必修5 Unit 5 First Aid
I. 单元基础知识
1. 核心单词
(1) liquid n．_________ (2) tissue n．_________
(3) sleeve n．_________ (4) cupboard n．__________ (5) damp adj．__________ (6) squeeze vt．_________ (7) organ n．__________
(8) complex adj．___________ (9) barrier n．__________ (10) vital adj．__________ (11) _________ n．勇敢；勇气 (12) _________ n．款待；招待 (13) _________ n．典礼；仪式
(14) _________ adj．暂时的，临时的
(15) _________ adj．（动作）稳定有力的；坚定的 n．公司 (16) ________ v．隆起 ；（使）膨胀 →________ adj.肿胀的 (17) ________ adj．温和的 →________ adv. 温和地 (18) ________ adj．难以忍受的 →_________ adj．可忍受的→______ vt．承受n．熊 (19) ________ n．毒药 vt. 使中毒;毒害 →_________ adj.有毒的；恶毒的 (20) ________ n．多样化；种类 →_________ adj．多方面的，各种各样的
→________ vi．变化 2. 高频短语
(1) _________ 生病
(2) _________ 在适当的位置
(3) _________ 有影响；起（重要）作用 (4) _________ 各种各样的 (5) _________ 脱下;成名 (6) knock over _________ (7) stick to _________ (8) act as _________
(9) get injured / burnt / infected ___________ (10) put one’s hands on __________ 3. 重点句型
(1) So as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned it __________________. 因此你可以想象的到，如果你的皮肤烧伤了就可能非常严重。
(2) If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, ___________. 如果烧伤的部位在臂部或腿部，要尽可能把手臂或腿抬到高于心脏的位置。
(3) John _________ in his room ________ he heard screaming.
约翰正在房间里做功课，突然听到一声尖叫。
(4) ____________ John’s quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms. Slade’s life.
毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校所学的急救技术，挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。
(5) ____________________ and knowledge of first aid_____ saved Ms. Slade’s life.正是约翰的快速反应和急救知识拯救了斯莱德女士的生命。
II. 考点精析及演练
1. injury n.伤口；伤害；损害
injure v.伤害；损害 injured adj.受伤的 [易混辨析] injure，hurt，harm，wound injure “伤害，损害”，一般指由于意外或事故而造成伤害，也表示损害名誉、伤害感情等。 hurt “疼痛，受伤”，既可以指肉体上的伤害，伴有强烈痛感；也可以指精神上的伤害，常与deeply，very much，rather连用。 harm “伤害”，用于肉体或精神上的伤害，有时也指引起不安或不便。 wound “受伤，伤口”，通常指武器的伤害，如刀、枪等的伤害。 [用法检测]用上述动词的适当形式填空。 (1) It ______me to think that he would lie to me. (2) Two women have been badly______ in the accident. (3) Luckily no one got______ in the battle. (4) Don’t ______your eyes by reading in poor light.
2. essential adj.必不可少的；最重要的；本质的；基本的；n.必需品；要素；实质
[同义表达] essential，important，vital [常见用法]
be essential to/for对……来说是重要的 It’s essential to do/that...……是必要的(that从句的谓语用“should＋do”，should通常省略） [用法检测]
(1) It is essential __________(你赢得) the voters’ hearts.
(2) Sun and water __________(对……必不可少) the growth of crops. 3. variety n．[C，U]变化；多样(化)；多变(性) [词性拓展]
various＝a variety of (varieties of)＋n.(pl.) 各种各样的，不同种类的 the variety of ……的种类 vary vt. / vi. 使不同；变更；变化；呈多样化 vary with… 随......变化 vary from...to...= vary between…and… 从......到......不等； 在......到......之间变化 [拓展延伸]“许多”表达 只修饰可数名词 只修饰不可数名词 既修饰可数名词，又修饰不可数名词 a large/ great/ number of a great/ good many quite a few many a…+ V（单） more than one…+V（单） 4. vital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的 [常见用法]
be of vital importance……是至关重要的 be vital to/for 对……很重要 It is vital to do sth.做……是很重要的 It is vital that...……是十分重要的(that从句中要用虚拟语气，即should＋do，should可以省略) [用法检测] 你的支持对我的计划是否成功关系重大。 Your support___________ the success of my plan.
a great/ good deal of (large) amounts of a lot of/ lots of a large/ great quantity of (large) quantities of a variety of/varieties of a large/ great amount of plenty of 5. treat n.招待；款待；v.以……态度对待；把……看作；治疗；招待；请客 [常见用法]
treat sb.as...把某人看作…… treat sb.to sth.招待某人吃…… treat sb.with respect/kindness尊敬某人/善待某人 My treat.我请客。 [用法检测] If he was treated in a proper way，he was likely to be saved.
①________________________________________________. (改为省略句) ②__________________________________________.(用过去分词作状语改写句子)
6. apply vt. & vi.涂；应用；适用；申请 [常见用法]
application n.申请(书)；用途 applicant n.申请人 apply to适合 apply (to sb.) for sth.(向某人)申请某物 apply oneself to (doing) sth.＝be applied to (doing) sth.致力于/集中精力于…… [用法检测] If you apply yourself to the job in hand，you’ll soon finish it.
①______________________________________.(用现在分词短语作状语改写句子)
②_____________________________________.(用过去分词短语作状语改写句子) 7. make a difference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用 [常见用法]
make no/little difference to对……没有/几乎没有影响 make much difference to对……有很大影响 tell the difference between...and...说出……和……的不同 be of no/little/much/great difference没有/几乎没有/有很大/有巨大作用 [用法检测] (1) _________________________whether he comes here or not. 他来与不来这里对我来说关系不大。
(2) Can you __________________________ the two words? 你能区别这两个单词吗？
8. be doing…when 正在做……这时……
[课本原句]John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.约翰正在房间里学习，突然听到一声尖叫。 [常见表达]
be doing...when...正在做……这时…… be about to do...when...正要做……此时…… be on the point of doing...when...正要做……这时…… had just done...when...刚做了……这时…… [用法检测] (1) We were swimming in the lake _______ suddenly the storm started.
(2) She_______ just ______ (finish) her homework when her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.
9. 强调句型 It is(was)+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分
[课本原句]It was John’s quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms. Slade’s life.正是约翰的快速反应和急救知识拯救了斯莱德女士的生命。 [用法解析]
(1)在强调句型中，将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that之后，被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语，强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用。如果把这种句型结构（it is/was…that/who）划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子；这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。 (2)几种强调句型变式：
一般疑问式：Is/ Was it +被强调部分+ that…？ 特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词+is/was it that…？
反义疑问式：It is/was+被强调部分+that…，isn’t / wasn’t it？
not ... until ... 的强调句型：It is/was not until + 被强调部分 + that... [用法检测]
(1) Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star. ____________________________________________________________________. (改为强调句)
(2) Was it in 1969 ____ the American astronauts succeeded ___ landing on the moon? A. when; on B. that; on C. when; in D. that; in
人教版高中英语必修五Unit 5 First Aid
