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高考题型提能练(十三) Unit 13
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2016·邯郸高三质检)Since Henry Ford turned it into a mass-market product a century ago, the car has delivered many benefits. It has promoted economic growth, increased social mobility and given people a lot of fun. But the car has also brought many problems. It pollutes the air, creates traffic jams and kills people. An astonishing 1.24 million people die, and as many as 50 million are hurt, in road accidents each year.
Drivers and passengers waste around 90 billion hours in traffic jams each year. In some car-choked cities as much as a third of the petrol used is burned by people looking for a space to park.
Fortunately, a new technology promises to make motoring safer, less polluting and less tendency to hold-ups. “Connected cars” — which may eventually develop into driverless cars but for the foreseeable future will still have a human at the wheel — can communicate wirelessly with each other and with traffic management systems, avoid walkers and other vehicles and find open parking spots.
Some parts of the transformation are already in place. Many new cars are already being fitted with equipment that lets them keep their
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distance and stay in a motorway automatically at a range of speeds. Soon, all new cars in Europe will have to be able to warn the emergency services if their on-board sensors (传感器) discover a crash. Singapore has led the way with using variable tolls (道路通行费) to smooth traffic flows during rush hours; Britain is pioneering “smart motorways”， whose speed limits vary constantly to achieve a_similar_effect. These new inventions could create a much more highly effective system in which cars and their drivers are constantly warned of dangers and showed the ways. Traffic always flows at the proper speed and vehicles can travel closer together, yet with less risk of crashing.
In the past, more people driving meant more roads, more jams, more death and more pollution. In future, the connected car could offer mankind the pleasures of the road with rather less of the pain.
1.According to Paragraph 2, the problem of parking has resulted in ________.
A.more time on the road B.a great waste of fuel C.even heavier traffic jams D.increased death and injuries
2.What does “a similar effect” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A.Reducing traffic jams. B.Building smart motorways.
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C.Setting proper speed limits. D.Keeping steady traffic flows.
3.What is the author's attitude towards connected cars? A.Curious. B.Doubtful. C.Supportive. D.Disappointed.
4.Which of the following can be the best title of the text? A.The Future of Cars: Wireless Wheels B.The Future Traffic Management System C.The Benefits and Problems of Cars D.The Promising Future of Car Production
B
(2016·江西省九校联合考试)If you have an allergy to some food, even a very tiny bit of food can make you sick. Lots of kids have food allergies — about 3 million in the United States alone.
The foods that cause the most food allergies include peanuts and other nuts; seafood, such as shrimp; milk, particularly cow's milk; eggs; wheat.
What Is a Food Allergy?
Food allergies occur when your immune system makes a mistake. Usually, your immune system protects you from germs and disease. It does this by making antibodies that help you fight off bacteria, viruses, and other tiny organisms that can make you sick. But if you have a food
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allergy, your immune system mistakenly treats something in a certain food as if it's really dangerous to you.
What's a Reaction Like?
In the most serious cases, a food allergy can cause anaphylaxis (过敏症). This is a sudden, severe allergic reaction in which several problems occur all at once and can involve the skin, breathing, digestion, the heart and blood vessels. A person's blood pressure can drop, breathing tubes can narrow and the tongue can swell. People at risk for this kind of reaction have to be very careful and need a plan for handling emergencies, when they might need to get special medicine to stop these symptoms from getting worse.
What Will the Doctor Do?
If you think you may be allergic to a certain food, let your parents know. They will take you to the doctor to get it checked out. If your doctor thinks you might have a food allergy, he or she will probably send you to see a doctor who specializes in allergies. The allergy specialist will ask you about past reactions and how long it takes between eating the food and getting the symptom, such as hives. The allergist also may ask about whether anyone else in your family has allergies or other allergy-related conditions. The allergist may also want to do a skin test. This is a way of seeing how your body reacts to a very small amount of the food that is giving you trouble.
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5.According to the passage, you will have a food allergy when your immune system ________.
A.recognizes tiny organisms in a certain food
B.mistakenly makes antibodies to help fight off something in a certain food
C.prevents something harmful in the food from entering your digestive system
D.releases chemicals to remove harmful things in a certain food 6.In the sudden and severe allergic reaction, which of the following may happen?
A.Blood pressure rising. B.Lips swelling. C.Breathing difficulty. D.Heart beating becoming slow.
7.Which of the following suggestions is given to those at risk of severe allergic reaction?
A.Taking medicine as soon as an allergic reaction appears. B.Avoiding eating any food when going outside.
C.Always carrying with special medicine for possible symptoms. D.Preparing a plan for dealing with emergencies ahead of time. 8.What will an allergist do to check your food allergy out? A.Ask you about the allergy-associated information.
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2017届高考英语第一轮题型提能练习题18
