v1.0 可编辑可修改 看到a lot,就选择了A。其实,该句中的a lot是用来修饰形容词的比较级more的,than引导的是比较状语从句。正确答案为D。
6. “Excuse me, are you _______ ” “No, we are _______. ”
A. American, Englishman B. American, Germans C. American, Germen
D. Englishman, Americans
【解析】先从词性来看,American 和 German 既可以用作名词也可以用作形容词,用作名词时,其复数形式分别为Americans 和 Germans;选项中的Englishman只能用作名词,其复数形式是Englishmen。
先看第一空:如果单从Excuse me, are you _______来看,要是填Englishman,就应该在其前加不定冠词,即说成Excuse me, are you an Englishman 但是,根据答语中的 we are…可知,问句中的you 其实是指“你”,而是指“你们”,所以如果用Englishman,就应换成 Englishmen 才对。由此可排除选项D。
再看第二空:由于German的复数是Germans,不是Germen,由此可确定C错误;再根据we are…可知,其后若用名词Englishman,必须要用复数Englishmen,而不能是单数,所以排除A。
所以此题答数为B。 二.冠词
冠词分为不定冠词(a, an),定冠词(the),和零冠词。
I. 不定冠词的用法:
1 指一类人或事,相当于a kind of A plane is a machine that can fly. 66666
v1.0 可编辑可修改 2 3 4 第一次提及某人某物,非特指 表示“每一”相当于every,one 表示“相同”相当于the same 用于人名前,表示不认识此人或与某名A boy is waiting for you. We study eight hours a day. We are nearly of an age. A Mr. Smith came to visit you when you were out That boy is rather a Lei Feng. A couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, 5 人有类似性质的人或事 6 用于固定词组中 have a walk, many a time 用于quite, rather, many, half, 7 what, such之后 8 II. 定冠词的用法:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 表示某一类人或物 用于世上独一无二的事物名词前 用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后 This room is rather a big one. She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet. The horse is a useful animal. the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean Would you mind opening the door play the violin, play the guitar the reach, the living, the wounded the Greens, the Wangs He is the taller of the two children. the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French The compass was invented in China. in the 1990’s I hired the car by the hour. 表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事 用于乐器前面 用于形容词和分词前表示一类人 表示“一家人”或“夫妇” 用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前 用于国家党派等以及江河湖海,山川群岛的名8 词前 9 10 11 用于表示发明物的单数名词前 在逢十的复数数词之前,指世纪的某个年代 用于表示单位的名词前 用于方位名词,身体部位名词,及表示时间的12 词组前 77777
He patted me on the shoulder. v1.0 可编辑可修改 III.
零冠词的用法: 专有名词,物质名词,抽象名词,人名地名等名1 词前 名词前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, I want this book, not that one. / Whose 2 every等限制 3 4 5 6 季节,月份,星期,节假日,一日三餐前 表示职位,身份,头衔的名词前 学科,语言,球类,棋类名词前 与by连用表示交通工具的名词前 purse is this March, Sunday, National Day, spring Lincoln was made President of America. He likes playing football/chess. by train, by air, by land husband and wife, knife and fork, day and 7 以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时 night 8 表示泛指的复数名词前
IV.冠词易错题分析
1. A spaceship flies at about eleven kilometers _______ second. A. /
B. the C. a
D. an
Horses are useful animals. Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air 【解析】此题容易误选B。这是由于思维定势引起的,很多同学认为这里的second是序数词,前面应该用定冠词the修饰。其实,second是“秒”的意思。正确答案为C。
2. _______ India and China are of _______ same continent. A. /; the B. The ; the
C. /; / D. /; a
【解析】此题容易误选D。这是由于受汉语思维的影响造成的,因为译成汉语时这句话的意思是“印度和中国在同一个大洲”,汉语里说“同一个”,在英语中要说“the same”,这就是此题的陷阱所在。正确答案为A。 88888
v1.0 可编辑可修改 3. 乘飞机去北京花了史密斯一家人一个小时。
[误] It takes Smiths a hour to go to Beijing by a plane. [正] It takes the Smiths an hour to go to Beijing by plane. [析] 1.表示“……一家人”用结构“the + 姓氏复数”;
一词的第一个字母不发音,它是以元音音素开头的,所以“一小时”要用 an hour; 3.用介词by表示“乘坐”某种交通工具时,交通工具名词前不加任何冠词。
三. 代词:
I. 代词可以分为以下七大类:
主格 1 人称代词 宾格 形容词my, your, his, her, its, our, their 2 物主代词 性 名词性 mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, 3 反身代词 yourselves, themselves 4 指示代词 5 疑问代词 6 关系代词 this, that, these, those, such, some who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whichever, whatever that, which, who, whom, whose, as one/ some/ any, each/ every, none/ no, many/ much, few/ little/ 7 不定代词 a few/ a little, other/ another, all/ both, neither/ either II. 不定代词用法注意点: 99999
me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they v1.0 可编辑可修改
1. one, some与any:
1) one可以泛指任何人,也可特指,复数为ones。some多用于肯定句,any多用于疑问句
和否定句。
One should learn to think of others.
Have you any bookmarks No, I don’t have any bookmarks. I have some questions to ask.
2) some可用于疑问句中,表示盼望得到肯定的答复,或者表示建议,请求等。
Would you like some bananas Could you give me some money
3) some 和any修饰可数名词单数时,some表示某个,any表示任何一个。
I have read this article in some magazine. Please correct the mistakes, if any.
4) some和数词连用表示“大约”,any可与比较级连用表示程度。
There are some 3,000 students in this school. Do you feel any better today
2. each和every:
each强调个别,代表的数可以是两个或两个以上,而every强调整体,所指的数必须是三个或三个以上。
Each student has a pocket dictionary. / Each (of us) has a dictionary. / We each have a dictionary.
Every student has strong and weak points. / Every one of us has strong and weak 1010101010