轻松搞定高中英语语法的100个句子04
11.疑问代词和连接代词 <例句>
What color are the curtains? 窗帘是什么颜色？ <语法分析>
疑问代词 what 在句子中作定语，此外还可以作主语、宾语或介词宾语等，which 也有这样的用法。此外，what 还可以用作表语。问候在句子中多作主语或表语，whom 在句子中多作宾语或介词的宾语，在紧跟介词时只能用 whom。whose 可以用作定语、主语、表语或宾语等成分。连接代词与疑问代词同形，可以引导各种从句，在从句中它们可以作主语、宾语、介词宾语、表语和定语等。
<触类旁通>
(1) Who would like to go with me? 谁愿和我一起去？
语法分析：who 在句子中多作主语或表语。 (2) Whom are you writing to? 你在给谁写信呀？
语法分析：whom 在句子中多作宾语或介词的宾语。 (3) To whom did you give the parcel? 你把包裹给谁了？
语法分析：在紧跟介词时只能用 whom，不能用 who. (4) Whose is better, yours or hers? 谁的比较好，你的还是她的？
语法分析：whose 表示谁的，用作主语。 (5) What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的？
语法分析：what还可以用作表语。 (6) Show me what you have in your hand.
把你手上的东西给我看看。
语法分析：what 引导从句，表示“the thing which...”。 (7) I will give you what help I can. 我将尽量给你帮助。
语法分析：在从句中 what 有时用作定语。 <巩固练习> 1. _____ did you see? 2. _____ do you mean?
3. I asked him _____ came into the room. 4. Do you know _____ that girl's mother is? 5. That is _____ I want to know.
6. Let me know _____ bus you'll be arriving on. 7. I must decide _____ to do with her. <参考答案>
1. Whom 2. What 3. who 4. what 5. what 6. which 7. what 12.关系代词 <例句>
I met someone who said he knew you. 我遇到一个人，他说他认识你。 <语法分析>
关系代词 who 代表 someone，又引导从句修饰它，同时又在从句中担任主语。关系代词 who, whom, whose, that和 which可以用来引导定语从句，这类代词都起着三重作用，一是代表前面的名词，二是把从句和它所修饰的词连接起来，三是在从句里也担任一个成分。who和 whom 都代表人，who 在从句中作主语，whom在从句中作宾语或介词宾语。whose在从句中可以作定语。that可以代表人或物，which只能代表物在从句中可充当主语、宾语或介词宾语等。
<触类旁通>
(1) The noise that she made woke everybody up. 她弄出的声音把大家都吵醒了。
语法分析：that 代表 noise，又引导从句修饰它，在从句中担任 made 的宾语。
(2) She saw something in the paper which might interest you. 她在报纸上看到的一些消息，或许会使你感兴趣。
语法分析：which 代表 something, 又引导从句修饰它，在从句中担任主语。 (3) The girl with whom I was travlling didn't speak English. 和我一起旅行的那个女孩不会讲英语。
语法分析：whom 代表人，在从句中作宾语或介词宾语。 (4) I saw a film whose name I have forgotten. 我看了一部电影， 名字却忘了。 语法分析：whose 有时指无生命的东西。 (5) Who's the man (that) you were talking to? 刚才和你讲话的人是谁？
语法分析：在从句作宾语时，that常可以省略。
(6) The situation in which she found herself was very difficult. 她的处境非常困难。
语法分析：在紧跟介词时，只能用which，不能用that，而且不能省略。 <巩固练习>
1. The man _____ robbed her has been arrested. 2. The man _____ I saw told me to come back tomorrow. 3. I know a girl _____ mother is an acrobat. 4. He _____ would eat the fruit must climb the tree. 5. The dog _____ was lost has been found.
6. She invited us to dinner, ______ was very kind of her.
7. My dog, ______ temper is very uncertain, often bites judges at dog show. 8. The man from ______ I brought it told me to read me instructions. <参考答案>
1. who 2. whom 3. whose 4. that 5. which 6. which 7. whose 8. whom 13.不定代词
轻松搞定高中英语语法的100个句子04
