常见同义词辨析

letters and calls, and do practical things for the masses combine good, effective through reaching people at the service of the \hird, foster the development of new energy, new General Secretary XI Jinping stressed development of innovation forest restructuring, revitalization of the old industrial bases in Northeast China is the State's major strategy, Central has issued comprehensive opinions of revitalizing Northeast China and other old industrial bases, the CPC Central Committee on revitalization in Northeast China were ... Vigorous determination does not waver, the work does not slacken off. Be firm with in the development has more to do with hard, and not muddle along, passive inaction. o rely on their own efforts, can't wait, can't wait, stand still. This not only provides new opportunities for development in our region, and gave us new requirements. We must seize the opportunity, full use of national policy, has to be more complicated, to start and target, give full play to the initiative of leading cadres at all levels, active, active, focusing on building new momentum for development, accelerating transformation of forest development. To implement the new development philosophy. Philosophy is the action guide, new ideas and new developments. Carrying out innovation, coordination and development of green, open, shared ideas, must be measurable, direct action with new development concepts, training cadres. In a new development concept as a yardstick. Established in line with the new concept of evaluation system and evaluation criterion, embodies the new development policy, organization, mandate implementation, always measured by the new development philosophy, continuous correction of forest transition course. In a new development concept for the path command. As part of the implementation of the new development philosophy followed and action guidelines, firmly adjusted, corrected and reject unsuitable, inappropriate and even against the new development ideas, behaviors and practices, more pragmatic approach based on a broad vision, and creatively carry out ecological construction, industrial development, improving people's livelihood, such as the work to ensure that new development ideas take root in forest areas. In a new development concept for weapon training cadre. Education leaders \new, nothing\cles, enhancing vitality and power. Combined development \ big industry\plementation \nd create \big environment\ngthening on new development, and new economy concept of learning, and grasp and using, real put thought and action unified to new development concept up, at with new development concept armed himself, and guide practice, effective do advocate innovation, and focused on coordination, and advocate green, and thick plant open, and advance shared. Second, we must rely on Science and technology affects. Tchnical innovation is the promotion of economic transformation and upgrading, quality and efficiency \1．summary, abstract, outline 区别

这些名词均含“摘要、概要、概括”之意。

summary : 普通用词，指将书籍或文章等的内容，用寥寥数语作简明扼要的说明。 abstract : 指论文、书籍等正文前的内容摘要，尤指学术论文或法律文件。

digest : 侧重对原文融汇贯通，重新谋篇布局，以简明扼要的语言，简短篇幅成文，展现原作精华。 outline : 指配以释议文字的提纲。

2． abolish, cancel, eliminate, extinguish 区别 这一组动词都有“取消，除掉”的意思。

abolish v.指对法律、习俗、制度的废除；完全破坏。

The government abolished the tax on alcohol.政府取消了酒税。

cancel v.对预先安排的某种活动(如旅行、计划、会议等)的取消；删去(字、句)。 The meeting has been cancelled because of the flu.会议由于流感而取消了。 eliminate v.指消除、淘汰已经存在但是现在不需要的东西。

The losing team was eliminated from further competition.失利的那个队被淘汰了，不能参加下一阶段的比赛。

The doctor helped him eliminate toxins from the intestine.医生帮助他排出肠中毒素。 dispose v.处理，处置；表示“除掉、扔掉”时常与of连用。(这一点需要注意。) After your picnic, please dispose of the litter.野餐后请清除掉垃圾。 extinguish v.熄灭，扑灭(火)；使沉默，使暗淡。

Firefighters extinguished a big fire.消防队员扑灭了大火

3． Absurd，ridiculous，silly区别

absurd a.荒谬的，可笑的，指因不符合常识、违反真理或不合逻辑而令人发笑。 例：There was an absurd idea that the earth was flat and motionless. 过去曾经有一种荒谬的观点认为地球呈扁平状而且静止不动。

ridiculous a.荒唐可笑的，指因为愚昧无知而令人发笑并成为笑柄，含有蔑视成分。例：It is ridiculous to judge a foreign culture only by its food.

