第二讲（Module 2）
I.学习目标
1.复习Module 2 的重点单词、短语和句型 2.复习语法一般现在时的被动语态。
II. 重点、难点分析
一、入门一测－－首字母填空
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Tom goes to look for t with Huck.
He wants to be an artist when he g up The old man has been d for five years. We are very p to see him again.
The woman died. Her f will be held the day after tomorrow.
二、重点短语
1. get sth. right 清楚无误地了解某事 2. as far as … 就……来说 3. not…any more 不再 4. think about 考虑 5. be influenced by 受到……影响 6. millions of 数百万的
7. for example 例如 8. be known as 作为……而出名 9. in fact 事实上 10. run away 潜逃
11. in the middle of 在……的中间 12. look for treasure 寻找宝藏 13. get lost 迷路 14. for a time 暂时，一度
15. be surprised to do sth 对做某事感到惊讶 16. be pleased to do sth 对做某事感到高兴
17.be pleased with sth./sb对某事/某人感到高兴/满意 18.prefer to do sth. 更喜欢做某事 19.prefer sth./doing sth. to sth./doing sth. 与某物/做某事相比,更喜欢某物/做某事 20.prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁可做某事也不要做某事
21. be to do with 与……有关 22. grow up 成长
23. talk about 谈论 24. be punished for sth 由于某事而受罚 25. everyday English 日常英语 26. be thought to be 被认为是 27. in American literature 在美国文学中 28. in the 19th century 在19世纪
三．重点知识点讲解
1.As far as I remember, it was started by Becky Wang. 考点1 as far as.. 表示“至于， 就…”
eg: As far as we know, the plane will arrive at 5.据我们所知，飞机将在5点到达。 as far as 表程度或范围，意为“就…来说” As far as I know, she is an English. 就我所知，她是英国人 He will return the bike as soon as he finishes it. 他一用完自行车就将归还。 引导时间状语从句，意为as soon as “一…… 就…… ”主句用一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时代替将来时。 as long as 引导条件状语从句，“只要” We’ll go as loon as the weather is good .只要天气好我们就去。 拓展：as far as 还可意为“像……那么远的 远达……”。As ＋adj.\\ adv.（原形）＋as,表示同级比较，意为“和……一样……”.
eg: The little boy can walk as far as the bus stop.这个男孩能走到车站那么远。
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English is as interesting as Chinese.英语和汉主一样有趣。
2.I’m thinking about starting it again. 考点2 think about ＋v.ing
3.Mark Twain was an important writer, but he isn’t known as a great thinker like Confucius. 1.be known as... 表示“作为……而出名/闻名,被认为是……”相当于 be thought to be
2.注意与be known as, be known for 和be known to 的区别 考点3 3. be known as作为……而出名/闻名，被认为是…… 4. be known for “因……而闻名
5. be known to “为人所熟知
4.Everyone is surprised to see him but they’re also pleased to see him alive. 1. be surprised to do sth对做某事感到惊讶 考点4 2. be pleased to do sth 对做某事感到高兴
3. be pleased with sth./sb对某事/某人感到高兴/满意
5.The themes of the story are to do with children growing up and becoming more serious. ①.be \\have to do with sb. \\ sth. 表示“和某人\\某事有关。”
考点5
②grow up “成长；长大”
6. We don’t have a school magazine any more.
①not… any more I“不再，再也不”，相当于no more, 常表示数量或次数不再增加，
考点6 瞬间动词连用。
②.具有相同意义的词组还有 not….any longer 和 no longer 7. millions of数百万的，几百万的
①million 可修饰名词，当前面有数字表示确切的数目时，它的词尾就不可以加-s.且不能与of， 连用；之前没有具体的数字时，要用复数，且要用of 连用。
考点7 ②当million 前有some、a few、several 等不定量的词修饰时，既可用millions of,也可直接
的用million。 但many与million连用时，多用many millions of 形式。
【注意与million用法类似的还有：hundred (百),thousand（千） ,billion（十亿）】
【EX.1】选择填空
( ) 1. The foreigners enjoyed themselves in Jiuzhaigou and they were all with the trip.
