一、高中英语任务型阅读 1．任务型阅读
It is very important for kids to be courageous. A brave child is more likely to withstand negative peer pressure, say no to temptations（诱惑）and flight the good fight.________ It boosts kids' resilience（适应力）, confidence and willpower as their as well as their learning, performance and school engagement. Here are several ways to develop kids' courage:
Model courage. Kids who watch their parents stick their necks out to do the right thing are more likely to do the same.________ Then express how good it feels when you conquer your fear instead of taking a shortcut. Your kids will learn how to take on the tough challenge they face by witnessing how you tackle your fears.
________ Research finds that kids are more likely to be courageous if they believe that their parent them to support those in need. Discuss bravery with your kids: Tell hem Courage is making the choice to do what you know is right even if you are afraid.”
Ask your kids to share their acts of bravery. Learning to be brave takes practice, so encourage your children to do something courageous every day.________A mom I talked to had her kids share their brave deeds at dinner time.
Teach your kids how to reduce their fears. If not kept under control, fear can be powerful.________ You might encourage positive self-talk, such as saying, “I can handle this” or “I have courage to do this.” Or teach your child to take slow, deep breaths to find courage. A. Talk about values and courage. B. Courage has other surprising benefits. C. The good news is that courage can be taught. D. Teach your child simple strategies to be brave. E. Let your child see you step out of your comfort zone.
F. In today's uncertain world, kids will need courage and confidence. G. Then take time to focus on their courageous breakthroughs. 【答案】B；E；A；G；D
【解析】【分析】本文作者首先讲述了有勇气的一些优点，然后针对家长如何帮助孩子们获得勇气这一问题给出了一些建议。
（1）细节理解及推理判断。根据前文 It is very important for kids to be courageous. 和空后It boosts kids' resilience, confidence and willpower as their as well as their learning, performance and school engagement. 它能增强孩子的韧性、自信心和意志力以及...，这里提到了有勇气的一些优点，故答案为B。
（2）细节理解及推理判断。根据Kids who watch their parents stick their necks out to do the right thing are more likely to do the same.和 Your kids will learn how to take on the tough challenge they face by witnessing how you tackle your fears.这里提到了父母的示范作用，故答案为E。
（3）细节理解及推理判断。由Research finds that kids are more likely to be courageous if they believe that their parent them to support those in need. Discuss bravery with your kids: Tell
hem Courage is making the choice to do what you know is right even if you are afraid.” 可知这里意思是谈论价值观和勇气，故答案为A。
（4）细节理解及推理判断。根据文中Ask your kids to share their acts of bravery.和A mom I talked to had her kids share their brave deeds at dinner time. 这里提到了家长和孩子们谈论勇敢行为的问题，花时间关注他们的勇敢突破。故答案为G。
（5）细节理解及推理判断。You might encourage positive self-talk, such as saying, “I can handle this” or “I have courage to do this.” Or teach your child to take slow, deep breaths to find courage. 这里提到了一些简单的勇敢策略，故答案为D。
【点评】这是一篇七选五任务性阅读题，阅读时首先要弄清作者要向人们介绍说明什么，理解写作意图，理清线索，从而理解文章，看题时注意确定关键词，然后在文章中定位找到与选项一致的内容进行正确的判断。
2．请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。
Fighting the curse of presenteeism
\level, extra effort seems to be self-defeating. Studies suggest that, after 10 hours a week, employee productivity falls sharply.
But that doesn't stop some managers from demanding that workers stay chained to their desk for long periods. Jack Ma, the founder of Alibaba, recently applauded the \employees work from 9am to 9pm, six days a week, as a huge blessing\However, to modem office workers presenteeism is a curse.
There will be days when you do not have much to do, just waiting for someone else to respond to a request. As the clock ticks past 5pm, there may be no purpose in staying at your desk. But you can see your boss hard at work and, more important, they can see you. So you make an effort to look busy.
If bosses do not like to go home before their underlings (下属)and underlings fear leaving before their bosses, everyone is trapped. Staff may feel that they will not get a pay rise, or a promotion, if they are not seen to be putting in maximum effort. This is easily confused with long hours. Managers, who are often no good at judging employees5 performance, use time in the office as a measurement.
But presenteeism has more serious consequences. As well as reducing productivity, this can increase medical expenses for the employer. According to a study, these costs can be six time: higher for employers than the costs of absenteeism among workers. To take one example, research found that Japanese employees with lower-back pain were three times more likely to turn up for work than in Britain. As a result, those workers were more likely to experience greater pain and to suffer from depression. What could be more discouraging than being in pain while feeling trapped at work?
\small amount of time. Unavoidably there will be a need for some (preferably short)meetings. Dealing with colleagues face-to-face develops friendships, allows for a useful exchange of ideas and enables workers to have a better sense of their common needs.
With portable smart phones and laptops, we can work at home as easily as in the office. Turning an office into a prison does nothing for the creativity that is increasingly demanded of office workers as routine tasks are automatic. To be productive you need presence of mind, not being present in the flesh.
