附录(Appendixes)
一、 矿 物 代 号
Ab = Albite Ac = Acmite Act = Actinolite Ae = Aegirine Af = Alkali feldspar Alm = Almandine Als = Al2SiO5 mineral Am = Amphibole An = Anorthite And = Andalusite Andr = Andradite Anl = Analcite Ann = Annite
Ant = Anthophyllite
Ar = Aragonite Aug = Augite Bi = Biotite Brc = Brucite Cc = Calcite Ch = Chlorite Cld = Chloritoid Co=Corundum Coe = coesite
Cpx = Clinopyroxene Crd = Cordierite Crs = Crossite Cum = Cummingtonite Der = Deerite Di = Diapside Dia = Diamond Dol = Dolomite En = Enstatite Ep = Epidote F = Fluid(H2O) Fa = Fayalite Fo=Forsterite Fs = Ferrosilite Gl = Glaucophane Gra = Graphite Gro = Grossular Gt = Garnet Hb = Hornblende Hd = Hedenbergite Hu = Heulandite Hy = Hypersthene Ill = Illite Jd=Jadeite Jed=Jedrite Kao = Kaolinite Kf = K-feldspar
钠长石 锥辉石 阳起石 霓石 碱性长石 铁铝榴石 Al2SiO5矿物 角闪石 钙长石 红柱石 钙铁榴石 方沸石 羟铁云母 直闪石 文石 普通辉石 黑云母 水镁石 方解石 绿泥石 硬绿泥石 刚玉 柯石英 单斜辉石 堇青石 青铝闪石 镁铁闪石 迪尔石 透辉石 金刚石 白云石 顽火辉石 绿帘石 流体(H2O) 铁橄榄石 镁橄榄石 铁辉石 蓝闪石 石墨 钙铝榴石 石榴石
普通角闪石 钙铁辉石 片沸石 紫苏辉石 伊利石 硬玉 铝直闪石 高岭石 钾长石
Kp = Kalinophilite
Ky = Kyanite L = Liquid = melt Lc=Leucite Lm = Laumontite Lw = Lawsonite Mar=Margarite Mc=Mica Mgn = Magnesite Mi = Microcline Mm = Montmorillonite Ms = Muscovite Mt = Magnetite Ne = Nepherine Ol = Olivine Om =Omphacite
Opx = Orthophyroxene
Or = Orthoclase Pg = Paragonite Phl = Phlogopite Phn = Phengite Pie = Piemontite Pig = Pigeonite Pl = Plagioklase Prh = Prehnite
Prl = Pyrophyllite
Pu = Pumpellyite Px = Pyroxene Pyr = Pyrope Q = Quartz Rie = Riebeckite San = Sanidine Sps = Spessartine St = Staurolite Stp = Stilpnomelane Tc=Talc Tr=Tremolite Ts=Tschermakite V =Vapour Ver=Vermiculite Wm = White mica Wo=Wollastonite Wr=Wairakite Se = Sericite Ser = Serpentine Sil = Sillimanite Sm=Smecite Sp = Spinel Wu=Wustite Zo = Zoisite
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钾霞石 蓝晶石 液体 = 熔体 白榴石 浊沸石 硬柱石 珍珠云母 云母 菱镁矿 微斜长石 蒙脱石 白云母 磁铁矿 霞石 橄榄石 绿辉石 斜方辉石 正长石 钠云母 金云母 多硅白云母 红帘石 易变辉石 斜长石 葡萄石 叶腊石 绿纤石 辉石 镁铝榴石 石英 钠闪石 透长石 锰铝榴石 十字石 黑硬绿泥石 滑石
透闪石
契尔马克分子 蒸汽 蛭石 白色云母 硅灰石 斜钙沸石 绢云母 蛇纹石 夕线石 蒙皂石 尖晶石 方铁矿 黝帘石
二、汉英对照岩石学名词索引 A A′KF 图(A′KF diagram) ACF 图(ACF diagram)
AFC 模式(assimilation and fractional crystallization) AFM 图(AFM diagram)
A 型花岗岩(A-type granites) I 型花岗岩(I-type granites)
M 型花岗岩(M-type granites) P-T-t 轨迹(P-T-t path)
S 面(S-safaces 或 S-planes) S 型花岗岩(S-type granites)
阿波罗(Apollo) 阿尔卑斯型超基性岩体(Alpine-type ultrabasic rocks)
阿拉斯加型(Alaska-type)
安山岩(andesite) 岸礁(shore reef)
暗拼岩(appinite) 暗色体(melanosome)
奥长花岗岩(tronndhjemite) B 白榴石响岩(leucite phonolite) 白榴岩(leucitite)
白片岩(white schist) 白云石化 (dolomitization)
斑点构造(spotted structure)
斑脱岩(bentonite)
斑杂构造 (taxitic structure)
斑状变晶结构(porphyroblastic texture) 斑状结构(porphyritic texture)
板块(plate) 板劈理(slaty cleavage)
板岩(slate) 板状等粒结构(equant tabular texture)
板状构造(slaty structure) 板状交错层(plate cross-bedding)
半晶质结构(hemicrystalline texture)
半自形变晶(hypidioblastic)
半自形晶粒状结构(hypidiomorphic-granular texture)
包含结构(poikilitic texture)
包卷层理(convoluted structure)
包卷构造(convoluted structure)
雹痕(hail print)
堡礁(barrier reef)
爆发(explosions)
碧玄岩(basanite)
碧玉岩(jasperite)
变斑晶(porphyroblast)
变晶(blast)
变晶鲕 (metacrystal ooid) 变晶结构(blastic texture)
