比较级 & 最高级
比较级:
一、 形容词的比较级
1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用:两个事物或人的比较用比较级,比较级后面一般带有单词than。
比较级的句子结构通常是:
什么 + 动词be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than(比)+ 什么 ,如: I'm taller and heavier than you. (我比你更高和更重。)
An elephant is bigger than a tiger。 (一只大象比一只老虎更大.)
比较级前面可以用more, a little 来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格(口语中可用宾格)。
2.形容词加er的规则:
① 一般的直接在词尾加er ,如 tall — taller , strong — stronger , ② 以e结尾的,直接加r ,如 fine — finer ,
③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的,先改y为i再加er,如funny — funnier ④以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,双写最后的字母再加er,
如big--bigger, thin——thinner ,hot–—hotter, sad-—sadder,fat—fatter
3.不规则形容词比较级:
good——better, many/ much —-——more
beautiful—-more beautiful, expensive-—more expensive 二、副词的比较级
1.形容词与副词的区别 (有be用形,有形用be;有动用副,有副用动) ⑴在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后。 ⑵副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后。
2.副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同
☆注意☆
1、比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西。
典型错误:My hair is longer than you.(我的头发比你更长.) 比较的两者是我的头发、你(整个人),那么比较的对象就没有可比性.
应该改为:My hair is longer than yours。 或My hair is longer than your hair。
2、如果比较的两者是一样的时候,我们会用 as…as…这个词组。 它的用法是:
什么+be+as+形容词原形+as+什么,意思是什么和什么一样……。如: I’m as tall as you.(我和你一样高.)
My feet are as big as yours。(我的脚和你的一样大。)
最高级:
一、形容词的最高级变化类似于比较级,只是把词尾的er改成est,如:
tall (原形)— taller (比较级)— tallest (最高级) long(原形)- longer(比较级)- longest(最高级) big (原形)— bigger(比较级)- biggest(最高级) few (原形) –fewer(比较级)-—fewest(最高级)
二、除此之外,还有几个特殊的单词,它的比较级和最高级都是不规则。如:
many / much(原形)— more(比较级)— most(最高级) little (原形) - less (比较级)- least(最高级) good(原形)/well - better(比较级) — best(最高级) bad (原形)/badly — worse(比较级) - worst(最高级) far(原形)—- farther(比较级)-farthest(最高级) further(比较级)-— furthest(最高级)
巩固练习
old__________ young________ tall_______ long________ short________ strong________ big________ small_______ fat_________ thin__________ heavy______ light________ nice_________ good_________ beautiful__________________ low__________ high_________ slow_______ fast________ late__________ early_________ far_________ well_______
练习
一、请写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级。
big ______ ______ small ______ ________ new ______ ________ tall ______ ______ short______ ________ old______ ________ weak ______ ______ strong ______ ______ fat______ ________ hot ______ ______ cold ______ ________ thin ______ ________ nice ______ _____ good ______ ________ high______ ________ bad ______ ______ much ______ ________ low______ ________ well ______ ______ far ______ ________ little ______ ________ cheap______ ______ easy ______ ________ ugly ______ ________ heavy ______ ______ cute ______ ________ fine______ ________ early ______ _____ tidy______ ________ bright______ ________ large ______ ______ happy ______ _______ pretty______ ________ young _______ _______wet _____ _______ long______ _______
clean_______ _______ dirty_____ ______ lovely______ _________ famous________ __________ boring __________ _____________ interesting ________ __________ important ________ ____________ delicious _________ __________ 二、
根据句意填入单词的正确形式:
1. My brother is two years __________(old)than me. 2. Tom is as ________(fat) as Jim。
3. Is your sister __________(young) than you? Yes,she is。 4。 Who is ___________(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.
5. Whose pencil-box is __________(big),yours or hers? Hers is. 6。 Mary’s hair is as __________(long) as Lucy’s.
7.Ben ______ (jump) ________ (high) than some of the boys in his class. 8。________ Nancy sing __________ (well) than Helen? Yes, she _____. 9。Fangfang is not as _________ (tall) as the other girls. 10。My eyes are __________(big) than ________ (she)。. 11.Which is ___________(heavy),the elephant or the pig? 12.Who gets up _________(early),Tim or Tom?
13._____the girls get up_______(early) than the boys? No,they______. 14。 Jim runs _____(slow). But Ben runs _____(slow).
15。The child doesn't______(write) as ____(fast) as the students。 三、用形容词的适当形式填空。
1. Fred is the __________(short ) in his class . 2。 My book is ________( new ) than my sister’s .
3. That piece of chicken is the ___________( heavy )in the fridge 。 4. Her rule is ______(long), and it's the _______(long)of ours all 。 5. Is a fish _________(thin) than a bird ?
6. A rose tree isn’t _______( short ) than a pear tree .
7. The leopard can run _______( fast), but the cheetah can run _____( fast) than it 。 It can run ________( fast ) in the world .
8。 Is she the ________(old ) woman in the world ?
9。 Which is _______( big ), a dinosaur or a blue whale ?