高三英语第一轮复习教案语法一定语从句

定语从句

定义

I. 定语从句起形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，他的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用，二是在从句中担当一个成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。

从句 关系词 先行词 成分 Do you know the man who is talking who 人 主语 with your mother? Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am working whom 人 宾语 The boy (whom) she loved died in the whom, whichwar.. 和that在从句例句 备注 I like those books whose topics are 中做宾语时，about history. whose 关系代主语 词 that 人，物 宾语 very much. The book (which) I gave you was worth 主语 which 物 宾语 The picture which was about the accident was terrible. He is such a person as is respected by all 主语 as 人，物 宾语 This is the same pen as I lost yesterday. 关when 系时间 状语 there. which 时间 I will never forget the day when we met 可用on of us. 般不省略 as做宾语一$10. 用that 也不可以She is the pop star (that) I want to see 略，人，物 定语 The boy whose father works abroad is 但介词提前my desk mate. A plane is a machine that can fly. 时后面关系代词不能省常可以省略，副where 词 why

Ⅱ. as与which的区别： 定语 原因 地点 地点 This is the house where I was born. 状语 原因 状语 I can’t imagine the reason why he turned 可down my offer. 用for 可用in which which 区别 从句 限制性名词前有such和the same修饰时，关系定语从代词用as,不能用which 句 中 as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。非限制性定语如果有“正如，象”的含义，并可以放在主句前，也可以放在后面，那么用as；understand. 例句 He is not such a fool as he looks. Don’t read such books as you can’t They won the game, as we had expected. They won the game, which we hadn’t expected. As is well known, he is a famous film star in the 1980s. 从句中 而which引导的从句只能放主句后，并无“正如”的意思。

Ⅲ. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别： 类别 限制性定语法意义及特征 例句 The accident happened at the 对先行词起修饰限制作用，如果去掉，主句意思就不完整明确，这种从句与主句的关系十分语从句 密切，写时不用逗号分开。 对先行词作附加的说明，与主句的关系不十分非限制性密切，较松散。从句和主句之间用逗号分开，His mother, whom he loved deeply, died ten years ago. time when I left. 定语从句 相当于一个插入语，不能用that引导，关系代词做宾语时也不能省略。

一、考点聚焦

1、功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语

2、位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后

Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please. 3、先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词

（1）先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。

（2）先行词与关系词是等量关系。必须注意两点：

①先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。 This is the place which is worth visiting.

②关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。

There are many places we can visit（them）in China. 4、关系词：引导定语从句的都称关系词 关系代词：who, whom, which, that, whose, as。

关系副词：when, where, why。that偶尔也作关系副词。 5、确定关系词的步骤

（1）先找关系词，看先行词指的是什么。 （2）看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。

6、在定语从句中，当先行词指物时，下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用which

（1）先行词被①形容词最高级 ②序数词 ③数词几种词修饰或被 ④only、any、few、little、no、all、one of等修饰时。

（2）先行词为all、much、little、none、few、one、something、anything等不定代词时。 （3）先行词中既有人又有物时。

He was looking pleasantly at te children and parcels that filled his bus. （4）先行词在主句中作表语关系词在从句中作表语时。 The village is no longer the one that was 5 years ago. （5）当主句中含有疑问词which时。 Which are the books that you bought for me ? 7、宜用which而不用that的情况 （1）在非限制性定语从句中