Unit 1 What’s the matter?
短语归纳
1. 胃痛 have a stomachache 2. 感冒have a cold 3. 躺下lie down 4. 量体温take one’s temperature 5. 发烧have a fever 6. 去看医生go to a doctor 7. 下车get off 8. 同意（做某事）agree to(do sth.) 9. 陷入麻烦get into trouble 10. 摔倒fall down
11. 习惯于……；适应于……be used to 12. 冒险take risks(take a risk) 13. 用尽；耗尽run out(of) 14. 切除cut off 15. 离开；从……出来get out of 16. 掌管；管理be in control of 17. 继续或坚持（做某事）keep on(doing sth) 18. 放弃give up 19. 失去某人的生命lose one’s life 20. 做决定make a decision 21. 对……感兴趣be interested in
22. 使……惊讶的；出乎……意料to one’s surprise
句型归纳 1.--怎么了？
--What’s the matter? --我背疼。
--I have a sore back. 2.我应该做什么呢？ What should I do? 3.我应该量体温吗？
Should I take my temperature? 4. 你需要休息，远离电脑。
You need to take breaks away from the computer.
5. 很多人不想帮助别人，因为他们不想惹麻烦，这是让人难过的。
It’s sad that many people don’t want to help others because they don’t want any trouble.
6. 发生什么事了？ What happened?
7. 我们有和阿伦同样的精神吗？ Do we have the same spirit as Aron?
8. 踢足球时我受伤了。我的一条腿疼。 I hurt myself playing soccer. I have a sore leg. 9. 有人被击中了头。
Someone got hit on the head.
10. 他对登山的爱是如此强烈，以至于甚至在这样的经历后他仍然坚持爬山。 His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience.
课文知识点：
1. What’s the matter? 怎么了？
What’s the matter with sb? 某人怎么了？
询问某人或周围发生了什么事？
What’s wrong? = What’s the trouble/matter/problem? e.g. -What’s the matter?
-I have a cold.
-What’s the matter with him/Tom? -He failed the math exam.
2. have+a/an+疾病名词 患……病 = have got+a/an+疾病名词
have a cold = have got a cold = get a cold = catch a cold 感冒 have a headache 头疼 have a cough 咳嗽 have a backache 背疼 have a fever 发烧 have a sore throat 喉咙痛 have a toothache 牙痛 have a stomachache 胃痛 He has a cough. 他咳嗽了。
Tina had a fever yesterday. 蒂娜昨天发烧了。 发高烧 have a high fever 重感冒 have a bad cold
3. 身体部位+ache(疼痛)构成新的复合词 stomach+ache = stomachache head+ache = headache tooth+ache = toothache back+ache = backache 背疼 4. sore adj. 疼痛的；酸痛的
Mike’s legs are sore. 迈克的腿疼。 have a sore+身体部位 ……疼 have a sore throat 喉咙疼 have a sore back 背疼 have a sore foot 脚疼
Do you have a sore throat? 你喉咙疼吗？ 5. much too+形容词/副词，太…… too much+不可数名词，太多……
6. lie v. 躺；平躺 过去式lay；lie说谎，过去式lied lie down 躺下 He lied down and had a rest. 他躺下休息了。 lie in 坐落 My hometown lies in a valley. 我的家乡坐落在一个山谷里。 7. take breaks = take a break = have a rest 休息 We should have a rest.
It’s a time to take a break. 该休息了。 8. have a+名词： have a look 看一看 have a talk 谈一谈 have a rest 休息一下 have a walk 散步 have a drink 喝一杯
Let’s have a walk. 我们散步去吧。
9. need to do sth. 需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作： I need to clean my room. 我需要打扫我的房间。 He needs to do his homework. 他需要做作业。 need doing sth. 主语通常是物，表示被动的动作：
Your dirty clothes need washing. 你的脏衣服需要被洗了。
否定：needn’t 不需要
You needn’t do that. 你不需要做那些。
10. maybe adv. 或许，常用于句首，表可能性，后加句子。 Maybe you are right.
may be 是情态动词+be的结构，表“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形容词。 He may be angry.
