电大会计学学位英语题库1907- 删词汇题 阅读理解 删翻译

innovation became common in the United States in the 1920s. However, there came the great depression in the 1930s, and there was not so much work to do throughout the country. The workweek was therefore shortened, and the weekend expanded from one and a half days to two full days, Saturday and Sunday. Some people thought that this trend of having fewer workdays would continue.They felt that the increasing use of automation in many aspects of life would eventually lead to further shortening of the workweek, which, they said, might one day decrease to four days, or even fewer. However, so far this has never happened, and the workweek seems to have stabilized at 40 hours made up of five 8-hour days. Yet some people are even talking about adding Monday to the weekend. Do you think this will ever happen? ★[答案]1)D；2)D；3)C；4)A；5)C；

(1)Why do Americans today regard Monday as the beginning of the week? [答案]D

A)Because the calendars mark Monday the beginning of the week. B)Because some of them don't have to work on Monday. C)Because they want to add Monday to the weekend. D)Because Monday is the first day of the workweek. (2)How old is the word \答案]D

A)About 50 years. B)Less than 150 years. C)More than 150 years. D)More than 200 years.

(3)What did Englishmen usually do on Saturday afternoons in the early nineteenth century? [答案]C

A)They were usually at work. B)They usually went to church. C)They did cleaning in factories. D)They were free

(4)The expression \probably mean ______. [答案]A

A)\

B)\

C)\

D)\

(5)According to the text, what effect did some people think the increasing use of automation would make? [答案]C A)It would allow people to work on the weekend.

B)It would make leisure activities expensive. C)It would give workers much more free time. D)It would make people much lazier.

277题● (S04-阅读理解:5分) Being a man has always been dangerous. There are about 105 males born for every 100 females, but this ratio drops to near balance at the age of maturity, and among 70-year old people there are twice as many women as men. But the great universal (普遍性) of male mortality is being changed. Now, boy babies survive almost as well as girls do. This means that for the first time there will be an excess of boys in those crucial years when they are searching for a mate. More important, another chance for natural selection has been removed. Fifty years ago, the chance of a baby surviving depended on its weight. A kilogram too light or too heavy meant almost certain death. Today it makes almost no difference. Since much of the variation is due to genes, one more force of evolution has gone. There is another way to commit evolutionary suicide: stay alive, but have fewer children. Except in some religious communities, very few women have 15 children. Nowadays the number of births, like the age of death, has become average. Most of us have roughly the same number of children. Again, differences between people and the opportunity for natural selection to take advantage of it have disappeared. India shows what is happening. The country offers wealth for a few in the great cities and poverty for the remaining tribal peoples. The grand mediocrity of today-everyone being the same in survival and number of children-means that natural selection has lost 80% of its power in middle-class compared to the tribe. For us, this means that evolution is over; the biological Utopia has arrived. Strangely, it has involved little physical change. No other species fills so many places in nature. But in the past 100 000 years- even the past 100 years-our lives have been transformed but our bodies have not. We did not evolve, because machines and society did it for us. Darwin had a phrase to describe those ignorant of evolution; they \savage looks at a ship, as at something wholly beyond his comprehension.\No doubt we will remember a 20th century way of life beyond comprehension for its ugliness. But however amazed our descendants may be at how far from Utopia we were, they will look just like us. ★[答案]1)C；2)C；3)B；4)A；5)D；

(1)According to the author, what was the danger a man had to face? [答案]C A)Lack of mates. B)Fierce competition.

C)Lower survival. D)Gene.

(2)The sentence \is another way to commit evolutionary suicide\perhaps means _____. [答案]C

A)there is another way to stop the society from making progress B)you can kill yourself by another means

C)there is another factor to prevent us from evolving D)we have to find a way to do something

(3)The example of India interprets that ______. [答案]B

A)wealthy people tend to have fewer children than poor people B)natural selection hardly works among the rich and the poor

C)the middle-class population is 80% smaller than that of the tribes D)India is one of the countries with a very high birth rate

(4)The author argues that our bodies have stopped evolving because_____. [答案]A

A)life has been improved by technological advance B)the number of female babies has been declining

C)our species has reached the highest stage of evolution D)the difference between wealth and poverty is disappearing (5)What is the main idea of the passage? [答案]D A)Sex ratio changes in human evolution. B)Ways of continuing man's evolution. C)The evolution future of nature. D)Human evolution going nowhere.

