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An Investigation Report中英对照

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I. Reading Task A

Pre-reading questions:

1. In your mind, who prefer to the use of computers, men or women? 在你的观念里,谁更喜欢使用电脑,男士还是女士? 你觉得,谁更喜欢使用电脑,男性还是女性?

2. If women are less accessible to the informational technologies, what are the

reasons? 是什么原因让女性对信息技术敬而远之?

3. What can we do to encourage women in the use of them? 我们可以做些什么来鼓励女性使用通信技术?

An Investigation: Gender Inequality on the Technological

Highway1

一份科技之路上性别不平等的调查 Introduction 前言

1 This paper presents some data from a survey of Open University undergraduate students carried out early in 1998. The data was analyzed by gender and demonstrates some significant gender inequa-lities in access to, and use of, information and communication technologies (ICTs) both in the work and domestic context. These media are proposed as main delivery and support media for adult students. Gender inequality is therefore of serious concern.

本文介绍了早在1998年初对开放大学本科生进行调查的一些数据。这些数据通过分析性别,演示了不同性别无论是在工作还是家庭中获取和使用信息以及信息技术时那种明显的不平等情况。这些媒体是成人学生主要的支付以及支持媒体。因此,性别不平等成为其密切关注的对象。

2 It is difficult to get reliable data about use and access to ICTs in the home. The data reported here is useful because Open University students are representative of 'middle' Britain. They are overwhelmingly middle-aged: between 35-55, they tend to come from lower-middle income jobs, are more likely to come from the South and from urban areas. Data from this group therefore gives some indication of what the similar population might be experiencing nationally. This is the population who traditionally have pursued adult and continuing education through a variety of means and providers.

家庭使用通信技术数据的获取是非常困难的。这里报道的数据是非常有用的,因为开放大学的学生代表了英国的中产阶级。他们在中年人(35-55岁之间)中占绝对的优势,他们常常来自于低中收入工作者,更有可能来自于南部和城市地区。这组数据由此给出了一些指示:在全国范围内,类似的人口可能都会有此经历。

要想在家庭中掌握使用和获取信息技术的可靠数据是非常困难的。这里报到的数据是非常有用的,因为开放大学的学生代表了英国的中层阶级。他们绝大多数是35-55岁的中年人,很有可能是来自于南部和城区的中低收入人群。由此这组数据给出了一些提示:有相同经历的人可能遍布全国。这是历来通过各种手段推行成人和继续教育的人群 The survey 调查

1

3 A survey was mailed to 4,000 OU undergraduate students early 1998. 2,340 were completed and returned, and it is this number that is the basis for this survey analysis. Of those returning questionnaires 1,220 (52%) were women and 1,120 men. Men were more likely to be on maths, science and technology courses than women, but this analysis does not look at students on different courses, it is only interested in overall gender differences.

在1998年初,一份问卷调查发给了开放大学的4000名本科生。其中,2340名学生完成并寄回了这份调查,这也是这份调查分析的基础。在这些寄回的问卷中,1220(52%)为女性,1120为男性。男性在数学和科学与技术领域的可能比女性要感兴趣,但是这项分析并不注重不同的课程,仅关心总体上的性别差异。 在1998年初,4000名开放大学的本科生收到了一份问卷调查。有2340名学生完成并寄回了这么调查,并且成为了此次调查分析的基础。寄回的调查问卷中,有1220名女性,约占52%,有1120名男性。相比女性,男性更愿意选择数学,科学和技术这类的课程。不过这项分析注重的是整体的性别差异,而不是学生们的不同课程。

Computer access for men and women 男性与女性拥有电脑的数量

4 1,842 respondents had computer access at home or/and work, this is 79% of all respondents. This is a high figure because the OU encourages all students to use computers, and on some courses makes them compulsory. This figure should not therefore be taken as a good representation of access in the general population. OU students are privileged with reports to ICT access, but women less than men, as Figure 1 illustrate.