仅仅根据一个国家的饮食来评价该国家的文化是荒唐可笑的。 silly a.愚蠢的，傻的，指由于单纯或者头脑简单而显得愚蠢。 例：a silly little boy傻小子

4． Accommodate，afford，furnish 这一组动词都有“提供”的意思。 accommodate v.提供住宿、房间；适应，迎合，迁就。

This hotel can accommodate up to 500 guests.这家饭店可供500位来宾住宿。

The company accommodated the customer's wish and sent the delivery overnight.公司满足了顾客的愿望，连夜将货物发了出去。

afford v.负担，支付；当“提供”讲时，多用于指抽象事物的提供。 We can't afford that expensive sports car.我们买不起那辆昂贵的跑车。

The tall building affords a beautiful view of the ocean.从这幢高楼上可以看到大海的美丽景致。 furnish v.指提供生活或某种用途所需要的东西。

Reading furnishes the mind only with materials of knowledge, it is thinking that makes what we read ours.阅读虽然为我们的思想提供了各种知识，然而只有思考才能将我们读到的内容变成自己的东西。

ivelihood, is related to people's well-being and social harmony and stability. We need to protect and improve the livelihood of the people as the starting point and ending point of transition and improve forest people's feeling and happiness. To promote poverty relief and development work. Implementing poverty alleviation crucial project is a major strategic decision made by the CPC Central Committee, is also determined by the provincial \nking and action to the requirements of the Central, provincial, resolutely win the poverty battle. The previous phase I to 18 stations, Tahe, Pine Ridge research, visited many of the poor, go, the heavier, more pressure. For poverty relief and development work, we must pay attention to it, always in mind, grasping hands, should not be blindly optimistic, there can be no slack. Poverty alleviation and development lies in precise, accurate. Present, in order to find out the real base of poor people as soon as possible, come up with feasible poverty standards, state card, built on the basis of document management. To firmly establish the \pt, increase the intensity of resourceintegration, and related funding, with limited funds wisely. By using a combination of employment, entrepreneurship for poverty eradication poverty eradication, education, poverty alleviation, medical aid of poverty means, due to effects of policies, those policies, ensure the completion of mission objectives for poverty eradication for the year. To actively promote the construction of new towns. In February this year, promulgated by the State Council on further promoting urbanization construction of new opinions, proposed to adhere to the people-centered, four modernizations synchronization, optimization, ecology civilization and cultural heritage of new urbanization path with Chinese characteristics. According to district-wide construction of civilized city and the beautiful countryside, further strengthening of urban transport, water supply and drainage and sewage, waste disposal ground, underground, such as infrastructure construction, strive to create a safer and more livable environment. To actively seize the full stop and opportunities for poverty alleviation and development, further efforts to increase forest villages merge, population to the County (district) Council sites and centres concentrated in villages and towns. Combined development of urban construction and tourism industries, careful planning and construction of a number of suitable for residential and farm tour towns and villages, forming one village one product, a feature pattern. Closer to the masses. Since last year, our in-depth implementation of the leading cadres of grassroots masses at work, solve the problems of a large number of people, get the masses give wholehearted support to and praise, this work will carry on, absolutely cannot or movement. Grassroots masses and cadres in combination with poverty reduction, combined with the steady work ofletters and calls, and do practical things for the masses combine good, effective through reaching people at the service of the \hird, foster the development of new energy, new General Secretary XI Jinping stressed development of innovation forest restructuring, revitalization of the old industrial bases in Northeast China is the State's major strategy, Central has issued comprehensive opinions of revitalizing Northeast China and other old industrial bases, the CPC Central Committee on revitalization in Northeast China were ... Vigorous determination does not waver, the work does not slacken off. Be firm with in the development has more to do with hard, and not muddle along, passive inaction. o rely on their own efforts, can't wait, can't wait, stand still. This not only provides new opportunities for development in our region, and gave us new requirements. We must seize the opportunity, full use of national policy, has to be more complicated, to start and target, give full play to the initiative of leading cadres at all levels, active, active, focusing on building new momentum for developmnt, accelerating transformation of forest development. o implement the new development philosophy. Philosophy is the action guide, new ideas and new developments. Carrying out innovation, coordination and development of green, open, shared ideas, must be measurable, direct action with new development concepts, training cadres. In a new development concept as a yardstick. Established in line with the new concept of evaluation system and evaluation criterion, embodies the new development policy, organization, mandate implementation, always measured by the new development philosophy, continuous correction of forest transition course. In a new development concept for the path command. As part of the implementation of the new development philosophy followed and action guidelines, firmly adjusted, corrected and reject unsuitable, inappropriate and even against the new development ideas, behaviors and practices, more pragmatic approach based on a broad vision, and creatively carry out ecological construction, industrial development, improving people's livelihood, such as the work to ensure that new development ideas take root in forest areas. In a new development concept for weapon training cadre. Education leaders \new, nothing\cles, enhancing vitality and power. Combined development \ndustry\plementation \nd create \big environment\ngthening on new development, and new economy concept of learning, and grasp and using, real put thought and action unified to new development concept up, at with new development concept armed himself, and guide practice, effective do advocate innovation, and focused on coordination, and advocate green, and thick plant open, and advance shared. Second, we must rely on Science and technology affects. Tchnical innovation is the promotion of economic transformation and upgrading, quality and efficiency \

