一般现在时与一般过去式小结
一，一般现在时的用法
1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。 时间状语： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 3) 表示格言或警句中。
Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。
注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.. 4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 I don‘t want so much.
Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well. 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now.
第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。
5）时间标志词： every …, sometimes, often usually 6）一般现在时中的动词第三人称单数形式
在一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，即常在动词原形后加-s或-es。现归纳总结如下： 1、人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数。如： He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。 She has lunch at twelve. 她十二点吃午餐。 It looks like a cat. 它看起来像只猫。
2、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语；是第三人称单数。如： ①Han Mei looks like her mother. 韩梅看起来像她的母亲。
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②Beijing is in China. 北京在中国。
③Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔经常做蛋糕。
3、单数可数名词或\单数可数名词\作主语时，是第三人称单数。如：
①A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。 ②This book is yours. 这本书是你的。 ③That car is red. 那辆小汽车是红色的。 ④The cat is Lucy's. 这只猫是露茜的。
4、不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等及指示代词this,
that作主语时，是第三人称单数。如： ①Everyone is here. 大家到齐了。
②There is something wrong with the watch. 这块手表有毛病。 ③This is a pen. 这是一支钢笔。 ④That is an eraser. 那是一块橡皮擦。 5、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如： ①The milk is in the glass. 牛奶在玻璃杯里。 ②The bread is very small. 那面包很小。 6、当数字或字母作主语时，看作第三人称单数。如： ①\是个吉利数字。 ②\是个字母。
二，一般过去时的用法,
1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。
时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。
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Where did you go just now?
2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。
When I was a child, I often played football in the street. Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. 3）句型：
It is time for sb. to do sth \到……时间了\ \该……了\ It is time sb. did sth. \时间已迟了\ \早该……了\ It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。 It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。
would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示‘宁愿某人做某事‘ I‘d rather you came tomorrow.
4) 时间标志词：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now
5）一般过去时：一般过去时的谓语动词要用动词的过去式形式。be动词的过去式有两种：was(是is, am的过去式)，were(是are的过去式)；行为动词的过去式一般在词尾加-ed；不规则变化的动词要参看不规则动词表。含有be的过去时，变否定句在was和were的后面加not。was not与were not可缩写成wasn't和weren't。一般疑问句是把was/were提到句首，并大写第一个字母w，句末用问号。
例： He wasn't in the classroom just now. 刚才他不在教室。 — Were you at home last night? — Yes, I was. / No, I wasn't. — 昨天晚上你在家吗？ — 是的，我在。/ 不，我不在。
6）行为动词的过去时的否定句、一般疑问句怎样改写呢？这就要借助助动词do/does的过去式did了。否定句在did后加not, 并把行为动词恢复原形。如： He didn't do his homework last night. 昨天晚上他没写作业。 而一般疑问句要把did提到句首，行为动词也要恢复原形。如： — Did you listen to the radio yesterday? — Yes, I did. / No, I didn't. — 昨天你听收音机了吗？ — 是的，我听了。/ 不，我没听。
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巩固练习题：
I.写出下列动词的相应形式：
1. 第三人称单数： wash_________ match _______guess______ study______ finish_________
go________ snow______ carry_________ 2.写出下列动词的过去式：stop______ see________ drive ________let_______ carry______
keep_____ join______ find_______ think________ teach______ catch______ 3. 写出下列动词的现在分词形式： stay_______ begin______ forget_______ forget______ lie________ die _______ run_______ prefer______ give________
ring_______ dance______ hope_______ II. 用所给动词的适当形式填空：
1．I ________(write) to you as soon as I _______(get) to London.
2. He doesn’t feel well and ____________(not eat) any food this morning. 3. He ______ not _______(see) me come in, for he ___________(read) something
with great interest.
4. I _________(let) you have the book as soon as I _________(finish) it. 5. While we ________(wait) for our teacher, a little boy ________(run) up to us.
6. Don’t make a niose. Grandpa __________(sleep). 7.It’s seven now, Tom’s family__________(watch) TV.
8. It ________(take) me two hours to finish my homework last night. 9. What ______ your mother _______(do) at eight yesterday evening? She _______(wash) clothes.
10. _______ it ______ (rain) when school was over yesterday?
11. What _______(do) _______ tomorrow? We ________ (play) football. 12. There ________ (be) a football match on TV this evening. 13. They said they ________ (visit) the Great Wall the next summer holiday. 14. Who _______ (dance) the best in your class? 15. Will you come if he _____________ (not come)?
16. The teacher told us the earth __________ (move) round the sun. 17. They _______ (have) a party in the garden if it ________ (not rain) tomorrow.
18 She ________ (buy) a sweater yesterday.
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19. I don’t know if Mr.Wang ______ (go) to Shanghai tomorrow. If he _____ (go),
I ______ (ask) him _______ (take) some books to my daughter, because she _______ (study) there. III单项选择：
1.The students will go to the Summer Palace if it _____ tomorrow. A.don’t rain B. doesn’t rain C. won’t rain 2. There _____ an English film next week.
A. will have B. is going to have C. is going to be D. was going to be 3. The picture _______ nice.
A. looks B. is looked C. look D. is looking
4. She ______ down and soon fell asleep. A. live B. lain C. laid D. lay
5. They _____ the office at nine yesterday morning. A. reached to B. arrived C. went D. get to
6. We shall go to Shanghai on business before you _____ back next week. A. wil come B. came C. would come D. come 7. Don’t smoke until the plane ______ off. A. takes B. took C. was taken D. is take 8. I saw her ____ the room this morning.
A. to enter() B. entered C. enter D. enters
9.the teacher asked us ______ to school on time. A. to come B. coming C. come D. comes 10. John is always ______ others.
A. help B. helping C. helps D. to help 11. He told us ______ at eight.
A. working B. to work C. work D. worked
12. You’d better ______ at home and ______ your homework. A. to stay, do B. stay, do C. to stay, to do D. stay, to do 13. He sat down ______ a rest.
A. having B. have C. to have D. had
14. Uncle Wang knows _______ a washing machine.
A. how to make B. to make C. how making D. what to make
15. Jim decided _______ Polly to Ling Feng when he was back to England. A. to leave B. left C. leaving D. leave
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初中英语一般现在时与一般过去式小结
