第一章 绪论 习题
1、找出下列可以形成分子内氢键的化合物,可以形成分子间氢键的化合物,可以与水形成氢键的化合物,各画出一种氢键的结构:
CH3CCH3(1) CH3CHO (2) CH3CH2OH (3)
OHOHO
(4) CH3CH2OCH2CH3 (5) HOCH2CH2OH (6)
ONH2CH3N
CH3(7)
(8) CH3CH2CH2CH2NH2 (9)
2、判断下列分子中,同种分子间存在的一种最强作用力: (1) CH3CHO (2) CH3CH2OH (3) CH3CH2Br
CH3CH2CHCH2CH3O(4)CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3
CH3(5)
NH2 (6)
CH3
(7)
(8)
3、说明下列化合物中官能团名称,指出下列化合物所属类别:
NH2O(1) CH3CH2CH2CH2NH2 (2)
(3)
CH3CH2CHCH2CH3(4) CH3CH2CH
ClCHCH3 (5)
CH3 (6) CH3CHO
OHCH3(7)
(8) CH3CH2COOH (9)
OHOCH3(10) CH3CH2OCH2CH3 (11)
(12)
4、根据反应物与产物,判断下列反应的类型:
CH3CCH3CH3CHCH3OH(1)
O
CH3CH2CHCHCH3CH3CH2CHCHCH3ClCl(2)
OHBr
(3)
CHO
CH2OH(4)
OHO(5)
ClCN
(6)
5、判断下列化合物是否是极性分子,画出极性分子的偶极距方向:
BrCHOHH3CCH3CH3CCClH3CC(1)
H (2) Cl (3)
CH3CH3
CHO(4)
(5)
CH3CH2CCCH2CH3 (6) CH3CH2OCH2CH3
CH3CH2CHCH3(7)
CH3CH2CCCH2CH2Cl (8)
CH3
第二章 烷烃与环烷烃 习题
1、用系统命名法命名下列化合物:
CH2CH3CH3CH2CHCHCH3CH2CH3CH3CH2CH2CHCH2CHCH3(1)
CH2CH3 (2)
C(CH3)3