5． acute, critical, crucial, urgent这一组形容词都有\严重的，重要的\意思。 acute a.剧烈的，严重的；急性的(病)。

An acute lack of food brought hunger to the Iraqi people.食品严重缺乏，伊拉克人民正在忍饥挨饿。 critical a.意为\关键的\，表示处于极度缺乏的状态或事件的转折点，与crucial相似。与crucial的区别在于它对缺乏的或危急的程度有更准确的衡量；还指\批判性的，分析性的\。 It is critical that you study hard for the exam or you will fail it. 为了考好你必须用功学习，则你会不及格的。

crucial a.意为\决定性的，紧要关头的，至关重要的\，最为笼统，适用于上述两种情况。

Improved consumer confidence is crucial to an economic recovery.消费者信心的增强对经济的复苏是至关重要的。

urgent a.意为\紧迫的，急迫的，紧要的\，它不强调所指的问题是最重要的，仅强调\紧急的\状态。 We have an urgent need for help; we are running out of water.我们急需要帮助，我们的水就快要用光了。

6． ambiguous, obscure, vague, unclear, dim 这一组形容词都有\模糊\的意思。

ambiguous a。意义含糊的，有歧义的，指因字、词、句有歧义而使人感到模糊不清、难以理解和把握。 His ambiguous directions confused us; we did not know which of the two roads to take。他的模棱两可的指导使我们很迷惑以至于我们不知道该走哪条路了。

obscure a。用于表达因光线不足而使人看不清楚。该词的引申意义可以表示语法、文字、记忆等因复杂、深奥、模棱两可而使人看不懂和无法理解。

The poetry of Ezra Pound is sometimes difficult to understand because it contains so many obscure references。艾兹拉·庞德的诗有时候难以理解，因为诗歌中含有许多令人费解的典故。

vague a。含混的，不清楚的，多用于比喻意义，用来表示因逻辑关系不清、言辞笼统而导致的意义不清楚，该词也可表示轮廓形状的不清楚和模糊。

He has some vague ideas about what to do, but nothing specific。他大概知道他要做什么，但没有具体的计划。 unclear a。指句意、字迹不清楚，使人难以看懂；不肯定的。 Unclear writing is difficult to understand。模糊的字迹使人难以辨认。 It is unclear whether the economy will get better。经济是否好转仍不明朗。 dim a。光线暗淡的，看不清的；记忆力模糊的；不大可能的。 Don't work in dim light。不要在昏暗的光线下工作。

His changes of recovery from illness are dim。他康复的可能性十分渺茫。

7． alleviate, diminish, reduce, decrease, decline这一组动词都有\减少，减轻\的意思。 alleviate v。在痛苦方面的减轻，缓和

The painkiller alleviated the pain。止疼药减缓了疼痛。

diminish v。指因为不断消耗，在数量方面缓慢减少，也指在素质或者价值的下降。 The supply of oil has diminished because of the war。由于战争石油的供应减少了。 reduce v。指人为地使某物在数量或重量方面的减少或降低。

He reduced the amount of money they could spend。他缩减了他们的开销。 decrease v。指数量上的减少；力量或者强度的减弱。

The population decreased a lot last year。去年人口数量急剧下降。 decline v. (数目、价格、比率)下降；谢绝，婉言推辞；衰退，衰落。

