- 120 - Appendix I
educating children shows that we place a lot of faith in good upbringing in the molding of character. Yet, children are clearly born with different temperaments and this will lead them to respond differ-ently to the same treatment. Then again, accidents or disease can bring about changes to the brain that can completely transform a person's character.
Deciding where the balance lies between nature and external causes can be difficult. Take, for example, the case of the man whose character changed from being amiable and law-abiding to being aggressive and antisocial in a matter of a few weeks. On investigation, it was found that the man was suffering from a brain tumour. When this was removed, he returned to his original kindly character. Later the tumour grew once again, and the same slide into antisocial behaviour began again. In both cases the tumour was pressing on the part of the brain that controls social behaviour and changing the man's character. The response from others was understanding and help. However, where a criminal is born with the same type of brain that the tumour caused, our response is not sympathy and treatment, but condemnation and punishment. Is this logical? Is it fair?
(236 words)
Unit 6
Part I Pre-Reading Task
Script for the recording:
In the song you are about to listen to we hear what the singer is thinking as he writes his diary. Like many people who keep a diary, he treats it like a friend to whom he can pour out his inmost feelings. From the confidences he entrusts to his diary we learn of what he thinks of the way most people live. He thinks they spend their days in a rush, so much so that they have no time for him. As he says:
So many people by the score. Rushing around so senselessly. They don't notice there's people like me.
Perhaps he's right, perhaps people are too much in a rush to spare enough time for one another.
Appendix I - 121 -
Though one suspects they may have other reasons for not sparing the singer time. He sounds altogether self-centred, looking at the world only from his own narrow point of view. We hear this at the end of the song, when he passes lightly over an H-bomb explosion as something of no concern to him as nobody he knew was involved. Given his outlook, it is probably just as well he has his diary as a friend, as others might find it a bit hard to put up with him.
Dear Diary
The Moody Blues
Dear diary, what a day it's been. Dear diary, it's teen just like a dream. Woke up late. Wasn't where I should have keen. For goodness sake what's happening to me. Write
lightly, yours truly, dear diary.
It was cold outside my door. So many people by the score. Rushing around so senselessly. They don't notice there's people like me.
Write lightly, yours truly, dear diary.
They don't know what they're playing. They've no way or knowing what the game is. Still they carry on doing what they can. Outside me, yours truly, dear diary. It's over. Will tomorrow he the same: I know that they're really not to blame.
If they weren't so blind then surely they'd see.
There's a muck better way for them to he. Inside me, yours truly, dear diary.
Somebody exploded an H-bomb today. But it wasn't anyone I knew.
122 Appendix I
Part II Text A
lexl Organization 1.
Parts
Part One Part Two
Paragraphs Paras 1-11 Paras 12-18
Main Ideas
The author gives three reasons why we feel so time-pressed today.
Not every one is time-stressed, and in the case of Ameri-cans they have actually gained more free time in the past decade.
The perception of time-famine has triggered a variety of reactions.
The author pins down the crux (fE^p) of the problem and puts forward a remedy for the stress we feel.
Part Three Part Four
Paras 19-23 Paras 24-28
2. 1) The motorcar causes more traffic problems than it promises to solve.
2) The aircraft creates a high demand for time-consuming journeys that we never dreamed of. 3) The washing machine, contrary to our expectations, multiplies the hours spent on washing and ironing.
4) Instead of making our lives easier, technology goes so far as to cram extra work into our leisure time.
5) Technology produces the new burden of dealing with faxes, e-mails and voicemails.
6) Technology eats further into our time by forcing us to handle software glitches on computers and filling our heads with useless information from the Internet.
Vocabulary
I. 1. 1) appliance
3) multiply 5) prosperity 7) aircraft
2) comparative 4) oblige 6) in reality 8) volunteers
Appendix 1 - 123 -
9) a handful of 10) distribution 11) famine 12) large quantities of/a large quantity of 13) widespread 14) streamline 15) provoke 2. 1) take back 2) cling to 3) stand out/stood out 4) set aside 5) set about 6) switch off 7) amount to 8) poured in
3. 1) The unemployment rate is forecast to be below average next year, which at the moment is
4 percent.
2) There seems to be some confusion over who is actually giving the talk as both men are speaking to the audience.
3) Efforts to enter the building and find the baby girl proved futile as rescuers were driven out by the heat and flames.
4) The board was urged to divert some of its attention from controlling production and get more involved with demand issues.
5) Losing just one or two items of expensive clothing can really eat heavily into your profits when you are selling suits at ￡900 and dresses at ￡2,000.
4. 1) After two days' discussion, industry leaders who took part in the forum concluded mat the
most common reason for a company to 'go international' was insufficient growth in the domestic market, mostly due to a shortage of financial back-up from the local government. 2) There is an abundance of evidence showing that in the eleventh and twelfth centuries, in almost every corner of Europe the area under the plough was expanding, villages were springing up. new lands were being colonized, and the frontiers of Europe were being pressed forwards and outwards.
3) Has the ever-increasing pace of modern living gotten you down? Has the quest for more money and more excitement become a burden in your life? Surveys show that today a lot of Americans feel weary of being knocked backwards and sideways just because they are always on the go /seem forever on the go. In their crazy search for fulfillment, they've gotten themselves into situations in which they are not able to cope. II. Confusable Words 1. 1) nervousness
3) stress, stress/tension 2. 1) honorary
2) tension 4) tension 2) Honorable
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4) honorary 6) honorary
3) honorable 5) honorable
III. Usage
1) Dealing with the extinction crisis is no simple matter. Is it sensible, we may ask , to spend large sums of money to save some species — be it an elephant or an orchid — in a nation in which a large proportion of the population is living below the poverty line?
2) This new technology could be used anywhere large numbers of people need to be quickly screened — at airports, train stations, bus terminals or border crossings. However, experts suspect, there is also the risk that people will learn to fool the machine the same way they try to fool polygraph (测谎器) readings by controlling their breath or taking drugs to relax them-selves.
3) With a high percentage of marriages ending in divorce, often due to financial difficulties, you would say that money is a big factor in making a good marriage. But, believe it or not, it isn't money that ensures you a happy marriage; it is your philosophy of life that does.
4) Not all the risks on the Internet are sexual, you know. Sites promoting violence are just a click away, and may include instructions for making bombs and other destructive devices.
■
Structure
1. 1) Philosophical essays and translations apart. Mr. Sinclair's early literary production also covered
poetry and short stories.
2) Interest in computer science apart. Michael has an enduring love of the arts, especially music and painting.
3) Handsome reward apart, the work can be thoroughly enjoyable and rewarding in its own right. 4) Good looks apart, there is a quality about her that makes her stand out from all the other girls in the class.
2. 1) What I am convinced of is that the world's population will grow to an unforeseen extent. 2) The service that we can provide for our customers is what we really care about and our staff make every effort to maintain as high standards as possible.
3) He may have traveled all over the world, yet what most often emerges in his dreams are not the mountains he has climbed nor the oceans he has crossed, but the narrow, winding lanes he used to pass through and the rivers he used to catch frogs in as a child. 4) The billionaire said in a recent TV interview that money is not like eggs he could hatch chick-ens from. Money is just something he would hold onto for a little while and pass on to someone who needs it more than he does.
全新版大学英语综合教程四课后答案