变晶系(crystalloblastic series)
变嵌晶(poikilolblast)
变形(deformation)
变形带(deformation band)
变形结构(deformation texture)
变形双晶(deformation twins)
变形纹(deformation lamellae)
变余构造(palimpsest structure)
变余结构(palimpsest texture)
变余糜棱岩(blastomylonite)
变质带(metamorphic zone)
变质反应(metamorphic reaction)。 变质分异(metamorphic differentiation)
变质构造(metamorphic structure) 变质级(metamorphic grade)
变质结构(metamorphic texture)
变质结晶作用(metamorphic crystallization)
变质相(metamorphic facies)
变质相系(metamoprhic facies series)
变质岩 (metamorphic rocks)
变质岩岩屑砂岩(metamorphic fragment sandstone)
变质作用 P/T 比类型(P/T ratio type of metamorphism)
标准矿物(normative minerals)
表鲕 (superficial ooid)
表生成岩作用(epidiagenesis)
宾汉塑性流(bingham plastic flow)
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冰川(glacier) 冰筏(ice raft) 冰碛物(till) 冰山(iceberg) 波痕构造(ripple mark) 波状层理(wavy bedding) 波状交错层(wavy cross-bedding) 波状消光(undulose extinction) 玻基安山岩(hyalo-andesite)
玻基斑状结构(vitrophyric texture ) 玻基玄武岩(vitrobasalt) 玻璃质结构(hyaline texture) 玻璃质碎屑结构(vitriclastic texture) 玻屑(glass shards)
补偿深度(carbonate compensation depth,简记为 CCD) 不等粒结构(heterogranular texture) 不等粒结构(inequigranular or seriate texture) 不连续反应(discontinuous reaction) 不平衡结构(disequilibrium texture)
部分熔融 (partial melting) 部分熔融结构 (partially melted texture)
C
残积物(residual sediments) 残缕结构(helicitic texture) 残余构造(relict structure) 残余结构(relict texture)
槽状交错层(trough cross-bedding) 层(条带)状混合岩(stromatite) 层礁(stratigraphic reef) 层理(bedding) 层流 (laminar flow) 层系(set) 层系组(coset)
层状构造或带状构造( layered structure, stromatic structure)层状侵入体(layered intrusions) 长石砂岩(feldspar sandstone)
长石石英砂岩(feldspathic quartz sandstone) 长石岩屑砂岩(feldspar lithic sandstone) 长英质(quartz-feldspathic)
超变质作用(ultrametamorphism) 超高压(ultrahigh-pressure) 超基性岩(ultrabasic rocks)
超基性岩包体(ultrabasic rock inclusion ) 超临界状态(super-critical state) 超糜棱岩(ultramylonite) 超碎裂岩(ultracataclasite) 沉积构造(sedimentary structure) 沉积混杂岩(diamictite) 沉积物(deposits) 沉积学(sedimentology)
沉积岩 (sedimentary rocks) 沉积作用(广义)(sedimentation) 沉积作用(狭义)(deposition) 沉凝灰岩(tuffite)
成分层(compositional layering) 成分成熟度(compositional maturity)
成分-共生图解(composition-paragenesis diagram) 成核(nucleation)
成岩格子(petrogenetic grid) 成岩作用 (diagenesis) 充填样式(packing style)
冲击变质作用(impact metamorphism) 冲刷构造(scour structure) 冲刷痕(scour marks)
冲洗交错层(swash cross-bedding) 初糜棱岩(protomylonite) 初始熔融 (incipient melting) 雏晶(crystallite) 穿时的(diachronous) 垂向序列(vertical succession) 次变石榴石 (kelyphite)
次生沉积构造(secondary sedimentary structure) 次生石英岩(secondary quartzite) 次要元素 (minor elements)。 粗安岩(trachy-andesite) 粗安岩(tristante)
粗晶 (macrocrystal) 粗砾岩(cobble conglomerate)
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粗粒(coarse grained)
粗粒结构(coarse grained texture ) 粗粒杂砂岩(course wacke) 粗面岩(trachyte) 粗砂岩(coarse sandstone) 粗尾粒序(coarse-tail grading)
粗玄结构(间粒结构)(intergranular texture) 粗玄岩(dolerite) 脆性流(brittle flow) 脆性行为(brittle behavior)
D
大理岩(marble) 大气空落(air fall)
大洋盆地玄武岩(oceanic basalts)
大洋中脊玄武岩(Mid-Ocean ridge basalts: MORBS)带状侵入体(zoned intrusions)
单成分砾岩(oligomict conglomerate) 单成分粘土岩(monogenic claystone) 弹性行为(elastic behavior) 淡色英云闪长岩(leucotonalite)
岛弧 (island arc) 岛屿结构(island texture) 等变线(isograd)
