www.100xuexi.com 及详解（二）
圣才电子书 十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台 2015年华东师范大学教育科学学院课程与教学系921综合英语（B）[专业硕士]模拟试题
Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)
Directions: There are three reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best choice to each question. Passage One
Questions 1-5 are based on the following passage:
When water is heated until it boils, bubbles of gas appear and rise through the hot liquid. When an electric current passes through water in a process called electrolysis (电解), bubbles of gas appear and rise through the liquid. Superficially, the two events appear the same.
If the gas from the boiling water is examined, its properties (特性)are found to be the same as those of the water. Thus if the steam is cooled to room temperature, a liquid is formed which is indistinguishable (不可区别) from the original water. When, however, the gas from the electrolysis equipment is cooled to room temperature, it remains a gas rather than becoming a liquid. Nor will it, at zero degrees centigrade or below, turn to solid, as will the gas from boiling water. These two processes, boiling and electrolysis, have dearly resulted in products with quite different properties.
In boiling, the gas does not represent a new substance, but only a different state of
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www.100xuexi.com 圣才电子书 十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台 the original substance. Electrolysis, on the other hand, has generated a product which is a new substance, or possibly a mixture of new substances. A change in state as represented by going from a liquid to a gas without the production of new substances is called a “physical change,” however, when a process takes place that produces new substances, this is called a “chemical change” or a “chemical reaction.” In a chemical reaction, the initial substances are replaced by a new set of substances or products.
1. Which of the following might be the best title for this passage? A. Electrolysis B. Physical and Chemical Changes C. Different Types of Water D. Water Temperatures
2. According to the passage, which of the following is necessary for electrolysis? A. An oxygen tank B. A refrigerator
C. A source of electricity D. A strong water current
3. At a temperature slightly above zero degrees centigrade, which of the following is true of the gas produced by electrolysis? A. It does not become liquid.
B. It cannot be distinguished from water. C. It becomes a solid.
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www.100xuexi.com D. It expands greatly.
圣才电子书 十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台 4. According to the passage, whether a change is physical or chemical depends on ______.
A. whether chemicals are added to the substance B. whether a new substance is produced C. the amount of heat used in the change D. the time allowed for the change
5. It can be inferred from the passage that if grapes, and other ingredients (成分) are used to brew (酿造) wine, the author would most likely say that the wine represents ______.
A. a product of boiling
B. the original substance during boiling C. a new substance
D. only a different state of the original substance
【答案与解析】
1.B 纵观全文，文章描述并比较了水的两种变化过程，即boiling与electrolysis。而这两种，从最后一段可知，分别代表了不同种类的变化类型，即physical change（物理变化）和chemical change（化学变化）。故B项符合。
2.C 从第一段第二句可知，水的电解需要有电流（electric current）通过，故C项符合。 3.A 从第二段可知，水经过电解后形成的气体在冷却至室温，状态是不发生改变的，remains a gas rather than becoming a liquid；即便是在0。C也不会变成固体。故可知
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www.100xuexi.com A项符合。
圣才电子书 十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台 4.B 从第三段可知，判断是物理变化还是化学变化的标准就是看该变化过程是否produces new substances。故B项符合。
5.C 从文章可推知，酿酒过程应属于化学变化，因为在此过程中the initial substances（即葡萄和其它原料）已被 a new set of substances or products（即酒）所代替。故C项符合。
Passage Two
Questions 6-10 are based on the following passage:
The fact that blind men can “see” things by using other parts of their bodies apart from their eyes may help us to understand our feelings about color. If they can sense color differences, then perhaps we, too, are affected by color unconsciously.
Manufacturers have discovered by trial and error that sugar sells badly in green wrappings, that blue foods are considered unpleasant, and the cosmetics (化妆品) should never be packaged in brown. These discoveries have grown into a whole discipline of color psychology that now finds application in everything from fashion to interior decoration. Some of our preferences are clearly psychological. Dark blue is the color of the night sky and therefore associated with calm, while yellow is a day color with associations of energy. For primitive man, activity during the day meant hunting and attacking, while he soon saw as red, the color of blood and rage and the heat that came with effort. And green is associated with-passive defense
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www.100xuexi.com 圣才电子书 十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台 and self-preservation. Experiments have shown that colors, partly because of their psychological associations, also have a direct psychological effect. People exposed to bright red show an increase in heartbeat, and blood pressure; red is exciting. Similar exposure to pure blue has exactly the opposite effect; it is a calming color. Because of this exciting connotations (涵义), red was chosen as the signal for danger, but closer analysis shows that a vivid yellow can produce a more basic state of alertness and alarm, so fire engines and ambulances in some advanced communities are now rushing around in bright yellow colors that stop the traffic dead.
6. By trial and error manufacturers found out that ______. A. blue, green and brown are unpleasant to the eye B. customers are very’ choosy about wrappings C. color plays a decisive role in sales D. color has an effect on sales
7. Which of the following influences people’s likings for certain colors? A. One’s personality. B. Psychological factors. C. Customs and conventions. D. Surroundings and activities.
8. A person who suffers from depression should not be exposed to ______. A. pale green B. bright red
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2015年华东师范大学教育科学学院课程与教学系921综合英语(B)[专业硕士]模拟试题及详解(二)【
