名词性从句
名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句及同位语从句)是高考卷中的难点，一般情况下，语法填空与短文改错中会出现一道题目。书面表达中的名词性从句绝对是“增分点”。
命题趋势：名词性从句的考查点主要集中在宾语从句上，特别是引导词的选择与判断，其中what和that是考查的重点。 一、概念
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句在复合句中能担任：主语、宾语、表语、同位语，因此，根据它在句中不同的语法功能，可分为：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 二、连接词
连接词用来引导名词性从句。它分为连接代词（what, who,whom,which, whose, whatever, whoever, whichever)、连接词(that, whether, if, as if, as though, because) 和连接副词(when, where, how, why)。 三、语序
所有的名词性从句在句中都用陈述句语序。 四、四类从句的基本用法 1. 主语从句
通常置于句首，也可用it作形式主语。如：
Whether he can come to the party on time depends on the traffic. What parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.It is a great pity that they didn’t come to my birthday party.
It is obvious to the students that they should get well prepared for their future. 2. 宾语从句
(1) 置于动词，介词或形容词后。如：
Hearing that his son was badly ill, he hurried to the hospital to see him.
There was a discussion about whether Polly had found the blind man.
(2) it作形式宾语。如：
?动词make, find, think, feel, consider, believe, know等后面有宾语补足语时，可用结构为：vt. +it+宾语补足语(adj./n.) +宾语从句。如：
I think it necessary that we should learn English grammar well. ?有些表示好恶的动词，如：like, love, hate, dislike, appreciate, depend on, see to等带宾语从句时需要在宾语从句前加it。如： You can depend on it that he will come to our aid. 3. 表语从句 置于系动词后。如：
The problem is how we can manage to finish the project in such a short time.
Look at the sky. It looks as if it is going to rain soon. 4. 同位语从句
置于某些特殊的抽象名词后，对该名词的内容进行具体说明。该类名词有：advice, fact, news, idea, truth, hope, question, problem, information, wish, promise, order, demand, request, possibility, project, thought, theory, dream, message, answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion, doubt, word等。
We should consider the students’ request that the school library provide more books on popular science.
When the news came that the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army.
Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got any idea where the party is to be held?
考点一 that引导的名词性从句 1．that引导主语从句
①That you didn't know the rules won't be the excuse for your failure.
你不知道规则不能成为你失败的借口。
②As I searched the name Linda on the Internet，it became evident that there're two with the same name who look completely different. 当我在网上搜索琳达这个名字的时候，很显然有两个看着完全不同但姓名相同的人。
③It is announced in today's newspaper that Trump will pay a visit to China next week.
今天报纸上宣称特朗普下周将访问中国。 [规律总结]
连词that在引导名词性从句时本身没有意义，在从句中不担任任何句子成分，但引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时不能省略。在宾语从句中有时可以省略。
1．that引导主语从句位于句首时，本身无意义，但是不可以省
略。
2．that从句作主语时，常用it作形式主语，常见的句型有： ①It＋be＋形容词(obvious，true，natural，surprising，good，wonderful，funny，possible，likely，certain，probable，etc.)＋that从句。
②It＋be＋名词词组(no wonder，an honor，a good thing，a pity，no surprise，etc.)＋that从句。
③It＋be＋过去分词(said，reported，thought，expected，decided，announced，arranged，etc.)＋that从句。 2．that引导宾语从句
①Experts believe that people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.
专家们认为必要的时候才购物可以减少食物的浪费。
②Tom is a nice boy，except that he is sometimes late for school. 汤姆是个很棒的男孩，除了有时候上学迟到外。
③I find it necessary that we should spend more time practising spoken English.
我发现我们有必要花更多时间练习英语口语。 [规律总结] 1．常见的可以接that(that可以省略)从句作宾语的动词有see，say，know，imagine，discover，believe，tell，show，think，consider等。在可以接复合宾语的动词之后，如think，make，consider等，可以用it作形式宾语。
2．that从句一般不能充当介词宾语，偶尔可作except，in，but的宾语。
3．that引导表语从句和同位语从句
①My decision is that all of us are to start at 6 o'clock tomorrow morning.(表语从句)
我的决定是我们所有人明天早上6点出发。
②He has made a promise to his boss that he'll return in three days as long as he can get to the destination in time.(同位语从句)
他向他的老板承诺只要他能及时到达目的地就会在三天后回来。 [规律总结]
1．that引导表语从句时，一般不能省略。 2．that引导同位语从句时，放在某些抽象名词如fact，hope，desire，
thought，suggestion，idea，news，problem，possibility等后，对前面的名词起补充说明的作用，that只起引导作用，在从句中不充当任何成分，但一般不能省略。
考点二 whether/if(是否)引导的名词性从句 ①It remains to be seen whether the newly-formed committee's
policy can be put into practice.(主语从句，不可用if代替whether) 新组成的委员会制定的政策是否能实施还有待观察。
②I didn't know whether/if he would attend the concert.(宾语从句，可用if代替whether)
我并不知道他是否参加音乐会。
③The question is whether it is worth trying.(表语从句，不可用if代替whether)
问题是值不值得试一试。
④He asked her the question whether they can be friends.(同位语从句，不可用if代替whether)
他问了她一个问题：他们能否成为朋友。
⑤I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness.(介词后的宾语从句中，不可用if代替whether) 我担心他是否能熬过这次病危。 [规律总结]
在以下几种情况下不可使用if。 1. 介词后。
2. 与or not连用。 3. 在不定式前。
4. 在主语从句、表语从句及同位语从句中。 考点三： what，wh-ever引导的名词性从句
①“Every time you eat a sweet，drink green tea.” This is what my mother used to tell me.(表语从句) “每次你吃糖的时候要喝点绿茶。”这是我妈妈过去常常告诉我的事情。
②Whoever wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.(主语从句)
任何一个想要住旅店的人都必须自己付钱。
③We promise whoever attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.(宾语从句)
名词性从句 Word版含答案 - 图文