调查中,1842名学生在家里或者(和)工作处都有电脑,占所有调查对象的79%。这是一项很高的数据因为开放大学鼓励所有的学生使用电脑,并且一些课程必须使用电脑。这项数据由此不能够被作为一般人群拥有电脑数量的有效数据。开放大学学生汇报给Icts(信息和通信技术)的数据具有特殊性,但是正如表一列举的,女性少于男性。

1842名受访者在家里或者(和)工作单位都拥有电脑,大约占所有受访者的79%。这是一个很高的数字,因为开放性大学鼓励所有的学生使用电脑。而且在一些课程中,他们必修计算机。因此,这项数字不应该被当作一般人群拥有电脑的代表性的数据。开放性大学的学生在向ICT汇报时具有特殊性,但是就如图1所显示的女性少于男性。

OU acceOU access to computers

5 Figure 1 shows that more men had access both at home and at work than women. The gender gap

home

work2

is roughly 10%. 78% of men but only 67% of women had access at home, 38% of men and 27% of women had access at work, and 26% of women and 16% of men had no access. The data therefore identifies a situation of unequal access to ICT hardware.

表一显示了男性在家里和工作上拥有电脑的都要多于女性。性别差大概在10%左右。78%的男性在家里有电脑,但是女性只有67%;38%的男性和27%的女性上班有电脑;以及,26%的女性和16%的男性没有电脑。这项数据展示了拥有Icts(信息和通信技术)硬件具有差异的情况。

图1显示了不管在家里还是在工作单位,男性拥有电脑的比例都要高于女性。这种性别的差异在10%左右。男性在家中拥有电脑的比例为78%,而女性只有67%。而男性在工作单位拥有电脑的比例为38。而有26%的女性和16%的男性没有电脑。因此这项数据指出了拥有ICT硬件不平等的一种情况。

Electronic communication 电子交流

6 It is the potential of electronic communication which ICTs offer that open new possibilities for adult and continuing education. Once men and women have equal access to the technology will their access to its facilities be equal? 电子交流是存在可能性的,因为Icts(信息和通信技术)为成年人和继续教育提供公开的可能性。一旦男人和女人拥有一样的技术,他们拥有的设备会是一样的吗?

电子通信是可能存在的,因为ICTs为成人和继续教育提供了一个新的开放的可能性。一旦男性和女性拥有同样的技术,那么他们拥有的设备是否也会一样?

7 Students who had computer access were asked: ?Have you used a computer at home or at work for networked communications?? 42% of women and 60% of men replied that they did so. (Figure 2) This is a significantly large gender difference. Overall this is only 32% of all women respondents and 50% of all men.

拥有电脑的同学被问及,“你会在家里或工作时使用电脑来网络交流吗?”时,42%的女性和60%的男性回答是肯定的(表二)。这是一项数据的性别差相当大。这一项女性数量占所有调查者的32%,男性占50%。

当有电脑的学生被问及,“你会在家中或者工作中使用电脑来进行网络交流吗?”的时候,有42%的女性和60%的男性会给予肯定的回复(图2)。这是一个非常明显的性别差异。总之,女性在这项数据中只占总人数的32%,而男性占有50%。

8 It is interesting to explore this in more detail, since many proponents of ICTs as good technologies for women's use have argued that women spend more of their time than men in social communication and the facilities for doing this electronically will appeal to them. This data does not support this argument.

有趣的是去探索更详细的信息,有许多Icts(信息和通信技术)的支持者在女性使用好技术上存在差异,因为女性花比男性更多的时间在社交和对她们有吸引力的电子设备上。这项数据并不能支持这个争议。

通过更多的细节去探索这项调查是一件有趣的事情。因为许多ICTs的支持者,

3

An Investigation Report中英对照

I.ReadingTaskAPre-readingquestions:1.Inyourmind,whoprefertotheuseofcomputers,menorwomen?在你的观念里,谁更喜欢使用电脑,男士还是女士?你觉得,谁更喜欢使用电脑,男性还是女性?2.Ifwomenarelessac
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