Last year, the crime rate in Chicago has sharply declined。去年芝加哥的犯罪率明显下降。

ivelihood, is related to people's well-being and social harmony and stability. We need to protect and improve the livelihood of the people as the starting point and ending point of transition and improve forest people's feeling and happiness. To promote poverty relief and development work. Implementing poverty alleviation crucial project is a major strategic decision made by the CPC Central Committee, is also determined by the provincial \nking and action to the requirements of the Central, provincial, resolutely win the poverty battle. The previous phase I to 18 stations, Tahe, Pine Ridge research, visitd many of the poor, go, the heavier, more pressure. For poverty relief and development work, we must pay attention to it, always in mind, grasping hands, should not be blindly optimistic, there can be no slack. Poverty alleviation and development lies in precise, accurate. Present, in order to find out the real base of poor people as soon as possible, come up with feasible poverty standards, state card, built on the basis of document management. To firmly establish the \pt, increase the intensity of resourceintegration, and related funding, with limited funds wisely. By using a combination of employment, entrepreneurship for poverty eradication poverty eradication, education, poverty alleviation, medical aid of poverty means, due to effects of policies, those policies, ensure the completion of mission objectives for poverty eradication for the year. To actively promote the construction of new towns. In February this year, promulgated by the State Council on further promoting urbanization construction of new opinions, proposed to adhere to the people-centered, four modernizations synchronization, optimization, ecology civilization and cultural heritage of new urbanization path with Chinese characteristics. According to district-wide construction of civilized city and the beautiful countryside, further strengthening of urban transport, water supply and drainage and sewage, waste disposal ground, underground, such as infrastructure construction, strive to create a safer and more livable environment. To actively seize the full stop and opportunities for poverty alleviation and development, further efforts to increase forest villages merge, population to the County (district) Council sites and centres concentrated in villages and towns. Combined development of urban construction and tourism industries, careful planning and construction of a number of suitable for residential and farm tour towns and villages, forming one village one product, a feature pattern. Closer to the masses. Since last year, our in-depth implementation of the leading cadres of grassroots masses at work, solve the problems of a large number of people, get the masses give wholehearted support to and praise, this work will carry on, absolutely cannot or movement. Grassroots masses and cadres in combination with poverty reduction, combined with the steady work ofletters and calls, and do practical things for the masses combine good, effective through reaching people at the service of the \hird, foster the development of new energy, new General Secretary XI Jinping stressed development of innovation forest restructuring, revitalization of the old industrial bases in Northeast China is the State's major strategy, Central has issued comprehensive opinions of revitalizing Northeast China and other old industrial bases, the CPC Central Committee on revitalization in Northeast China were ... Vigorous determination does not waver, the work does not slacken off. Be firm with in the development has more to do with hard, and not muddle along, passive inaction. o rely on their own efforts, can't wait, can't wait, stand still. This not only provides new opportunities for development in our region, and gave us new requirements. We must seize the opportunity, full use of national policy, has to be more complicated, to start and target, give full play to the initiative of leading cadres at all levels, active, active, focusing on building new momentum for development, accelerating transformation of forest development. To implement the new development philosophy. Philosophy is the action guide, new ideas and new developments. Carrying out innovation, coordination and development of green, open, shared ideas, must be measurable, direct action with new development concepts, training cadres. In a new development concept as a yardstick. Established in line with the new concept of evaluation system and evaluation criterion, embodies the new development policy, organization, mandate implementation, always measured by the new development philosophy, continuous correction of forest transition course. In a new development concept for the path command. As part of the implementation of the new development philosophy followed and action guidelines, firmly adjusted, corrected and reject unsuitable, inappropriate and even against the new development ideas, behaviors and practices, more pragmatic approach based on a broad vision, and creatively carry out ecological construction, industrial development, improving people's livelihood, such as the work to ensure that new development ideas take root in forest areas. In a new development concept for weapon training cadre. Education leaders \new, nothing\cles, enhancing vitality and power. Combined development \ndustry\plementation \nd create \big environment\ngthening on new development, and new economy concept of learning, and grasp and using, real put thought and action unified to new development concept up, at with new development concept armed himself, and guide practice, effective do advocate innovation, and focused on coordination, and advocate green, and thick plant open, and advance shared. Second, we must rely on Science and technology affects. Tchnical innovation is the promotion of economic transformation and upgrading, quality and efficiency \ He declined our invitation to dinner。他婉拒了我们请他吃饭的邀请。 8.

allocate, separate, detach, divide 这一组动词都有\分开\的意思。

allocate v。分配，把……拨给。

The city government allocated money for schools and the police in this year's budget。市政府在今年的预算中给学校和警察部门分配了资金。 separate v。人为地分开，使隔离开。

We separated the salad forks from the dinner forks。我们把沙拉叉与餐叉分隔开。 detach v。拆开组合的物体；远离，疏远。

We need a carpenter to detach this bookshelf from the wall。我们需要一名木匠将书架从墙上拆下来。 divide v。指将整体分为若干个部分。

