阅读理解（一）
1、 Eight years before his death in 1896, Alfred Nobel was surprised to read an obituary(讣告) in the local newspaper. This was a strange obituary, for it told Alfred Nobel, the man who was reading it, that he was dead. The newspaper had confused Alfred with his brother, Ludwig, who had recently died.
Nobel was shocked to read that he had passed away,and he was even more annoyed by the title of the obituary : The Merchant of Death Is Dead. Alfred was a very rich and successful armaments manufacturer(武器制造商).
This incident got him thinking about his reputation. What would people think of him after his real death? Would they really say “That was a man who profited from killing”? It was this thought that led him to leave his money一a huge amount of it—for the founding of the famous Nobel Prizes. His aim was for his money to be used to support the ongoing quest(追求) for excellence in the sciences and literature, and the ideal of peace. Thousands of men and women have been honored since the first awards were given out in 1901. The awards let the world know about the developments that may have a huge effect on our lives.
However, the prizes are controversial sometimes. There is often protest(抗议) at the award of the peace prize when not everyone thinks that the award-winners deserve the award. Even the award for literature has sometimes been criticized because the award committee often neglects important writers. The highly influential novelists James Joyce and Marcel Proust,for example,were never honored by the Swedish Academy.
Still, for the most part of the awards don’t cause many complaints. Alfred Nobel founded the prizes to recognize those who have had “the greatest benefit to mankind\that most of the prize winners—among them. Albert Einstein and Martin Luther King— have made contributions that deserved to be honored and remembered. 1.How did Alfred Nobel feel when he read the obituary in the newspaper? A.Sad and worried. B.Shocked and upset. C.Surprised and confused. D.Amused and puzzled.
2.What did Alfred Nobel decide to do after reading the obituary?
A.Seek excellence in the sciences, B.Donate all his money to the charity. C.Stop producing any killing weapons. D.Set up the Nobel Prizes with his money.
3.Why does the author mention James Joyce and Marcel Proust? A.To show the controversy of some Nobel Prizes. B.To give examples of influential Nobel Prizes. C.To explain the standard of giving out the Nobel Prizes. D.To prove the influence of the Nobel Prizes on literature. 4.What does the author think of the Nobel Prizes? A.There should be more female winners. B.There are too many controversial winners. C.They have honored many worthy winners. D.The committee should be more selective.
2、 In the mid-2000s, Waze Mobile co-founder Ehud Shabtai received a cutting-edge (尖端的) gift from girlfriend: a GPS. The expensive gift was supposed to be helpful. But straight out of the box, it was already out of date.
Shabtai, a coding enthusiast, had an immediate reaction to reinvent. Shabtai’s solution? To build an app. With 80 million monthly active users globally and nearly 400,000 superusers who function much like Wikipedia volunteer editors (editing maps rather than words), Waze Mobile caught the eye of Google as a revolutionary approach to navigation (导航).
Acquired by Google in 2013, Waze’s value mainly lies in its high rate of user involvement. Unlike traditional navigation apps that simply show directions, Waze asks its users to report accidents and other road conditions in real time, so other users can avoid the traffic by using an alternative route.
The goal behind Waze’s approach is an ambitious one: not just avoid traffic, but end it altogether. Waze is finding new ways to put its loyal and active user base to use to make that vision a reality, including a plan to make carpooling (拼车) cool.
To be sure, traffic jams are troubling people all over the world. Waze has been quietly ahead of the game for some time. In 2013, when Waze was just a small digital-mapping business with limited resources it had something Google Maps and other competitors didn’t: richer GPS guidance thanks to its stream of live traffic reports from users.
These users were the basis of Shabtai’s plan to solve for his GPS device’s “silent” hardware: he grounded the app in software that could be perpetually updated by users, anywhere and anytime. Waze Carpool is going straight to the heart of traffic jams, trying to get more drivers off the road and into carpools. The app has already connected tens of thousands of rideseekers with drivers willing to ferry them along a shared route, and that trend could be the answer to a traffic-free future.
1.What did Shabtai do when he found his girlfriend’s gift out of date? A.He improved it. B.He took it apart. C.He put it away. D.He used it anyway.
2.What sets Waze Mobile apart from traditional navigation apps? A.It has the most users. B.It can indicate directions.
C.It reports road conditions in real time. D.Most users help edit its words.
3.What does the underlined word “perpetually” in paragraph 6 probably mean? A.Difficultly. B.Carefully. C.Greatly. D.Constantly.
4.What is mainly talked about in the text? A.The rise of carpooling. B.An advanced navigation app. C.The development of Google. D.Traffic problems in the world.
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