课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2019·河北省普高质监)Martha Graham，born in 1894，was one of the most famous dancers and creators of dance，whose influence on dance has been compared with the influence Picasso had on the modern visual arts.Stravinsky had on music，or Frank Lloyd Wright had on architecture.She created almost two hundred dance pieces.She is often called the Mother of Modern Dance.
Earlier in her life，however，Martha did not know that she would become a dancer.At that time，the dancers were looked down on.So Martha's parents didn't approve of her desire to dance at the beginning.Until 1916，she began her studies at the newly created Denishawn School of Dancing and Related Arts，founded by Ruth St.Denis and Ted Shawn，where Graham worked very hard to improve her ability to dance because she was considered too old to begin dancing.
In 1936，Graham made her defining work，“Chronicle”，which signaled the beginning of a new era in modern dance.The dance brought serious issues to the stage for the general public in a dramatic manner.Influenced by the Wall Street Crash of 1929，the Great Depression that followed，and the Spanish Civil War，it focused on depression and isolation，reflected in the dark nature of both the set and costumes. Graham continued to dance past the age of seventy.Once again，she was met with criticism from people who came to watch her shows.But she didn't give up.Her last completed ballet was 1990's Maple Leaf Rag.“A Dancer's World” is an introduction to Graham and her work.She tells about her dances and her dance group shows some of their methods.
Martha Graham received many awards during her lifetime，including the Presidential Medal of Freedom in nineteen seventy－six.She was the first dancer to receive the country's highest civilian honor.She died in 1991 at the age of ninety－six.In 1998，Time magazine listed her as the “Dancer of the Century” and as one of the most important people of the twentieth century.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了现代舞之母玛莎·格兰姆的故事和她所取得的成就。
1．Some famous artists mentioned in Paragraph 1 show Martha Graham ________.
A．was influenced greatly by them B．kept in touch with them regularly C．had a great effect on modern dance D．liked to make more friends with them
【答案】 C 推理判断题。第一段中将玛莎·格兰姆的影响和其他的一些伟大的人物相比，暗示她的影响也非常大，故最佳答案为C。 2．Why didn't Martha's parents approve of her desire to dance at first? A．She was too old to learn American dance. B．American dance was seen as a lower art form. C．There was no academic school to teach dancing. D．Her family was too poor to afford her tuition.
【答案】 B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的第二句At that time，the dancers were looked down on舞蹈家在那时是被看不起的，暗示舞蹈在当时是一种地位较低的艺术形式，故最佳答案为B。
3．When Martha Graham continued to dance in her 70s，she ________. A．was warmly welcomed by the youth B．achieved huge success once again C．received many awards for her age D．was attacked by people
【答案】 D 细节理解题。根据第四段中的第一、二句Graham continued to dance past the age of seventy.Once again，she was met with criticism from people who came to watch her shows.知她70岁演出时，她受到了一些人的批评，可知她
受到了一些人的攻击，故最佳答案为D。 4．The text is mainly about ________. A．the background of modern dance in America B．the development of modern dance in America C．Martha Graham and her achievements in dance D．the awards Martha Graham won in her life
【答案】 C 主旨大意题。根据文章的内容，是按时间顺序叙述了现代舞之母玛莎·格兰姆的一生以及她在舞蹈方面的成就，故最佳答案为C。
B
(2019·潍坊模拟)Simone was born in Ohio，but grew up in Texas.Early on，she and her siblings(兄妹)were adopted by her grandparents，who she says support her in everything.She first realized she wanted to be a gymnast at the age of 6 when she and her classmates went on a field trip to a local gym.A coach at the gym saw her natural talent and wrote a letter to her grandparents urging them to get her involved.The sport she signed up for “for fun” soon turned into her life's enthusiasm.
Simone is energetic，so it's no surprise that she's got a few medals in her time.Her ten world gold medals are the most ever achieved by a woman in gymnastics history.She is also the first woman to win four medals at the same World Championships，which happened in her second year performing in 2014.
In 2015 Simone became the first gymnast to win three constant all－around titles at the World Gymnastic Championships.She even amazed herself，telling the interviewer “ I_blew_my_own_mind. ” and posting to social media “breaking history is kind of cool.”
What surprised everyone most though，was that she was performing perfectly as she usually does—her skill is so beyond everyone else that she can't be beaten even when she trips up!
【语篇解读】 考查人物传记类文章。本文主要介绍了Simone作为一位体操运动员的过人之处及其伟大成就。
5．What does the first paragraph mainly talk about? A．Simone's early experience. B．Simone's sports life.
C．Simone's gymnastics coach. D．Simone's family.
【答案】 A 主旨大意题。第一段描述了西蒙娜的出生及家庭状况，以及她在体操方面的天赋被发现，这些都属于她的早期生活经历。故选A项。 6．What is Simone's greatest achievement? A．She got four gold medals at the Olympic Games. B．She won the first woman championship in gymnastics. C．She won ten world gold medals in gymnastics history. D．She got the first gold medal at the World Championships.
【答案】 C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的第二句“Her ten world gold medals are the most ever achieved by a woman in gymnastics history.”她的十枚世界金牌是体操史上有史以来女子获得最多的金牌。可知她的最大的成就就是获得的十枚世界金牌。故选C项。
7．What does the phrase “I blew my own mind” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．I lost heart. C．I tried my best.
B．I was beaten. D．I surprised myself.
【答案】 D 此题属于猜测词义中的依据语境推测猜测词义。答案需要推断I surprised myself.和amazed herself的关系。 8．What purpose is the passage written for? A．To make readers interested in great gym players. B．To praise Simone for her skills and Olympic spirits. C．To list Simone's gold medals in the World Cups. D．To give brief introduction to Simone's achievements.
【答案】 D 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了Simone作为一
位体操运动员的伟大成就。B和C项是细节，故选D项。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2016·课标卷Ⅰ)Secret codes(密码)keep messages private.Banks，companies，and government agencies use secret codes in doing business，especially when information is sent by computer.
People have used secret codes for thousands of years.__1__ Code breaking never lags(落后)far behind code making.The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.
There are three main types of cryptography.__2__ For example，the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels”spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”
__3__ You might represent each letter with a number，for example.Let's number the letters of the alphabet，in order，from 1 to 26.If we substitute a number for each letter，the message “Meet me”would read “13 5 20 13 5.”
A code uses symbols to replace words，phrases，or sentences.To read the message of a real code，you must have a code book.__4__ For example，“bridge”might stand for “meet”and “out”might stand for “me”．The message “Bridge out”would actually mean “Meet me.”__5__ However，it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long.So codes must be changed frequently.
A．It is very hard to break a code without the code book. B．In any language，some letters are used more than others. C．Only people who know the keyword can read the message. D．As long as there have been codes，people have tried to break them. E．You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out. F．With a code book，you might write down words that would stand for other words.
G．Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。介绍了密码的用途、历史以及三种密码方式。
2020版高三英语一轮复习人教版必修四 Unit 1 课时作业