等厚环边胶结物 (isopachous cement) 等化学变质作用(isochemical metamorphism) 等粒结构(equigranular texture) 等粒结构(homogranular texture) 等量体(equivalent) 等色岩(shonkinete) 底劈作用(diapirism) 底涌流(base surge) 底载荷(bed load) 地盾(shield)
地幔不相容元素(mantle incompatible elements) 地幔相容元素(mantle compatible elements) 地面涌流(ground surge) 地热梯度(geothermal gradient)
地外变质作用(extraterrestrial metamorphism) 递增变质(progressive metamorphism)
点礁(patch reef)
叠层构造(stromatolitic structure) 叠层石灰岩 (stromatolitic limestone) 叠瓦构造(imbricated structure) 碟状构造(dish structure)
顶峰变质条件(peak metamorphic conditions) 顶蚀作用(stoping): 定向充填(oriented packing) 定向构造(directional structure) 定向压力(directed pressure)
动力变质作用(dynamic metamorphism) 动态重结晶 (dynamic recrystallization) 断层岩(fault rock)
堆积后的晶体(postcumulus crystals) 堆晶(cumulus crystals) 堆晶结构(cumulate texture): 盾形火山(shielled volcano) 惰性组分(inert components
)
E
鲕粒 (ooid)
二长花岗岩(monzonite granite) 二长岩(monzonite)
F
反应边(reaction rim) 反应边结构(reaction rim texture) 反应等变线(reaction isograd) 反应结构(reaction texture) 泛流玄武岩(flood basalt) 放射虫岩(radiolarite) 放射鲕 (radial ooid) 霏细结构(felsitic texture) 沸石相 (zeolite facies)
分离结晶作用(fractional crystallization) 分离作用(fractionation) 分凝(segregation) 分选度(sorting) 分选作用(sorting) 分异作用(differentiation ) 粉砂岩(siltstone)
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粪团粒(fecal pellet) 风暴流(storm current)
风成交错层(wind-dune cross-bedding) 缝合线(stylolites) 浮岩(pumice) 俯冲作用(subduction) 负鲕 (negative ooid) 负荷压力(lithostatic pressure) 复变质岩(polymetamorphic rock) 复成分砾岩(polymict conglomerate) 复成分粘土岩(polygenic claystone) 复鲕 (compound ooid)
副变质岩(parametamorphite)
富集地幔 (fertile mantle) 富集型地幔(enriched mantle) 富集型洋中脊玄武岩( E-MORB ) 富铁岩(iron-rich rocks)
G
钙硅酸盐角岩(calc-silicate hornfels) 钙硅酸盐粒岩(calc-silicate fels) 钙碱性系列(calc-alkiline series) 钙质(calcareous)
钙质长石砂岩(calcareous feldspathic arenite)干酪根(kerogen) 橄榄安粗岩(mugaerite) 橄榄粗安岩(mugeariite)。 港湾结构(embayed texture)
高地(月球上的) (high land) 高岭石粘土岩(kaolinitic clayston) 高铝玄武岩(high-alumina basalt) 高热变质作用(pyrometamorphism) 高原玄武岩(plateau basalt ) 根痕构造(root traces) 更长环斑花岗岩(rapakivite) 共生分析(paragenesis analysis) 共生相标志(syngenetic facies indicator) 共轴增生 (syntaxial overgrowth) 构造(structure)
构造超压(tectonic overpressure)
构造角砾岩(tectonic breccia) 构造砾岩(tectonic conglomerate) 孤立组分(indifferent components) 古成体(paleosome)
古登堡不连续面(Gutenberg Continuity) 固定组分(fixed components) 固结 solidified 固溶体分解曲线(solvus) 冠状体(corona) 硅板岩(lydite) 硅华(geyserite) 硅化 (silification)
硅镁质盆地(ensimatic basin) 硅藻软泥(diatomaceous ooze) 硅藻岩(diatomite)
硅质岩(siliceous rocks 或 silicastone) 过渡型洋中脊玄武岩(T-MORB) 过渡性支撑(transitional support) 过钾质 (perpotassic)
过滤分异或压滤分异作用(filter pressing) 过剩组分(excess components)
H
骸晶(skeleton crystal)
海绿石石英砂岩(glauconitic quartzarenite) 海绵岩(spangolite)
含磷岩(phospho-rus-bearing rocks) 核形石 (oncolite) 黑曜岩(obsidian)
黑云母安山岩(biotite- andesite) 横交结构(diablastic texture) 后成合晶(symplectite) 弧内盆地 (intra-arc basin) 花斑结构(graphophyric texture) 花斑岩(granophyre) 花岗斑岩(granite-porphyry)
花岗变晶多边形结构(granoblastic-polygonal texture) 花岗变晶多缝合结构(granoblastic-polysutured texture) 花岗变晶结构(granoblastic texture)
花岗闪长斑(玢)岩(granodiorite-porphyrite)
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