2013年11月江西省成人(自考)本科学士学位英语统一考试
试题及答案解析
【该试题附带答案详细解析及评分参考】
第一部分：阅读理解（共
20题，40分考试时间为35分钟）
（一）
Long long ago people made fires from lightning(they couldn
’t start it again if there was no lightning. Later
together could make a spark (
闪电)。But they had to keep the fire burning, for
, they found out hitting two piece of stone
火花). The spark could fire dry leaves. In this way they could make the
fire again if it went out. Them people also learned to make a fire by rubbing. They made a hole on a big piece of wood and put a smaller stick into the hole. They turned the stick again and again. After a few minutes they got a fire.
As years went by, people learned other ways to make a fire. Sometimes they used the heat from sun. they held a piece of glass in the right way and made a piece of paper on fire.
About two centuries ago, people began to make matches (make fires. One of them is to use an electric fire starterexpensive than a box of matches. But it is more useful. 1. A spark can _________.
A. fire any leaves B. burn anything C. burn dry leaves D. keep fires burning
2. We can also get a fire by _________.
A. making a hole on a big piece of wood B. putting a smaller stick into the hole C. turning the stick hard for a while D. doing all the above together 3. Matches have been used _________.
A. for about two thousand years B. for about two hundred years
C. since people began to use fire for cooking D. since people used the heat from the sun. 4. From this passage we know _______.
A. using matches is the easiest and most useful way to make fires B. people don
’t use matches any more since they had electric fire starters
C. today there are only two ways to make fires D. some forest fires happen from lightning
5. Choose the right order of the ways to make fires people got to know _________.
a. with a match d. by rubbing A. d, b, c, a, e B. d, c, b, a, e C. c, d, b, a, e D. c, b, d, a ,e
b. from the sun
c. from lightning
.
e. with an electric fire starter
火柴). Matches brought people a quick
. Of course an electric fire starter is much more
and easy way to make fire. Today matches are still being used, but people have more new ways to
第1 页
答案及解析
1.【答案】C【解析】细节题。根据第四行
The spark could fire dry leaves.
说明C正确。
说明ABC都是具体步骤，D是最可知B正确。
闪电)。说明
2.【答案】D【解析】细节题。根据第一段最后三行判断
全面的。
3.【答案】B【解析】细节题。根据最后一段第一句4.【答案】D【解析】推理题。根据文章第一句
About two centuries ago,
D正确、
Long long ago people made fires from lightning(
They made a hole on a big piece of wood and
put a smaller stick into the hole. They turned the stick again and again.
有时候闪电会导致火，那么也有可能导致森林大火。故最后是an electric fire starter
，故C正确。
5.【答案】C【解析】排序题。根据文章内容，人们先是通过闪电，接着摩擦生火，然后是通过阳光，后来是火柴，
（二）
As the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through life, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for ahealthy mind and body.
Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to avoid it. In fact, it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.
The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are
not
afraid
of stress,
and
such
characters
are
obviously
prime
material
for
managerial
responsibilities, others lose heart at the first sign of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between \fight\meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, but however little the stress, it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction we need to find ways to deal with it.
6．People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because _____.
A．they regard working as their greatest enjoyment B．they believe that work is superior to relaxation C．they are traveling fast all the time
D．they are becoming busier with their work than ever before 7．According to the author
, the most important character for a good manager is his _____.
A．strong will to hold out stress B．knowing the art of relaxation C．high sense of responsibility D．having control over performance
8．Which of the following statements is TRUE, according to the passage?