The huge corporation dividedsintossmaller companies。这家特大公司分成一些较小的公司。

9. adjust, regulate, rectify, amend, convert, alter, modify, transform, vary这九个动词都含有\调整、改变\的意思。

adjust v。一般指很小的改变或技术性的调整；修理。

I adjusted the air conditioner to stay cool。我调节了空调以保持凉爽。

regulate v。指根据规定或需要对某物(机器、钟表等)进行调整或调节，使之准确工作或运行；多含有\控制\之意。

Lights are used to regulate the traffic。红绿灯被用来管制交通。 rectify v。纠正，校正(错误、文章、合同等)。

He rectified the mistake in the contract by changing its wording。他通过改变措辞纠正了合同里的错误。 amend v. (正式用语)指修改文件、法律、规范等。

The politicians amended the law to provide more jobs。政治家们修正了这项法律以提供更多的就业。 convert v。改变某事物的形式或用途，还可以指改变信仰尤其是宗教信仰。

Britain converted to a decimal currency system in 1971。英国于1971年改用十进制货币体系。 He's converted to Catholicism。他已经皈依天主教。 alter v。使事物在外观、性质、用途等方面稍作改变。

The tailor altered the waistband on my pants because it was too tight。裁缝修改了我的裤腰因为它太紧了。 modify v。改变，修改，以使某物更趋完善，还可以用来表示态度、脾气、意见变得温和。

He was loud and angry, and his friends told him to modify his behavior。他粗声大气，脾气暴躁；朋友们告诉他要改变自己的举止。

transform v。指彻底、深远的改变，这种变化完全改变了外观或特性，使被改变的对象脱胎换骨。 Remodeling transformed an old, dark housesintosa cheerful one。重新装修使这所陈旧昏暗的房子变得赏心悦目。

vary v。强调没有一定规则、陆续的变化或差异。

Air fares vary from one airline to another。航空公司的机票价格各不相同。 10.

admit, confess, concede 这几个动词都有\承认\的意思。

admit v。指由于说服、再三追问而\承认\某一事实或过错。 I admit that you have a point。我承认你有理。

confess v。供认(罪行、过错等)，含有\坦白、招认\的意思。 He confessed his crimes to the judge。他向法官供认了他的罪行。

ivelihood, is related to people's well-being and social harmony and stability. We need to protect and improve the livelihood of the people as the starting point and ending point of transition and improve forest people's feeling and happiness. To promote poverty relief and development work. Implementing poverty alleviation crucial project is a major strategic decision made by the CPC Central Committee, is also determined by the provincial \nking and action to the requirements of the Central, provincial, resolutely win the poverty battle. The previous phase I to 18 stations, Tahe, Pine Ridge research, visited many of the poor, go, the heavier, more pressure. For poverty relief and development work, we must pay attention to it, always in mind, grasping hands, should not be blindly optimistic, there can be no slack. Poverty alleviation and development lies in precise, accurate. Present, in order to find out the real base of poor people as soon as possible, come up with feasible poverty standards, state card, built on the basis of document management. To firmly establish the \pt, increase the intensity of resourceintegration, and related funding, with limited funds wisely. By using a combination of employment, entrepreneurship for poverty eradication poverty eradication, education, poverty alleviation, medical aid of poverty means, due to effects of policies, those policies, ensure the completion of mission objectives for poverty eradication for the year. To actively promote the construction of new towns. In February this year, promulgated by the State Council on further promoting urbanization construction of new opinions, proposed to adhere to the people-centered, four modernizations synchronization, optimization, ecology civilization and cultural heritage of new urbanization path with Chinese characteristics. According to district-wide construction of civilized city and the beautiful countryside, further strengthening of urban transport, water supply and drainage and sewage, waste disposal ground, underground, such as infrastructure construction, strive to create a safer and more livable environment. To actively seize the full stop and opportunities for poverty alleviation and development, further efforts to increase forest villages merge, population to the County (district) Council sites and centres concentrated in villages and towns. Combined development of urban construction and tourism industries, careful planning and construction of a number of suitable for residential and farm tour towns and villages, forming one village one product, a feature pattern. Closer to the masses. Since last year, our in-depth implementation of the leading cadres of grassroots masses at work, solve the problems of a large number of people, get the masses give wholehearted support to and praise, this work will carry on, absolutely cannot or movement. Grassroots masses and cadres in combination with poverty reduction, combined with the steady work of