代词
一、考点、热点总结
知识点1.人称代词和
it的用法
知识点2.物主代词和指示代词的用法知识点3.反身代词的用法代词:是用来代替名词的词。一。常见考点有:
人称代词的主宾格及其句法功能;
形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的用法和区别;指示代词的用法;
反身代词的用法及其语法功能;不定代词的用法;
它是英语语法结构中的一个重要词类,
也是测试的重点内容之
例1:人称代词和it的用法
人称代词指表示“你,我,他”等人称的代词,它有单复数,性别及主格与宾格的变化。人称代词主格在句中充当主语,人称代词宾格在句中应放在
单数
人称
主格
宾格
主格
动词或介词后充当宾语;
复数
宾格
第一人称第二人称
I you he
him
we you
you
第三人称
she it
it
they them
1、人称代
词的主格在句子中作主语。
(1)单数人称并列作主语时,其顺序为:“你,她(他),我”。或We置于最前面。
You, she and I all enjoy music. I and he are wrong.
我和他都错了。
我,你和她都喜欢音乐。
但承认错误的时候将
I
(2)复数人称并列作主语时,其顺序为:“我们,你们,他们”。
We, you and they should return on time. 我们,你们和他们应该按时回来。
2、人称代词的宾格在句子中作及物动词的宾语或介词的宾语。
My parents like her very much. What’s wrong with him?
我父母非常喜欢她。
他怎么了?
练习:Look at the photo. The girl beside _______ is Nancy.
A.I
B. my
C.me
D. mine
It的用法
1、人称代词it通常指事物,也可
--Where’s tea grown?
指不知性别的人或婴儿。
什么地方种植茶?
--It’s grown in the southeast of China. 中国东南部种植。The baby is crying. It might be hungry.
那个婴儿在哭,它可能是饿了。
2、it 还可以指天气,时间,距离等。
It’s very cold today. 今天非常冷。It’s ten o
’clock now. 现在是10点钟。
3、It还有一些特别的用法(1)用作形式主语,常用于
“It’形容词(s++for/of sb.)+to do”句型中。
It’s very important for us to learn English well. (2)用作形式宾语,用来代替动词不定式或从句,常用在动词
I found it hard to fly a kite.
练习:_______ is impolite to cut in line when you are waiting for a bus.
A.This
B. That
C.It
D. Which
make, find等后。
例2:物主代词和指示代词的用法
物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。其各种形式如下表
单数复数
类别
第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称
形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词
mine
yours
my
your
His Her its His Hers its
ours
yours
theirs
our
your
their
形容词性物主代词后面要接名词,而名词性物主代词后面则不接名词I like my pen. I don
hers. ’t like
.
练习:—Is that _______ dog?
—No, ________ is white. A . his ; His
B. Her ; Its
C. he ; his
D. her ; Her
指示代词是用来指示人或事物的代词,表语,宾语。
主要有this, that, these, those等。在句中做主语,
1.this, these 指时间或空间上较近的人或事物;that, those指较远的人或事物。
This is a map of China and that is a map of the world.2.that, those指代上文提到的人或事物;
this, these指代下文将要叙述的人或事物。
Those are the books which may be useful to you.
3.用来询问敲门的人是谁。
Who’s that / it?
练习:She had a cold yesterday. ________ is why she didn
A. This
B. Those
C.These
’t come to work.
D. That
例3:反身代词的用法
反身代词是一种表示反身或强调的代词。和第三人称宾格,加上
-self或-selves构成。
它由第一人称,第二人称的形容词性物主代词
人称
单数复数
第一人称myself ourselves
第二人称第三人称
yourself Himself Herself itself
yourselves
themselves
1、反身代词在句中一般用作宾语,反身代词作宾语时常用在
同位语,不可单独做主语,也可作并列主语的后一部分。
enjoy, teach, help, buy, wash, look after等动词及一些介词后。
The children teach themselves English. 2、常用于固定搭配中enjoy oneself oneself
穿衣
to
随便吃
by
oneself
独自
for
玩的愉快
learn...by oneself
自学
dress
help oneself oneself
亲自
练习:1.Each of the students is going to have________ examined before graduation.
A.he
B.him
C.himself
D. His
2. I guess Tom and his sister Celia enjoyed ________ at the party.
A. myself
补充:
B.himself
C. herself
D. themselves
(一)few, a few, little 和a little
a few 表示肯定,“有一点”,few表示否
(1) few和a few 用来修饰或代替可数名词,其中定,“几乎没有”。
A few
people can live to 100,
but few can live to 150.
a little 表示肯定,“有一点”;little
(2)little和a little则用来修饰或代替不可数名词,其中表示否定,“几乎没有”。
There is a little time left. Hurry up! Bob couldn
’t buy the dictionary because he had little money on him.
(3) a little 可修饰形容词或副词的原级和比较级。That is a little expensive.
Your work is a little more than mine.
(二)another, other(s) 和the other(s)
“另一个”,也可修饰单数可数名词,还可后
(1) another可单独使用,泛指三者或三者以上的接“大于一的基数词+复数名词”。
There are three pens on the desk. One is red, another is yellow, the third is black. Some players will stay in Canada for another seven days.
(2) other可单独使用但必须与the连用,表示”两者或部分中的另一个或部分
”,含有特指的意味。
”,也可修饰名
词。The other可用来表示“两个人或物中的另一个
One of my brothers is named Tony, the other is John.
(3)others相当于“other+名词复数”,表示“另外的一些...(并非全部)”,单独使用;the others相当于“the other+名词复数”,单独使用,特指另外的全部人或物。Some of them are red; others are brown. Twenty of the class are boys, the others are girls.
二、典型例题
例(一)1. My parents canA.him
’t go to see the film tonight because _____ are busy. B. them
C. they
D. he