A．We can find quite a few ways to avoid stress. B．Stress is always harmful to people's health
C．It's easy to change the habit of keeping oneself busy with work. D．Different people can bear different amount of stress. 9．In the last sentence of the passage, \
A．\B．\C．\
D．\10. According to the author
, the right attitude toward stress is _____. lasts long, through
continued
exposure
to stress,
that health becomes
endangered. Since we can't remove stress from our lives (it would be unwise to do so even if we could),
第2 页
A. to avoid it B. to try to deal with it
C. to regard it as a vital motivation D. to find some relaxation 答案及解析
6.【答案】D【解析】推断题。由第一段可推知，无法放松自己主要是比以前任何时候都要忙碌。
7.【答案】A【解析】推断题。由第三段第二句可推知，当好管理者的优良品质是要具有坚强的抵制压力的意志。句
中prime material
意为“一流的素质”。
The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very
可知括号里的内容是对前文的…
可知。
Since we can't remove stress from our lives
A正确。
8.【答案】D【解析】细节题。由第三段第一句可
much on the individual.9.【答案】C【解析】猜义题。由
解释。英语学习
10.【答案】B【解析】主旨大意题。故
（三）
What should you think about in trying to find your career? You are probably better at some school subjects than others. These may show strengths that you can use in your work. A boy who is good at mathematics can use that in an engineering careerat office work .So
it is important to
. A girl who spells well and likes English may be good
the other hand,
you may
not have any
do well at school. On
specially strong or weak subjects but your records show a general satisfactory standard. Although not all subjects can be used directly in a job, they may have indirect value. Knowledge of history is not required for most jobs but if history is one of your good subjects you will have learned to remember facts and details. This is an ability that can be useful in many jobs.
Your school may have taught you skills, such as typing or technical drawing, which you can use in your work. You may be good at metal work or cookery(these skills.
If you have had a part-time job on Saturdays or in the summerwith older workers. part-time job.
Facing your weak points handle(
is also part of knowing
yourself.
You may be all thumbs
when you
运用)tools; perhaps you are a poor speller or cannot add up a column of figures. It is bitter to
You may have
learned to
give correct
, think what you gained from it. If
change in
a shop, for
example.
Just as
nothing else, you may have learned how to get to work on time, to follow instructions and to get on important, you may become interested in a particular industry or career you see from the inside in a
烹饪术)and look for a job where you can improve
face any weaknesses than to pretend they do not exist. Your school record, for instance, may not be too good, yet it is an important part of your background. You should not be apologetic about it but instead recognize that you will have a chance of a fresh start at work.. 11. Which of the following best sums up the first paragraph?
A. The importance of doing well at school.
B. Using school performance to help to choose a careerC. The importance of being good at all subjects.D. The indirect value of schoolwork.
12. The writer thinks that for a student to have a part-time job is probably _____.
A. a waste of time that could have been spent on studyB. useful for his future workC. a good way to earn extra moneyD. a good way to find out his weak points 13. According to the passage, if a student
A. will be a complete failure in his future work
’s school record is not good, he ____.
.
第3 页
B. will not be able to find a suitable job
C. will regret not having worked harder at schoolD. may do well in his future work
14. Which subject is supposed to have no direct value for job hunting?
A. Mathematics. B. English.
C. Technical drawing. D. History.
15. The whole passage centers on ____.
A. choosing a career according to what one is skilled inB. acquiring knowledge by working hard at schoolC. finding one答案及解析
11.【答案】B 【解析】段落大意题。文章第一段内容是关于学校中所学习的内容对我们的职业选择是有帮助的。故
B正确。
12.【答案】B【解析】推理题。根据文章第三段内容尤其是最后
的未来工作是非常有帮助的。
13.【答案】D【解析】推理题。根据文章最后一段可知在学校成绩不好，这样也可以暴露自己的弱点，留给自己机
会去改正，这样在未来的工作中仍然是有机会取得进步的。14.【答案】D【解析】细节题。第一段倒数
3,4行Knowledge of history is not required for most jobs
D正确。
A正确。
可知
历史这一学科对于工作是没有直接的影响的，故
2行Just as important, you may become interested
。可知做兼职工作对我们
in a particular industry or career you see from the inside in a part-time job
’s strong and weak points
’s abilities useful in school work
D. developing one
15.【答案】A【解析】主旨大意题。文章讲述的是要根据自己所擅长的技能来选择自己的职业。故
（四）
American society is not nap (
午睡)-friendly. In fact, says David Dinges, a sleep specialist at the
“There’s even a prohibition against admitting we need
“Some sleep
”
“We have to totally
University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine,
sleep”. Nobody wants to be caught napping or found asleep at work. To quote a proverb: five hours, nature requires seven, laziness nine and wickedness eleven.
Wrong. The way not to fall asleep at work is to take naps when you need them. change our attitude toward napping,of sleep research.
Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an
“American sleep debt
”says Dr. William Dement of Stanford University, the godfather
”which one
member said was as important as the national debt. The commission was concerned about the dangers of sleepiness: people causing industrial accidents or falling asleep while driving. This may be why we have a new sleep policy in the White House. According to recent reports, President Clinton is trying to take a ha1f-hour snooze (afternoon quiet phase,
瞌睡) every afternoon.
“a mid
”also called
“a secondary sleep gate.
”Sleeping 15 minutes to two hours in
,
About 60 percent of American adults nap when given the opportunity. We seem to have the early afternoon can reduce stress and make us refreshed. Clearly, we were born to nap.
We Superstars of Snooze don't nap to replace lost shut-eye or to prepare for a night shift.Ratherwe “snack”on sleep, whenever
, wherever and at whatever time we feel like it. I myself have napped
in buses, cars, planes and on boats; on floors and beds; and in libraries, offices and museums 16. It is commonly accepted in American society that too much sleep is
A. unreasonable B. criminal C. harmful
第4 页
D. costly
17. The research done by the Dement Commission shows that Americans ________
A. don't like to take naps
B. are terribly worried about their national debt C. sleep less than is good for them
D. have caused many industrial and traffic accidents 18. The purpose of this article is to
A. warn us of the wickedness of napping B. explain the danger of sleepiness C. discuss the side effects of napping
D. convince the reader of the necessity of napping 19. The underlined phrase
“American sleep debt
”in Para. 3 is the result of
A. the traditional misconception the Americans have about sleep B. the new sleep policy of the Clinton Administration C. the rapid development of American industry D. the Americans' worry about the danger of sleepiness 20. The second sentence of the last paragraph tells us that it is
A. preferable to have a sound sleep before a night shift B. good practice to eat something light before we go to bed C. essential to make up for cost sleep
D. natural to take a nap whenever we feel the need for it 答案及解析
16. 【答案】A【解析】推断题。由第一段，美国人不喜欢午睡，事实上，宾夕法尼亚大学医学院睡眠专家
语：有的人睡
5个小时，正常情况需
7个小时，懒惰者需
9个小时，堕落者需
A
David Dinges
说，“甚至有一个禁令不允许我们需要睡眠。在工作的时候，没有人愿意被发现在打瞌睡或在睡觉。引用一个谚
11个小时。由此可知，美国人认
为过多的失眠是不合理的。并不是罪恶的，有害的，昂贵的。故答案为眠少对他们有益，这样可以做更多的事情。故答案为18. 【答案】D【解析】主旨题。由第二段
C
。工作时不睡着的方法是当你困的时候就
17. 【答案】C【解析】推断题。美国人都普遍缺乏睡眠，他们的睡眠欠缺和国债一样不可小觑。可见，美国认为睡
The way not to fall asleep at work is to take naps when you need
them. We have to totally change our attitude toward nappingD
小睡一下，我们必须完全改变我们对于小睡的态度。可知，本文的意图是使读者认识到小睡的必要性。故答案为19. 【答案】A【解析】细节题。由第一段可知，美国人不重视午睡，没有人想在工作时被发现在打盹或睡着了，还
有一句俗语来抨击午睡，可见是传统观念在误导着他们。故选
A
20. 【答案】D【解析】推断题。由最后一段，睡觉是我们的一部分，无论何时，何地，我自己在公交车里，汽车，
飞机，船上，在床上，图书馆，办公室，博物馆里都可以小睡。可知，本段是要告诉我们不论何时，当我们需要休息的时候，就应该小睡一会。故答案为
D
第二部分：词语用法和短语结构（共
A. not to want anyone B. to want no one C. wanted no one D. not wanting anyone
【答案】D【解析】but前后句子要保持一致，故选
40题，20分考试时间为25分钟）
．
21. Having no money but _______to know, he simply said he would go without dinner
D项。
22. Would you please ________ the radio a little? I'm doing my home work. A. turn down
【答案】A【解析】因后有
B. turning down a little
C. turn off
．
D. turning off
表程度，所以只能是“调低”
第5 页
江西省自考学位英语历年试题及参考答案解析讲解
