1.
CH3HHOHClC2H5HOClCH3HHC2H5HClCH3OHHC2H5HOHCH3HClC2H52S,3R 2 R,3 S 2S,3S 2R,3R
2.
CH3HHOOHHCH3HOHCH3HOHCH3HHCH3CH3OHOH2S,3S 2R,3R 2S,3R
3.
HHHHCOOHOHOHOHOHCOOHCOOHHOHHHHOHOHOHCOOHHHOHOHOCOOHOHHHHCOOHRRSS SRSS RSRR
H HO H H
COOHOHHOHOHCOOHCOOHHOHHOHOHOHHHCOOH
COOHHHHOHOOHOHHHCOOHCOOHHOHOHHHHOHOHCOOH
RSSS SRRR RRRR SSSS
COOH
HOHHH HOHOHOHH HOHHO
COOH RSRS RSSR SRRS4.
OHH3C CH(CHH 3 ) 2 HH
1R, 2R, 5R 1S, 2S, 5S
OH
H3CH H HCH(CH 3)2
1R, 2S, 5R 1S, 2R, 5S
H
H3CCH(CH3)2
HO
HH 1S, 2R, 5R 1R, 2S, 5S
OHHCH(CH3)2HH3CHCOOHCOOHOHHOHHHOHOHHOHHHOHCOOHCOOH
OH(CH3)2CHCH3 HHH
OHHCH3 H(CH
3)2CHH
H(CH3)2CHCH3OHHH
OH(CH3)2CHHH
HCH3
1R, 2R, 5S 1S, 2S, 5R
六. 1. S 2. R 3. 2R,3S 4. S 5. R
ClCH3CH2HCHCH2CH2CHHClCH2CH3七. 1.
R S
2.
Cl(CH3)2CHHCHCH2CH2CHClCH(CH3)2HR S
3.
HOOCHCH2COOHHOHHOOCCH2HOCOOHR S
4.
HC6H5NH2CH3CH 3HC6H5NH2
R S
5.
HOOCHCH3NH2HCH3NH2COOHR S
八
解：全部使用费歇尔投影式，根据R,S构型之间仅仅相差任意两个基团或原子位置不同，只要任意两个基团或原子交换一次位置，就可以互变一次构型，解题时，任意写出分子的费歇尔投影式，先进行构型判断，如果不对，就交换两个原子或基团位置一次。
1．（R）—2—戊醇
OH CH3CH2CH2CHCH3
CH3HOC3H7H2.（2R,3R,4S）－4－氯－2，3－二溴己烷
BrCH3CHCHCHCH2CH3BrClCH3BrHClC2H52RH3RBrH4S
3. (S)－CH2OH—CHOH—CH2NH2 4. (2S,3R)—1,2,3,4—四羟基丁烷
OHHCH2OHOHOHCH2NH2 HHOCH2内消旋体 HCH2OH
5. (S)—2－溴代乙苯 6.（R）—甲基仲
丁基醚
CH65
BrCH3HOCH3CH3HC2H5九
解：3－甲基戊烷进行一氯代时生成四种构造异构体，如下：
CH3
ClCHCHCHCHCH2223
CH3CH3CHCHCH2CH3ClCH3CH3CH2CCH2CH3ClCH2ClCH3CH2CHCH2CH3（1） （2）
其中（1）存在如下一对对映体：
CH2CH2ClCH3C2H5HCH2CH2ClHC2H5CH3
有机立体化学习题及答案
