2020届高考英语二轮复习语法突破16【特殊句式】
高考英语特殊句式用法速查速记
考点一 倒装句
完全 倒装 表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语here, there, now, then, up, down, away, off, in, out, in the room, on the wall等置于句首，且主语为名词时 否定副词(never, neither, nor, hardly, little, seldom, rarely等)或表示否定意义的介词短语(at no time, by no means, on no condition, in no case等)置于句首时 only修饰介词短语、副词或状语从句，且置于句首时 so/neither＋助动词/be动词/情态动词＋主语，意为“……也是如此/也部分 倒装 不……” 在not only...but (also)．..句型中，若not only置于句首时，需将not only所在的句子部分倒装 not until...置于句首时， 主句需部分倒装 so...that...和such...that...句式中，so或such及其所修饰的成分置于句首时，主句需部分倒装 例：Not until recently did they encourage the development of tourist-related activities in
the rural areas.
直到近期，他们才鼓励在农村地区开展与旅游业有关的活动。
Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours did they reach a decision. 他们只有在讨论这个问题几个小时之后才做决定。
We laugh at jokes, but seldom do we think about how they work. 我们听到笑话时会笑，却很少去考虑它们是如何让我们发笑的。 John opened the door. There stood a girl he had never seen before. 约翰打开门，一个他以前从未见过的女孩站在那里。
考点二 强调句
1．陈述句式：It is/was...that/who...(强调主语且主语为人时可用that或who，其他情况只用that) 一般疑问句：Is/Was＋it＋...that/who...? 特殊疑问句：疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that...?
例：It was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors.
正是当我回到公寓的时候，我第一次偶然遇见我的新邻居们。
Was it on a lonely island that he was saved one month after the boat went down?
他是在船沉了一个月之后在一个荒岛上被救的吗？ 2．“not...until...”的强调句：It is/was not until...that...
It was not until I came here that I realized this place was famous for not only its
beauty but also its weather.
直到我来到这儿，我才知道这个地方出名不仅因为它的美，还因为它的天气。 3. 强调谓语动词，用do/does/did＋动词原形。该结构只用于肯定句，并且只有一般现在时和一般过去时。
Do come on time this evening.今天晚上一定要准时来啊。 He did write to you last week.上周他确实给你写信了。 Tom does study hard now.现在Tom 的确学习很努力。
考点三 其他特殊句式
一、省略句 1．状语从句的省略
当时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it且从句中含be动词时，可以省略状语从句中的主语和be动词，构成下列结构：连词＋形容词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式。
例：Children, when accompanied by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.
孩子们在父母的陪同下才被允许进入该体育馆。 2．不定式的省略
(1)在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，可以省去不定式中和前面句子中相同的动词(短语), 只保留不定式符号to。常用在expect, hope, intend, mean, try, want, wish等词后。 例：Firstly, people may feel forced when asked to do things that they don’t want to.
首先，当人们被要求去做他们不想做的事情时他们会感到是被迫的。
(2)but用作介词，意为“除……之外”时，前面有实义动词do, 后接不定式时，要省略to；但前面没有实义动词do时，后接的不定式不省略 to。
例：If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but to meet an even greater challenge.
如果他接受这份工作，除了迎接更大的挑战之外他别无选择。
注意：特殊的省略结构：if 省略结构，常作为插入语来处理。
if so if not if ever if necessary if possible
如果这样的话 如果不；不然的话 如果曾经有的话 如果有必要的话 如果可能的话
if any 二、感叹句
1．what引导的感叹句
如果有的话
(1)What＋a/an＋(adj.＋)单数可数名词＋主语＋谓语！ (2)What＋(adj.＋)不可数名词/复数名词＋主语＋谓语！ 2．how引导的感叹句
(1)How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语！
(2)How＋adj.＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋主语＋谓语！ (3)How＋主语＋谓语！
例：What a strange plant(＝How strange a plant)! I’ve never seen it before.
多么奇怪的一种植物啊！我以前从未见过。
The shocking news made me realize what terrible problems we would face. 这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严重的问题。 三、祈使句
祈使句常用来表达命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告、劝告等。祈使句的主语一般是第二人称you(常省略)。祈使句的否定形式一般在动词原形前加don’t, 也可用副词never来构成。祈使句的强调形式可以在句首加do。
例：Do your homework before you watch TV.