Fighting the curse of presenteeism ________ Contributing factors Modem office workers stay chained to their desk for long periods. ?The staff think it may give them a(n)________ to get a pay rise, or a promotion. ?Employees' performance is________in terms of working hours. Consequences ?Employees work less ________, some pretending to be busy. ?More medical expenses have to be ________ by employers for their staff. ?Workers have a________to be both physically and mentally. unhealthy. ?It is of no ________to the development of creativity. ________ of contact Conclusion face-to-face ?It develops friendships. ?It makes a useful exchange of ideas ________. ?It enables workers to ________each other's needs. To be productive you need presence of mind, not being present in the flesh. 【答案】 Phenomenon；edge/advantage；judged/evaluated/measured；productivity；paid/covered/afforded；tendency；use/help；Benefits；face-to-face；understand 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了老板如何应对工人工作中的不满。 （1）考查信息归纳。根据文章内容结合表格，先给出现象，讨论这种现象的原因、后果。因此答案Phenomenon。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的\may feel ……not get a raise，or a promotion……efforts\得出答案是give sb. an edge/advantage“给某人优势”。故填edge/advantage。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Managers, who are often no good at judging employees5 performance, use time in the office as a measurement.”，老板不擅长评判员工的表现，就会把时长作为考核手段得知答案是考核，故填evaluated /measured/judged。 （4）考查原词复现。根据第五段中的“ As well as reducing productivity, this can increase medical expenses for the employer. ”和第三段中的“ So you make an effort to look busy.”，可知答案是productivity。
（5）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“As well as reducing productivity, this can increase medical expenses for the employer. ”，可得知雇主还需多支付员工的医疗费用，因而表格中更多的医疗费用要雇主为员工负担。注意被动语态的使用，故填 paid/covered/afforded。 （6）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“As a result, those workers were more likely to
experience greater pain and to suffer from depression. ”可以得知员工工作时长过长，不仅身体上出现健康问题，心里上也遭受巨大压力，have a tendency to固定短语，“有……倾向，有……趋势”，故填 tendency。
（7）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的\nothing for the creativity……\可知答案是be of no use固定短语“毫无帮助”，所以填use/help。
（8）考查推理判断。根据表格给出的内容可知都是face-to-face contact的好处，因而由文章内容概括为benefits，注意表格中第一栏首字母大写，故填 Benefits。
（9）考查细节理解。很据第六段中的“Dealing with colleagues face--to--face develops friendships, allows for a useful exchange of ideas and enables workers to have a better sense of their common needs.”，可知在阐述face--to-face 的工作方式，因而答案为face -to- face，面对面的思想沟通、意见交流。
（10）考查推理判断。根据第六段中的\with colleagues face-to-face develops friendships, allows for a useful exchange of ideas and enables workers to have a better sense of their common needs\可知答案是更好的明白。故填understand。
【点评】本题涉及信息归纳，细节理解，推理判断和原词复现四个题型的考查，是一篇社会类阅读，要求考生准确掌握所给材料，根据上下文的逻辑关系，结合相关的语法知识和词汇知识，写出正确答案。
3．（2019?天津）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Haze Mabry, who has worked as a school keeper for thirteen years, walks into the school building every day and empties garbage cans, wipes down bathrooms and mops wet messes in the hallways.
Last Friday, after he arrived at the school, instead of finding garbage to clean up, he found almost 800 students lining the hallways with handmade cards, blowing noisemakers and singing a full-throated happy birthday to him. It was his 80th. As he walked the long hallway, some popped out of lime to hug him. They handed him so many cards that they filled several large boxes. Touched by their enthusiastic expression of affection. Mabry thanked them all. \children,\
On a regular day, students at the school sometimes come up to him to say they're not feeling well or other times to tell him about something that happened at break. He knows most of the kids at the school, but can't name each one. Some of them make him know them. Like Faith, who often forgets her backpack in the cafeteria, and Lucy, who just wants a hug.
\（夸耀）on himself, but it doesn't matter what he's doing or where he is, he will always stop what he's doing to take care of a child if that child is having a bad day. If a child approaches him, he will pause to give that child his undivided attention. He's the most loved one in this building,\
Mabry works circles around all the students, cleaning up messes others don't want to touch. He doesn't expect a lot. Mabry said he hadn't planned to do much for his milestone birthday, so he was happy the students had prepared the surprise celebration.
Over the weekend, he worked through the piles of handmade cards at his house. One card
from a student stood out to him. It read: \
（1）What is Mabry's daily work as a school keeper？（no more than 5 words） （2）How did the students celebrate Mabry's birthday？（no more than 15 words） （3）What does the underlined word in Paragraph 2 probably mean？（1 word） （4）Why is Mabry's presence at the school important？（no more than 10 words） （5）Who is the \？Please explain. （no more than 20 words） 【答案】 （1）Cleaning the（school）building. Or: Doing（the）cleaning. Or: He cleans the（school）building. Or: He does（the）cleaning.
（2）By lining the hallways，blowing noisemakers，singing a song，handing him cards，and hugging him.
Or: By lining the hallways with（handmade）cards，blowing noisemakers，singing a song，and hugging him.
Or: They lined the hallways，blew noisemakers，sang a song，handed him cards，and hugged him.
Or: They lined the hallways with（handmade）cards，blew noisemakers，sang a song，and hugged him.
（3）Love. Or: Liking. Or: Fondness.
（4）（Because）he loves/cares about（the）students and works hard. Or: （Because）he loves（the）students and is devoted to his work. Or: （Because）he is kind/caring/helpful to the students，and hard-working.
Or: （Because）he is regarded as a kind/warm-hearted/helpful/caring and hard-working man.
（5）My father/mother. （Because）he/she loves me and encourages me when I'm faced/confronted with difficulties.
Or: My teacher. （Because）he/she cares about me and prepares me for my future career. Or: My friend. （Because）he/she brings me joy/happiness and gives me a lot of comfort/help/encouragement.
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，清洁工Mabry的日常工作就是清扫学校大楼。Mabry 爱学生，关心学生。学生们也尊敬他，喜欢他。在他80生日那天，学生们用自己的方式祝贺他的生日，表达了对Mabry的热爱。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Haze Mabry, who has works as a school keeper for
高三任务型阅读复习专题