11. enough adj/adv. 足够的/地，enough放在名词前，形副后。 good enough 足够好 enough money 足够的钱 12. sound like+名词、代词或从句 It sounds like you don’t know the truth. It sounds like a good idea.
sound+形容词，听起来，好像 The music sounds nice.
13. go to a doctor 去看医生
If you are ill, you should go to(see) a doctor. 如果你生病了，你应该去看医生。 14. get off 下车，从自行车/公交车/火车/地铁/飞机上下来 They got off the bus and walked away. get on 上车
She gets on the plane.
小汽车/出租车用：get in/out of the car/taxi
15. to one’s+情感名词 令某人……的是，使某人感到……的是 to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是 to one’s happiness 令某人高兴的是 To my surprise, they said okay. 令我惊讶的是，他们说可以！ To her happiness, all her students passed the exam. 令她高兴的是，她的所有学生都通过了考试。
16. trouble 问题；麻烦
be in trouble 陷入困境 make trouble 制造麻烦 get into trouble 陷入困境
If you don’t keep the rules, you will get into trouble. 如果你不遵守规则，你将陷入麻烦。
17. have problems/trouble (in) doing sth = have problems/trouble with sth =have difficulties (in) doing sth 做某事有困难
He has a lot of problems/trouble in looking after the baby alone at home. 他一个人在家照顾孩子有很大困难。
Mary has problems/trouble with doing homework. 她做作业有困难。 18. agree 同意，赞同
agree to do sth. 同意做某事
agree with sb. 同意某人的看法、观点
19. right away = right now = at once 立刻，马上 20. run out of 用完，用尽
When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.
物+sth. run out. 某物用尽了。 人+run out of sth. 某人用尽了某物。 He run out of all his money last night. 昨晚他花光了所有钱。
21. rish (sb.) to do sth. 冒险去做某事 take a risk = take risks 冒险 22. importance n. 重要（性），important adj. 重要的，unimportant adj. 不重要的 the importance of(doing) sth. (做)某事的重要性
We students should know the importance of (learning) English. 23. decision n. 决定；抉择 make a decision 做决定
24. be in the control of 掌管，管理
The headmaster is in the control of this new school. be out of control 无法控制，无法管理 25. 动词+up: give up 放弃 grow up 长大 cheer up 振作起来 stay up 熬夜 put up 举起 wake up 醒来 get up 起床 look up 查阅 set up 建立 pick up 捡起 26. 动词+e/er =名词，表示从事某种职业的人 climb - climber 登山者 visit - visitor 参观者 work - worker 工人 sing - singer 歌手 drive - driver 司机 invent - inventor 发明家 teach - teacher 教师
语法：
1. should：情感动词，应该
肯定句：主语+should+动词原形+其他.
You should obey the traffic laws. 你应该遵守交通规则。 否定句：主语+should not+动词原形+其他.
You shouldn’t go out alone at night. 你晚上不应该独自外出。 一般疑问句：Should+主语+动词原形+其他? Should I open the door? 我应该打开门吗？
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+should+主语+动词原形+其他? When should we go? 我们应该什么时候去？
2. 反身代词：某人自己 人称 单数 复数 第一人称 myself ourselves 第二人称 yourself yourselves 第三人称 himself/herself/itself themselves 固定短语：
by oneself 某人自己独自做 She does her homework by herself. help oneself to sth. 某人自便 Please help yourselves, children. enjoy oneself 某人玩的开心 Please enjoy yourself, John. teach oneself sth./learn sth. by oneself 自学
He teaches himself English at home. = He learns English by himself at home.
look after oneself/take care of oneself 照顾自己 hurt oneself 摔伤自己 say to oneself 自言自语
leave sb. by oneself 把某人单独留下 buy oneself sth. 给自己买……东西 introduce oneself 介绍……自己 注意：
1. 反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。 Myself can finish my homework. (×)
I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself.(√) 2. 反身代词表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的东西”，因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某人自己的（东西）”时，须要用one’s own。 I’m drawing with myself crayons. (×) I’m drawing with my own crayons.(√)
人教版八年级下册英语Unit 1知识点复习总结