看电视之前要先做你的家庭作业。 四、there be句型
1．there be 句型中的be可以有不同的时态，可以和助动词或情态动词连用。并且be有时可用 live, remain, stand, lie, exist, seem to be, appear to be, happen to be, used to be等替换。 例：There have been many great changes in our country since then.
自从那时起我国发生了很多大的变化。
Once upon a time there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea. 从前在海边的一个村庄里住着一位老渔夫。 2．there be句型的常考句型：
There is no point/sense (in) doing sth. 做某事没有意义。
There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问…… There is no need (for sb.) to do sth. (某人)没有必要做某事。
例：There is no difficulty/trouble in doing/with sth.
做某事没有困难。
There is no possibility of (doing) sth.
(做)某事没有可能性。 There is no possibility that... ……是不可能的。
答题技巧点拨 巧解特殊句式 1．熟记句型结构，轻松确定答案
常考的特殊句型都有一定的规律和句式结构，只要平时记住这些规律和特征，便可轻松确定答案。比如强调句基本结构为“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who...”，其判断方法：若去掉It is/was和that/who之后，句子仍完整，则题干为强调句。 2．巧用还原法，化难为易
对于一些特殊句型，一般情况下，考生可以把它还原为正常句型，如把倒装语序还原为
正常语序，把省略句补全等，便能降低解题难度。
高考英语二轮复习语法突破16【特殊句式】测试题
一、倒装句 单句语法填空
1. I was in trouble in overcoming my addiction to alcohol，and ______was my friend Mike. 2. So touching ______the song sound that I couldn't hold my tears back when I heard it for the first time.
3. One has reason to believe that China's anti-corruption over the past few years，tough ______it is，has achieved inspiring progress.
4. Only then ______we realize there was an earthquake.I was too frightened to move.
5. So necessary _______I found it to learn about my kid's schoolwork that I will visit his teachers next week.
6. Not a.single word ______he say when he was asked，which made his parents angry.
7. It is required that under no circumstances _______we betray ourselves even if there are temptations like money or beauty.
8. Only after Mary read her essay the second time _______she notice the spelling mistake. 9. Never ______it realistic for Europe to lay too much hope on China it since the debt problem will only be solved by European countries themselves.
10.He jumped at the opportunity when he saw the advertisement in a newspaper，because barely ______(can) he make ends meet.
11. Not until I returned _______I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me.
12. By the side of the playground of our school ______(stand) the new library，which was built in 2018 with the support of a generous businessman. 二、强调句 单句语法填空
1. In my life，it is mus which is extremely important___brings me closer to my friends and family. 2.Although it was ten years ago ______I read the book，it shows me a universal truth that books are friends，always pushing us to move on.
3. It wasn't until in high school _______I began to trust other people again.
4. In recent years，stress has been regarded as a cause of medical problems. However，like so many other things，it is only too much stress _______does you harm. 5. It is how you handle each challenge ________counts.
6. In that way，World Read Aloud Day _______help make a difference. 7. It was what he meant rather than what he said _______annoyed me.
8. It's not what you have in your life but _______you have in your life that matters. 9. Who was it ______played a trick on the new English teacher? 10. ---Where did you come across our Chinese teacher? ---It was in the supermarket _______I purchased moon cakes.
11. It's unnecessary and it's not important at all. We nee ant care about it. It is one's inner beauty______ matters.
12. ---Was itat1lo'clock ______your father came back last night? ---Yes， he is always coming back so late.
13. ---What do you think it is _______has brought worldwide attention to China? ---Rapid and steady economic growth，of course.
14. It was at the entrance of the zoo _______he me this girl friend who had been to London for a better post on.
15. Why!I have nothing to explain. What is it_______you want me to say? 三、There be句式、省略句及插入语
1. Yes，of course they celebrate Christmas here，and there are obviously displays in shops and Christmas markets，but ______seem to be no signs of Christmas adverts.
2020届高考英语二轮复习语法突破16：[特殊句式]附答案