278题● (S04-阅读理解:5分) Charlie Chaplin has broken all records in making people laugh. No one has so set a whole world laughing as the little man with the walking stick and the overlarge shoes. Much has been written about Chaplin's art and his career, and opinions have ranged widely. But perhaps those who called him \came closest to the truth. Those who have called him a genius stress the timeless and common qualities in his work. It is an art filled with sad elements and deep human feeling, with which an audience cannot help but become involved. It is for these reasons, I believe, that the figure of Charlie has attracted generation after generation. All the writers who give accounts of Chaplin's life agree that Charlie's unhappy early years in the area in London where houses were dirty and worn had a great influence on his development and on the type of films he made. Chaplin himself emphasizes it in his memoirs (回忆录). The more one reads about his earliest period, the

more one tends to agree. Indeed, his suffering youth had a lasting influence on him. Chaplin was never afraid to deal with subjects causing much disagreement in his films. He gave a humorous performance on war only a few weeks before the American soldiers came home from World War I in 1918. This was regarded as madness, but the performance was well received. So perfectly did it hit the nail on the head that even the returning soldiers found it impossible to hate it and deeply appreciated this short and humorous performance on what for them had been unpleasant reality. Chaplin gave numerous performances attacking capital governments, satirizing (讽刺) the cruelty of the machine age and even making fun of Hitler. Years after his death, the funny films of motion picture actor and director Charlie Chaplin continue to be popular. He is particularly well known for his success as a creator of humorous presentations that make fun of people, the establishment, or networks. ★[答案]1)A；2)D；3)D；4)D；5)B；

(1)All of the following about Charlie Chaplin are true except __________. [答案]A

A)he was born in the USA B)he was a great film actor C)he had an unhappy early life

D)he made fun of Hitler in his films

(2)According to the author, Charlie Chaplin has been popular with generation after generation because _________. [答案]D

A)he set the whole world laughing

B)his performances get people involved

C)his works appeal to people in different periods D)both B and C

(3)According to Charlie Chaplin's life history writers, _________ had a strong influence on the type of films he made. [答案]D A)the society in which he lived

B)the audience who praised and admired him C)those who called him a genius

D)his unhappy early years in the poor area in London

(4)According to the passage, which of the following is true? [答案]D A)There are timeless qualities in Chaplin's work because he didn't involve himself in political affairs.

B)Chaplin became popular years after his death.

C)Chaplin's performance is funny without any sad elements.

D)Chaplin's films are the combinations of funny and sad elements. (5)This passage was ____________. [答案]B A)written by Charlie Chaplin B)written about Charlie Chaplin

C)advertising one of Charlie Chaplin's films D)written for students to learn film-making

282题● (S04-阅读理解:5分) In 1848, gold was discovered in California; from all over the nation, thousands of young men set out for California. People called this the time of the Gold Rush. A gold miner came into a city looking for a pair of pants. He wanted pants strong enough to stand up to the rough work of mining. He met a young man named Levi, who sold heavy cloth for tents and wagon tops. They asked a tailor to use heavy cloth for their pants. Then Levi went into the business of making work pants. He asked his brothers to send him some strong blue cotton cloth called denim (斜纹粗棉布). With this blue denim cloth, Levi started making the kind of pants we call blue jeans today. They were sewed up in the same way as other pants. In 1860, a miner said that the pockets weren't strong enough to hold the pieces of gold he found. The pockets kept pulling loose from the pants. The cloth was all right. It was the thread that wasn't strong enough. So Levi used rivets (铆钉) to attach the pockets onto the pants. Cowboys needed tough pants, too. They liked their pants to fit tightly. But the rivets marked the cowboys' saddles. So Levi covered the rivets with cloth. Then everybody was happy. ★[答案]1)A；2)C；3)C；4)C；5)B； (1)This article as a whole is about ___________. [答案]A A)how people got blue jeans B)the Gold Rush

C)denim, rivets and blue jeans D)cowboys and blue jeans

(2)While not stated in the article, you can tell that __________. [答案]C A)everybody who went to California got a lot of gold B)Levi found riches in the gold fields

C)Levi made more money than many gold miners

D)Levi sold more jeans to cowboys than to gold miners