century later, with an average height of 169.8cm. James Bentham, a co-author of the research says the global trend is likely but once you average over whole populations, genetics plays a less key role,\he added.
But while height has increased around the world, the trend in many countries of north and sub-Saharan Africa causes concern, says Elio Riboli of Imperial College. While height increased in Uganda and Niger during the early 20th century, the trend has reversed in recent years, with height decreasing among 18-year-olds.
\reason for these decreases in height is the economic situation in the 1980s,\said Professor Alexander. The nutritional and health problems that followed the policy of structural adjustment, he says, led to many children and teenagers failing to reach their full potential in terms of height.
Bentham believes the global trend of increasing height has important implications. \now is strongly influenced by the environment we grew up in,\he said. \we give children the best possible start in life now, they will be healthier and more productive for decades to come.\ 24. What can be learned from Paragraph I?
A. The increase in women's height is much bigger than men's in the last century. B. The last century has seen a great increase in people's height in most countries. C. Genetics plays a key role in the increase of people's height in the last century. D. Dutch and Swedes are ranked first and second in height in the world nowadays. 25. The underlined word \ . A. slowed down. B. gone upwards. C. changed to the contrary. D. come to life again. 26. According to the text,James Bentham suggests that . A. The economic situation of some countries should be improved. B . Environment protection should be attached great importance to. C. The global trend of increasing height should be closely watched.
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D. Children's proper nutrition and healthcare should be guaranteed.
C
Smile! It makes everyone in the room feel better because they, consciously or unconsciously, are smiling with you. Growing evidence shows that an instinct for facial mimicry(模仿) allows us to understand and even experience other people’s feelings. If we can’t mirror another person’s face, it limits our ability to read and properly react to their expressions. A review of this emotional mirroring appears on February 11 in Trends in Cognitive Sciences.
In their paper, Paula Niedenthal and Adrienne Wood, social psychologists at the University of Wisconsin, describe how people in social situations copy others’ facial expressions to create emotional responses in themselves. For example, if you’re with a friend who looks sad, you might “try on” that sad face yourself without realizing you’re doing so. In “trying on” your friend’s expression, it helps you to recognize what they’re feeling by associating it with times in the past when you made that expression. Humans get this emotional meaning from facial expressions in a matter of only a few hundred milliseconds.
“You reflect on your emotional feelings and then you generate some sort of recognition judgment, and the most important thing that results in is that you take the appropriate action—you approach the person or you avoid the person,” Niedenthal says. “Your own emotional reaction to the face changes your idea of how you see the face in such a way that provides you with more information about what it means.”
A person’s ability to recognize and “share” others’ emotions can be prevented when they can’t mimic faces. This is a common complaint for people with motor diseases, like facial paralysis from a stroke, or even due to nerve damage from plastic surgery. Niedenthal notes that the same would not be true for people who suffer from paralysis from birth, because if you’ve never had the ability to mimic facial expressions, you will have developed alternative ways of interpreting emotions.
People with social disorders associated with mimicry or emotion-recognition damage, like autism(自闭症), can experience similar challenges. “There are some symptoms in autism where lack of facial mimicry may in part be due to limitation of eye contact,” Niedenthal says.
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Niedenthal next wants to explore what part in the brain is functioning to help with facial expression recognition. A better understanding of that part, she says, will give us a better idea of how to treat related disorders.
27. According to the passage, facial mimicry helps __________.
A. experience one’s own feelings clearly B. change others’ emotions quickly C. respond to others’ expressions properly D. develop friendship with others easily 28. We can know from Paragraph 4 and 5 that __________. A. people with motor diseases may also suffer from autism B. people born with facial paralysis may still recognize emotions C. people with social disorders can’t have eye contact with others D. people receiving plastic surgery have difficulty in mimicking faces 29. According to Niedenthal, the next step of the study will focus on __________. A. how we can treat brain disorders B. what can be done to regain facial mimicry C. how our brain helps us with emotional mirroring D. what part of our brain helps recognize facial expression 30. The passage is written to ____________.
A. discuss how people react positively to others’ smiles B. draw people’s attention to those with social disorders C. introduce a new trend in facial expression recognition D. explain how emotional mirroring affects people’s empathy
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第二节 (共5个小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Most of us have been there: Families can be very difficult, and family problems are very painful. However, how you approach the family member and what you say can make a difference. 31
Schedule a time to talk as a group. Facing and overcoming family problems can seem impossible. When you work together, however, solving family differences becomes possible. The first step is agreeing that there is a problem in the first place. 32 Make everyone aware that you want them to arrive with suggestions and solutions ready.
Focus on the issue at hand. When disagreements occur, people tend to bring up other problems they have ever had with the other parties. 33 Make efforts to uncover what is actually important about the current problem. Building a case or bringing up old misdeeds will not assist you in resolving this issue.
34 To reach an agreement during a family conflict, listening is important. Only by actively listening to each party can you understand what he is trying to communicate. Active listening involves allowing the other to speak without interruptions and expressing what was said afterwards to ensure you understood correctly.
Decide on a solution together. Once everyone has shared their needs and concerns, then strive for a compromise. Consider all the suggestions that each party has provided and look for a solution. 35 If necessary, develop a written agreement outlining how you will manage the problem.
A. Seek some professional advice. B. Listen to others without interrupting. C. This has a bad effect on conflict resolution. D. Have everyone state what they really want to say. E. Schedule a meeting when it is convenient for everyone.
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F. Everyone present there should feel good about the solution. G. So it's important to learn some effective problem-solving skills.
第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小趣；每小越1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
I had reached the age of twenty-eight. Still, I 36 whether the letter from my past would make it to me, all these years later. It was a 37 writing task from when I was eighteen. The teacher collected our letters to our 38 selves in self-addressed envelope with stamps and promised to 39 them ten years later. But since so much time had passed, would he even 40 ?
Thinking back on the 41 , I recalled giving my future self some advice. When you're eighteen Years old, twenty-eight seems like a 42 age, but I wasn't feeling as mature as I believed my younger self had 43 me to be.
When the letter finally reached me, I opened it 44 . It began, \will never get to you? \ 45 we were having an IM (instant messaging) chat. As a senior in high school, facing the 46 SATS and college application, my eighteen-year-old self was so 47 ! She was apparently not quite happy and hoped I wouldn't worry so much in the future, and that I wouldn't forget to be present and 48 my life!
49 to my belief, my eighteen-year-old self did not have any demands of me, or expectations I might have 50 meet. Instead, she wrote, \ 51 whatever you do. Even if you are not the one I'm imagining now, I'll support you, because maybe 52 I'm imagining is someone else, but you're not someone else, you're me.
I was 53 , and tears welled up in my eyes at this 54 through time. I had put a lot of pressure on myself to be the best version of myself that I could be. 55 , I came to realize what I
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浙江省瑞安市上海新纪元高级中学2019-2020学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题
