Unit 5 语法篇
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学生通过本讲学习,能够掌握本单元的重点语法,并在综合能力上有一定的拓展。
特殊疑问句
一、特殊疑问句概述
特殊疑问句(special questions),也可称为“wh”-questions,因为它们多数都以who,where,when,which,whose,why这类词开头,如: Who is it on the phone?谁来的电话?
How many oranges can you see in the picture? 你能在图画上看到多少个橘子? Where did you last see it?
你最后一次看到这东西时是在什么地方呢? What did you eat yesterday? 你昨天吃了些什么?
How do you usually go to school? 你通常是怎么去学校的呢?
二、特殊疑问句的构成及用法
(1)它的结构一般为:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句,即:特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语/表语+(其他),如:
What can be done about it? 对此能做些什么呢?
Which are yours?哪些是你的?
Who would like to come for a game of football?谁愿意来踢场足球呀? What did you say?你说什么?
Why didn’t you tell me? 你为什么没有告诉我? (2) 特殊疑问句有时可有一个以上的疑问词,如: When and where did you meet?你们何时在何地相遇的? (3)特殊疑问句有时须以介词开首,如: By whom is the book written?此书是谁写的? Since when have you lived here? 你从什么时候起住在这里的?
(4) 疑问词作主语或主语的定语时,与陈述句的语序相同,如: Who is in the room?谁在房间里?
(5)“why+一般疑问句否定式”这种结构一般表示劲告、建议、责备等,而不能归为特殊问句,如:
Why don’t you come earlier? 你为什么不早些来呢? Why not go skiing?为何不去滑雪呢?
三、特殊疑问词
特殊疑问词可分为两类:疑问代词和疑问副词 (1)疑问代词
疑问代词主要有五个,分别为:who,whom,which,what,whose。它们没有性和数的变化,除了who外也没有格的变化。 who谁
作主语, 用来指人
Who is the girl under the tree? Who is not here?
Whom 谁, 作宾语,用来指人 Whom are you writing to? Whom do you want to see?
Whose 谁的, 用来指所属关系,如果作定语,一般后接名词 Whose pen is this? Whose are those shoes?
Which 哪个,哪些用来指对人或物在一定范围之内进行选择 Which girls will be in the sports meeting? Which hat is lily’s ?
What 通常指物,也可指人,一般用在没有指出范围的情况下 What can you see in the picture? What is in the teacher’s room?
(2) 疑问副词
疑问副词包括when,where,why,how及how与其他副词和形容词组成的疑问词。 when何时, 询问时间 When will she return?
Where, 何地, 询问地点 Where do you come from?
Why 为什么, 询问原因
Why are you late for school?
How如何, 询问手段、方式、工具以及程度等 How do you usually go to school?
How old 多大, 询问年龄
How old is Jim’s little brother?
How much/many多少, 询问数量 How many friends do you have?
How far多远, 询问距离
How far is it from your home to school?
How long多长、多久, 询问时间的长度或距离 How long will you stay in Beijing?
How often多长时间一次, 询问频率
How often do you go to see your grandparents?
How soon 多久, 询问时间 How soon will you come back?
(3) 特殊疑问句的答语
特殊疑问句的答语的重点是对疑问词的回答非所问,因此,不再需要用yes或no。在回答时,可以用一个词或词组,也可以用一个较为完整的句子。 Who has borrowed my bike?谁借了我的自行车? Jack. 杰克。
Jack has borrowed your bike.
When did he borrow my bike?他什么时候借了我的自行车? This morning. 今天早晨。
He borrowed your bike this morning.
Where is he?他现在在何处? At the office. 在办公室。 He is at the office.
What is he doing there?他在那儿干什么呢?
七年级英语下册Unit5Whydoyoulikepandas语法篇试题人教版
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