完整虚拟语气用法表格归纳图之欧阳数创编

欧阳数创编

状语从句中的虚拟语气 从句（条件） 主句（目的） 时间：2021.0 虚拟语气在if引导的条件句中的用法三点： 表示于现在事实相反的虚拟条件句 表示与过去事实相反的拟条件句 表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句 If+主语+动词的过去式（be主语+would(should 用were） might)+动词原型 If I had time, I would attend the meeting. could If+主语+had+动词的过去分主语+would（should could 词 might）+have+动词的过去分词 If he had hurried ,he could have caught the train. 1、If+主语+动词过去式 主语+would（could should 2、If+主语+were to+ 动词原might）+动词原型 形 3、If+主语+should +动词原形 If I were to go abroad ,I would go to America. 有时条件从句中的动作与主句中的动作，发生的时间不一致，这是动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。 If you had followed my advice , you would be better now. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. 有时虚拟条件句并没用if从句表示出来，而是用介词短语（otherwise，or，without，but for）上下文或其他方式来表示。 1. 条件暗含在短语中； 2. 条件暗含在上下文中； 3. 虚拟式变为习惯说法，很难找出其暗含的条件。 在if引导的表示虚拟的条件状语从句中，有时可以把虚拟条件中的连词if省去，而将had，should，were等助动词提到主语之前。 例：原句：1: If she were younger,she,would do it. 去if：Were she younger,she,would do it. 2: If you had come earlier, you would have met him. 去if: Had you come earlier, you would have met him 3:If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 去if:Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 1.表示与现在事实相反或对现在情况有怀疑，谓语动词用过去式。 He treatsthe boy as if he were his own son. 错综时间条件句——主从句时间不一致的情况下的虚拟语气 含蓄条件句 条件从句中省略if采用倒装语序的情况 欧阳数创编

欧阳数创编

虚拟语气在as if/as though引导的方式状语从句中 2.表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用过去完成时。 He spoke as if he had known about it. 3．表示与将来事实相反，(表示将来的可能性不大),用would (might, could)+动词原形 He acts as if he could win in the game . 注意：1.在as if/as though 句中，如果有可能成为事实，用陈述语气。 例：He looks as if he going to be ill. 2.as though或as if引导的状语从句，从句主语和主句主语相同时，从句中可省略主语和部分谓语。 虚拟语气用在lest，for fear that，so that及in order that引导的目的状谓语动词多用should/could/might+动词原型构成 语从句中表示“以防， For fear that it may rain tomorrow, we should bring an umbrella. 以免”等意思 由“providing（that）/provided（that）/on condition that/suppose（that）/supposing（that）”引导的条件从句 根据情况，1.可以用虚拟语气。 例：suppose/supposing that it rained,we shouldn’t go out. 2.也可以用陈述语气。 例：They are willing to surrender provided they are given free pardon.. （should）+动词原型 例：1.The game will be put off in case it (should) snow. 2.The game will be put off in case it snows. “In case”引导的从句中即可用陈述句，也可以用虚拟语气 名词性从句中的虚拟语气 一：宾语从句中的虚拟语气 1.在动词wish/hope后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气,表示一种不可能实现的愿望。 对现在情况的虚拟：从句谓语动词用过去式或过去进行式。 I wish (that) I were a bird. 对过去情况的虚拟：从句谓语动词用过去完成时，或would，could，might+现在完成时。 I wish (that) I had seen the film last night. 欧阳数创编

欧阳数创编

对将来情况的虚拟：从句谓语“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。 I wish (that) I would\\could go. 在表示建议，命令，要求，忠告，等动词的后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气 均以“should+动词原型”表示这种语气，“should”常被省略。 We suggested that the meeting (should) be put off. They insisted that the boy (should) go with them. 常用的此类动词有： 表示“提议，劝告，建议”的：propose,suggest,recommend,advise. 表示“要求”的：ask,desire, request,demand,require,beg 表示“同意，坚持”的：insist 表示“决定，命令”的：decide,order 注意：suggest,insist不表示建议或坚持要某人做某事时，即它们用于其本意暗示，表明，坚持认为时，宾语从句用陈述语气。 The smile on his face suggested(暗示） that he was satisfied with our work. The man insisted 【坚持认为】that he had never stolen the money. 经常用“should+动词原型（或完成形式），表示惊奇，怀疑，不满等情绪。 I cannot believe that you should think so. 在expect，believe，think，suspect等动词的否定或疑问形式后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气 Would rather，had 谓语动词用过去式表示与现在或将来相反 rather，后的宾语从I would rather you told me the truth. 句中的虚拟语气 用过去完成式表示与过去事实相反。表示“宁愿做什么”或“对过去做的事的懊悔”。 I would rather you had gone there last Sunday. 注意：1.若某人愿自己做某事，would rather后用动词原型 2.would rather…..than……中用动词原型 I would rather do it by myself. I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema. 主语从句中的虚拟语气 表达形式为should+动词原形或省略should It’s quite necessary that we should have a walk now. 欧阳数创编