全新版大学英语综合教程四课后答案 

Appendix I

Key to Exercises (Units 1-8)

Unit 1

Part I Pre-Reading Task

Script for the recording:

The song you are about to hear is based on a true story. It tells the tale of the sinking of a ship called The Edmund Fitzgerald that was caught in a storm on Lake Superior back in November 1975, with the loss of all on board.

Lake Superior is an enormous lake and the wind can at times make it dangerous to shipping, whipping up huge waves. November is a particularly dangerous month for such storms. This had long ago been noticed by a local native American tribe, the Chippewa, who used to speak of how death threatened from the lake when storm clouds gathered in November. According to legend, the big lake, which they called Gitche Gumee, was without mercy in that month, never giving up those it had marked for death.

It is this legend that starts the song before it moves on to talk of The Edmund Fitzgerald. The Edmund Fitzgerald, like many other ships that sail the lake, was built to carry iron ore. Filled with ore these ships lie low in the water and can find themselves in difficulties in rough weather. So, with a full load on board we can imagine the anxiety that must have begun to creep into the hearts of the sailors on board The Edmund Fitzgerald as they felt the cold wind beginning to rise and heard the sound of it singing as it blew through the wires. For, despite the fact that the captain and crew were all experienced, \Before long their worse fears started to come true and the storm had risen to a hurricane. The despair of the crew is captured in the words of the cook. First he comes on deck to tell the sailors it is too rough to cook, they will have to wait for their supper. The next we hear from him he is saying

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goodbye to his shipmates. Water is pouring into the ship. The captain sends out a distress signal, but that is the last that is heard from the ship. It is swallowed up by the lake, leaving nothing behind but the mourning families of the twenty-nine sailors and the sound of the church bell ringing in their memory.

Now let's listen to the song:

The Wreck of the Edmund Fitzgerald

Gordon Lightfoot

The legend lives on from the Chippewa on down Or the big lake they call Gitche Gumee

Tke lake, it is said, rfever gives up her dead

When the skies or November turn gloomy

Witk a load of iron ore twenty-six thousand tons more Than the Edmund Fitzgerald weighed empty That good ship and true was a hone to be chewed When the gales of November came early

Tke skip was tke pride of tke American side Coming back from

some mill in Wisconsin As tke kig freigkters go, it was kigger tkan most Witk a crew and good captain well seasoned Concluding some terms witk a couple of steel firms Wken tkey left fully loaded for Cleveland And later tkat nigkt wken tke skip's kell rang Could it ke tke nortk wind tkey'd been feeling

Tke wind in tke wires made a tattle-tale sound

And a wave broke over tke railing

And every man knew, as tke captain did too Twas tke witck of Novemker come stealing

Tke dawn came late and the breakfast had to wait

Wken the Gales of November came slashing When afternoon came it was freezing rain In the face of a hurricane west wind

Appendix 1

When suppertime came, the old cook came on deck saying

Fellas1, it's too rough to reed ya2

At seven PM a main hatchway caved in, he said

Fellas, it's heen good to know ya

The captain wired in he had water coming in And the good ship and crew was in peril

And later that night when his lights went out of sight Came the wreck of the Edmund Fitzgerald

Does any one know where the love of God goes When the waves turn the minutes to hours The searchers all say they'd have made

Whitefish Bay If they'd put fifteen more miles hehind her They might

have split up or they might have capsized They may have broke deep and took water And all that remains is the faces and the names Of the wives and the sons and the daughters J

Lake Huron rolls, Superior sings In the rooms of her ice'water mansion

Old Michigan steams like a young man's dreams The islands and hays are for sportsmen And farther helow Lake Ontario Takes in what Lake Erie can send her And the iron boats go as the mariners all know With the Gales of November remembered

In a musty old hall in Detroit they prayed In the Maritime Sailors' Cathedral The church hell chimed til it rang twenty-nine times For each man on the Edmund Fitzgerald

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??1 fella: (slang) fellow 2 ya: (slang) you

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Trie legend lives on irom the Chippewa on down Or the nig lake they call Gitche Gumee Superior, they said, never gives up her dead When the gales or November come early

Part II Text A

lexf Organization

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Parts

Part One

Paragraphs'

Paras 1-2

' Main Ideas

Introduction — Both Napoleon's and Hitler's military campaigns failed because of the severity of the Russian winter.

Napoleon's military campaign against Russia Hitler's military campaign against the Soviet Union Conclusion—The elements of nature must be reckoned with in any military campaign.

Part Two Part Three Part Four

Paras 3-11 Paras 12-20 Para 21

2.

Sections Section One Section Two

Paragraphs Paras 12-13 Paras 14-18

Main Ideas

Hitler's blitzkrieg against Russia and Stalin's scorched earth policy

the battles fought at Leningrad, Moscow and Stalingrad the Russian counter-offensive and the outcome of the war

Section Three Paras 19-20

Vocabulary

I. 1. 1) alliance 3) stroke 5) minus 7) declarations

2) heroic

4) limp 6) regions 8) siege

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9) raw 10) retreat 11) have taken their toll 12) In the case of 13) campaign 14) at the cost of 15) has been brought to a halt 2. 1) is faced with 2) get bogged down 3) is pressing on / pressed on 4) drag on 5) picking up 6) falling apart 7) cut back 8) take over

3. 1) The rapid advance in gene therapy may lead to the conquest of cancer in the near future. 2) The border dispute between the two countries resulted in thousands of casualties.

3) Sara has made up her mind that her leisure interests will/should never get in the way of her career.

4) Obviously the reporter's question caught the foreign minister off guard.

5) The introduction of the electronic calculator has rendered the slide rule out of date / obso-lete.

4. 1) At that time, the enemy forces were much superior to ours, so we had to give up the occupation of big cities and retreat to the rural and mountainous regions to build up our bases.

2) Unity is crucial to the efficient operation of an organization. Failure to reckon with this problem will weaken its strength. In many cases, work may be brought to a halt by con-stant internal struggle in an organization.

3) The Red Army fought a heroic battle at Stalingrad and won the decisive victory against the Germans. In fact, this battle turned the tide in the Second World War. During this famous battle, the Soviet troops withstood the German siege and weakened the German army by launching a series of counterattacks. II. More Synonyms in Context

1) During the First World War, battles occurred here and there over vast areas. Some of the most dramatic fighting took place in the gloomy trenches of France and Belgium and in the no-man's-land between the trenches.

2) Elizabeth made careful preparations for the interview and her efforts / homework paid off. 3)1 spent hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement, but he turned a deaf ear to all my words. 4) Pneumonia had severely weakened her body, and I wondered how her fragile body could withstand the harsh weather.