英语单词发音规则 开闭音节的概念
开音节
1）以发音的元音字母结尾的单节。 例：be，he。
2）以辅音字母（r 除外）+不发音的e结尾的音节。 例：make，like。 * 在重读的开音节中元音字母按字母名称读音。
闭音节
以一个或几个辅音字母（r 除外）结尾而中间只有一个元音字母的音节，称为闭音节。例：map，desk，is。
* 在重读的闭音节中元音字母读做短元音。
一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音 元音字母 读音例词
a 在开音节中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake 在闭音节中 [?] bag dad hat map black back e 在开音节中 [i:] he these me Chinese 在闭音节中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg
i 在开音节中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite 在闭音节中 [i] fish big drink sit milk swim o 在开音节中 [ou] those close go hoe home no 在闭音节中 [C] clock not box shop sock
u 在开音节中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday 在闭音节中 [∧] bus cup jump much lunch 在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音，例如：June blue ruler super
二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音 元音字母 读音例词
a [E]E China another woman breakfast [i] orange comrade village cabbage e [E] hundred student open weekend [i] chicken pocket begin children
i [E]/[i] holiday beautiful family animal [ai] exercise satellite
o [E] second tonight somebody welcome [Eu] also zero photo u [E] autumn difficult
[ju:] popular congratulation January
动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如：operate
u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读[u(:)]音，例如：July influence February issue
在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[E]音，也可以读作[i]音。
三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音 元音字母 读音例词
a在[w]音后面 [C] want what watch wash quality
a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 [α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father
i在-nd -ld和gh前 [ai] find child light high o在-st -ld前 [ou] most postcard old cold o在m n v th前 [∧] come monkey love mother
四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音 元音字组 读音例词 ar
ar在[w]音后面 [α:] car farm dark sharpener [C:] warm quarter towards or
or在[w]音后面 [C:] forty morning short [E:] word worker worse
er ir ur [E:] certainly bird Thursday
辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。 例如： carry sorry hurry -r音节在非重读音节中通常读[E]音，例如：dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday
五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音 元音字组 读音例词
are [εE] care dare hare ere [iE] here mere
ire [aiE] fire hire wire ure [juE] pure cure are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读[E]音，例如：picture pleasure 重读元音字母加Rr，再加非重读元字组时，重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母Rr读[r]音。
例如：parent zero story during inspirng 某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。 例如：orange very American paragraph 六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音 元音字组 读音例词
ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day play air [εE] air hair chair pair repair
alal在f m前 [C] small ball talk wall all [C:l] always also salt almost [α:] half calm
au/aw [C:] autumn daughter draw
ea [i:] teach easy cheap please [e] heavy bread sweater weather [ei] break great
ear [iE] hear dear near clear year [εE] bear pear wear swear [E:] earth learn early
ee [i:] jeep week green three eer [iE] pioneer deer beer
ei/ey [ei] eight neighbour they [i:] either key eu/ew在
j l r s后 [ju:] new few newspaper [u:] flew brew jewelry
ie/ei[s]音之后 [i:] piece field receive oa [ou] coat Joan boat goal
oar/oor [C:] roar board door floor oi/oy [Ci] noise point boy toilet oo [u:] broom food tooth school [u] book look cook foot good
ou/ow [au] flower house count down [ou] know row throw though [∧] young country enough [u:] group you soup
our [C:] course your four [auE] our hour ours [E:] journey ui
在j l r s后 [ju:i] fluid suicide tuition [u:] juice fruit suit
七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音 元音字组或字群 读音例词
ai/ay ei/ey [i] Sunday foreign monkey ow [ou] yellow sparrow tomorrow
元音字组在非重读音节中读[E]音或[i]。
例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee -sion -tion [Fn] impression nation
-sion在元音字母后 [Vn] vision decision occasion -tion在s后 [tFEn] question suggestion -sten [sn] listen -stle [sl] whistle
-sure [VE] pleasure measure -ture [tFE] picture culture
(完整版)初中英语音标教学
