Unit ONE
Enhance Your Language Awareness
Words in Action
■ Worki ng with Words and Expressi ons
1. In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the
following sentences with the words given. Change the form where necessary.
■ Answers:
1) spark 2) compelled 3) bare 4) scrape 5) destruction 6) output 7) retreat 8) tipped 9) miracle 10) eternal 11) pile 12) transfer 13) mass 14) thereby 15) have emerged 16) trigger 17) threaten 18) consumed 19) hollow
2. In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Complete the
sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. ■ Answers: 1) show signs of 2) cope with 3) lives in fear of 4) tough it out 5) cut down 6) from head to foot 7) searched out 8) no thi ng short of
9) As yet 10) settle in 11) take heart
■ In creas ing Your Word Power
1. You will read six pairs of words which are similar in meaning but are different in usage.
Reflect on the differences in usage between the words in each group and fill in each blank with a proper one. Change the form if necessary.
■ Answers:
1) temptati on 2) attract ion 3) chanee 4) opport un ity 5) states 6) country 7) warned
8) threate ned / threate ns 9) refuse 10) reject 11) total 12) gross
2. A blend is a word produced by combining parts of other words, such as comsat\ communications' and satellite\. Try to find out what words the following blends are
formed from. You may consult a dictionary if necessary. ■ Answers: Blend Formation Meaning smog smoke + fog 烟雾 blog web + log 博客 brunch autocide chunnel breakfast + lunch automobile + suicide cha nnel + tunnel 早午餐（早餐和午餐合为一餐） 撞车自杀 海峡隧道 motel motor + hotel 汽车旅馆 n etize n net + citize n 网民 sci-fi scie nee + fiction 科幻小说 workaholic work + alcoholic 工作狂 无线网络 wi-fi wireless + fidelity 3. Fill in the blanks in Column B with an adjective in Text A. The target adjective must be opposite in meaning to the one in Column A and must form a correct collocation with the noun in Column C.
■ Answers:
1) individual
2) contradictory 3) destructive 4) rational 5) primitive 6) synthetic 7) distant 8) pessimistic 9) irreplaceable 10) enormous
Grammar in Context
1. Study the following sentences from Text B and point out the grammatical function of each of
the present participles used as an adverbial.
■ Answers:
1) an adverbial of accompanying circumstances 2) an adverbial of accompanying circumstances 3) an adverbial of result 4) an adverbial of result
5) an adverbial of manner; accompanying circumstances 6) an adverbial of result 7) an adverbial of time
2. Complete the following sentencesby translating the Chinese in the brackets into English,
using a present participle as an adverbial.
■ Answers:
1) killing thousands upon thousands of people 2) raising the average yield by 15 percent 3) trying to deduce its operating principle
4) Seeing that everyone was bending over his/her book 5) Not having heard from his parents for a long time 6) leaving the project unfinished 7) Turning to the right
8) Not wanting to make the patient nervous
Cloze
■ Complete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is
given.
■ Answers:
(1) realm (2) elemental (3) obtain
(4) stubbornly (5) transferred (6) transformed (7) subdued (8) expansion (9) irreplaceable (10) extinct (11) dynamic (12) verge (13) moderate (14) ecological (15) rational
Translation
1. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.
■ Answers for Reference:
1) The village is so close to the border that the villagers lived in constant fear of attacks from the enemy.
2) In only twenty years the country was transformed into an advanced industrial power.
3) Seeing the project successfully completed, those who had invested so much time and energy in it felt very proud.
4) Given the current financial situation, it is inevitable that the US dollar will be further devalued. 5) There are so many vehicles nowadays that the roads in this area are barely adequate to cope with the present traffic.
6) The weather showed no signs of getting better so the government called upon us to get prepared for floods.
7) Alice had been confined to bed for over 10 years after the traffic accident, and so her recovery seemed nothing short of a miracle.
8) The students were all very much concerned about the World Cup, spending at least two hours every day watching the live matches on TV.
9) Thomas said that his family had settled in Florida more than half a century ago. 10) Ask for help. Don 't tough it out yourself. I learned this lesson early in my life.
2. Translate the following passage into English. ■ Answers for reference:
Human beings live in the realm of nature. They are not only dwellers in nature, but also transformers of it. With the development of society and its economy, people tend to become less depe ndent on n ature directly, but in directly their depe ndence grows.
Human beings are connected with nature by blood ” ties. No one can live outside nature. However, the previous dynamic balanee between man and nature has shown sig ns of breaking down. Problems such as the population explosion, ecological imbalanee and the shortage of natural resources have become major factors keeping human society from being further developed.
Professor Spirkin holds that the only choice for human beings is the wise organization of product ion and care for Mother Nature.
Theme-Related Writing
■ Write an essay of no less than 150 words on the topic My Understanding of Environmental
Protection . Your writing should cover the following points:
1) the relati on ship betwee n man and the environment 2) the urge ncy of environmen tal protect ion 3) ways to protect the environment
■ Sample essay
My Understanding of Environmental Protection
Man and the environment are closely related. Man relies on the environment for water, food and shelter. A harm onious relati on ship betwee n man and the environmen t is esse ntial for huma n survival on the earth.
However, man and the en vir onment have n ever bee n on such bad terms as they are now. As society develops, man' tsansformation of nature has severely polluted his living environment. Deforestati on leads to cha nges in rain fall patter ns, caus ing devastati ng floods, droughts and sandstorms. The discharge of chemical pollutants endangers our health and the lives of other bein gs. And mass product ion has resulted in the shortage of irreplaceable n atural resources such as coal and oil. If we take no immediate and effective steps to protect our environment, human beings may be the n ext species to become ext inct.
We should do our best to protect our environment by planting more trees,taking care of wildlife, reduci ng in dustrial wastes, using ren ewable en ergy, and impos ing heavy fines on en viro nmen tally-unfrien dly activities, so as to preserve the environment for future gen eratio ns.
(167 words)
Unit Two
Man and Technology
Enhance Your Language Awareness
Words in Action
■ Working with Words and Expressions
3. In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the
following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. ■ Answers:
1) 2) 3) 4)
productivity phenomenon isolation gradual
新世纪大学英语综合教程4(第二版)_习题答案1-4单元