A. pleasant B. pleased C. angry D. strict
（ ）2.Deng Yaping is known __________________ a famous Pingpong player.
A. to B. as C. for （ ）3.Basketball is so popular a game in the world that __________ people play it for fun and exercise. A. million of B. millions of C. millions D. two millions of ( )4. Betty is thinking about _________ a school magazine.
A. start B. starting C. started
( ) 5. Lu Xun is known not only a great writer but also a great thinker.
A. to B. for C. with D. as
( )6. Miss Wang can remember, she hasn’t met the girl before.
A. As well as B. As long as C. As good as D. As far as
( ) 7. — What do you want to be when you ?— An astronaut.
A. take up B. come up C. grow up D. get up
( )8. All Chinese middle school students in the countryside won’t have to pay for school .
A. any more B. no more C. so far D. no longer
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四、词语辨析
1. wise adj. “睿智的”、“明智的”、“贤明的”、“英明的”（wiser-wisest） (1).wise，clever，bright和smart的区别：三者都有“聪明的”之意 (2).clever 是普通用词，应用范围广，着重指头脑灵活。 考点1 (3).bright通常指年轻人或小孩的“聪明的，机警的”，多用于口语中。bright还有“明亮的”的意思。 (4).wise主要指人在行为、言语、计划等方面的知识经验丰富且判断力正确。意为“博学的、有智慧的、有远见的，有知识的”。 (5)smart 意为 “聪明的”强调顽皮。 2. dead adj. 死的
（1）注意与“死”有关的几个词dead, die, death，dying的区别
考点2 （2）death是名词，意为“死，死亡”。如：the death of his dog 他的狗之死
（3）dying 既是动词die的-ing形式，也是形容词，意为“快要死的，垂死的”。
【易错点】词性混淆不清；在和表示时间段的状语连用时，混淆die 和dead的使用。 3.prefer的用法
（1）常用做及物动词，意为“更喜欢”，在prefer的后面可以接名词、动名词、动词不定式 考点3 或从句做宾语。
（2）还可以和to连用，构成短语prefer…to…意为“与…相比，更喜欢……” 【易错点拔】
1.prefer to do 更喜欢做....
prefer 2.prefer＋ 名词＼ doing ＋to ＋名词＼doing 比起某事＼做某事更喜欢某物＼做某事 3.prefer to do …\\rather than do 宁愿做…也不愿… 4.a little和a bit （of）的区别
（1）a little和a bit （of）可用来修饰不可数名词。 考点4（2）not a bit 相当于not at all , 意为“一点儿也不”；not a little相当于very(much)\\extremely
意为“非常”。
【零失误简记】a bit 意为有点儿，修饰名词进需用a bit of . a little 有点儿童 not a bit 一点儿也不；
not a little “非常”（＝very）
5.辩析take , cost, pay 与spend 单词 take cast spend pay 常用句型 sth. cost sb. ＋ money （3） （4） （5） pay...for 中文意思 (2) 花……做某事 (6) (1) 做某事花了某人 …时间 6. living, lively与alive 的用法
（1）alive 意为“活着的； 在世上的”，只做表语， 多用于人。
考点6 （2）living是形容词，意为“ 活着的”，可做表语或定语。做表语时，与alive用法相近，
做定语时，放在所修饰词之前。
（ 3）lively是形容词，意为“活泼的，有生气的”可做定语或表语。
【零失误简记】注意alive同义词的用法。
【EX.2】1.用a bit , a little , a bit of的适当形式填空 (1)There ia _________milk in the bottle. (2)It is __________cold today.
(3)He has ___________rice in his bowl.
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2.用take, cost, spend 或pay的适当形式填空
(1)We_______ six hours playing the piano yesterday. (2)---How much is your IPad?---It ________me 3,800＄ (3)How much did you __________for your bag? (4)It _________me a month to finish the project.
(5)Peter__________ two hours on his homework tomorrow. 3.句型转换
（1）It took me half an hour to do my homework.
______________________________________________________ （2）He wasn’t a little hungry.
______________________________________________________ （3）He wasn’t a bit hungry.
______________________________________________________ （4）The bicycle cost me 300 yuan.
______________________________________________________ 4.选择填空
( )(1) Eddie and Nancy __________ for ten months.
A. have died B. died C. have been dead
( )(2) The doctor __________ a ____________ boy yesterday.
A. had saved, dying B. saved, dead C. has saved, dead D. saved, dying
( )(3)What a heavy rain! –so it is. I prefer _____at home_____ on such a rainy day.(2009年扬州)
A. watch TV; to go out B. watch TV; go out C. watching TV; to going out D. to watch TV; going out
( )（4）The old woman bought a (n)_____fish and some meat.
A. live B. alive C. living D. A or C （ ）（5）The boy_________in a village .He is very _________.
A. live; living B. alive; live C. lives; lively D. lives; alive
五、语法精析
什么叫时态与语态？
时态是动作反生的各种状态和时间，即动词的各种变幻形式
语态是说主语的承受谓语动词动作的还是发出谓语动词动作的。（就是说这个动作的人会不会做这件事，即被动还是主动）。 一般现在时的被动语态句型：
【用法】被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。 1.被动语态的基本结构：助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词
一般现在时的被动语态的句子结构：主语+ am/is/are ＋及物动词的过去分词+ （by sb.） Chinese is spoken by many people. 主语Chinese是动词speak的承受者。
否定句：主语＋am/is/are ＋ not＋及物动词的过去分词＋（by sb.）＋其他
如：Rice isn’t grown in winter in the north.
一般疑问句：am/is/are ＋主语＋及物动词的过去分词＋（by sb.）＋其他？
如：Is rice grown in winter in the north?
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ am/is/are ＋主语＋及物动词的过去分词＋（by sb.）＋其他？ 2.被动语态中的特殊情况：
1.不及物动词带介词和介词宾语时，在变为被动语态时，仍然要带上介词。
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eg. The students listen to the teacher carefully in class.
被动句：The teacher is listened to carefully by the students in class.
2.当动词带有复合宾语(有宾补), 并且宾补是省去“to”的动词不定式时，在被动语态中应加上“to”（这些动词真奇怪，主动句中to 离开，被动句中to回 来。（let ，have ，make，feel，see ,watch, hear, notice…)
eg. They make us do all the work.
被动句：We are made to do all the work by them
3.当动词带双宾语时(一个宾语是指人，一个是指物)，将其中指人的宾语提前作被动句的主语时，另一个宾语按顺序照抄下来；如是将指物的宾语提前作被动句的主语，在被动句中则指人宾语前应加“to”或“for” 。常见加to的动词有give，send, teach，write, show, pass, ask, tell…常见加for的动词有make, draw, buy…
eg：He gives me a flower everyday.
被动1 I am given a flower by him everyday. 被动2 A flower is given to me by him everyday. 【EX.3】1.将下列句子变为被动句。 （1）Li Lei listens to his father carefully.
（2）Everyone likes the song.
（3）Does Kate sometimes break glasses?
（4）What does the teacher often tell the boys to do ? （5）How many desks do they buy every term?
2.选择填空
( )（1） Driving after drinking wine in China. (2011陕西)
A. allows B. doesn’t allow C. is allowed D. isn’t allowed ( )（2）Trees every year to make our city greener. (2011广西南宁)
A. plant B. are planted C. were planted D. will be planted ( )（3）—Mum, can I go to the zoo with Linda?
—When your homework , you can. (2011广东深圳)
A. is finished B. was finished C. finishes D. finished （ ）（4）It to drive after drinking wine. (2011重庆)
A. is allowed B. is not allowed C. is made D. is welcomed （ ）（5）If I___-,I will go to the party this evening.
A. invite B. invited C. will be invited D. am invited 3.用所给的词适当形式填空。
(1)We _________(not have )a school magazine any more. （2）I’m thinking about (start) it again.
(3)Shakespeare’s plays ____________(see)by millions of people every year. (4)Why don’t you__________(write)the first article on “Great Books”. (5)His plays ____________(know) all over the world.
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初三英语上第二讲分解
