专题二 短文改错
策略综述
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解题流程
1．细读全文，了解全篇
首先要细读全文，弄懂全篇的主旨，背景和素材。记住必须做到一句一句地读，在读的过程中可以把初步确定的错误标出来。
2．分句阅读，逐句纠错
在此过程中，考生一定要细心，要根据上表中的考点方向去发现错误，可以先易后难。 3．重读文章，仔细推敲
最后要将改正后的短文再仔细阅读一遍，看词法、句法及行文逻辑是否合理恰当，如有不适及时纠正。
真题导练
A
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Since I was a kid, I've considered different job I would like to do. First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coolly. Then, when I was in the five grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher too much. When I studied chemistry high school, I reconsidered my goal or decided to be a doctor. They were two reasons for the decision. One was that I was amazing at the fact that a sick person could feel much more better after seeing a doctor. And the other is that I wanted to help people in need.
1.形容词different后跟名词的复数形式。故应将job改成jobs。 2．系动词look后跟形容词作表语。故应将coolly改成cool。
3．“上五年级”有两种表达方式：in the fifth grade或in Grade Five。故应将five改成fifth。
4．此处表示“我非常喜欢我的英语老师”。too much表示“太多”，而very/so much表示“非常”，故应将too改成very/so。
5．“在高中”的表达应为in/at high school。故应在high前加in/at。 6．reconsidered和decided这两个动作是递进关系，故应将or改为and。 7．此处是There_be固定句型。故应将They改为There。
8．－ed形容词说明人的感受，意为“感到……的”，－ing形容词描述人或事物本身具有的特征，意为“令人……的”，此处说明主语I的感受，故应将amazing改为amazed。
9．本句中better本身已经是比较级，前面只需要much来修饰，表示程度，more在本句中为多余成分，故应将其去掉。
10．此处是叙述过去发生的事情，所以用一般过去时。故应将is改为was。
B
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(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. They also had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed.
1.此处特指去的是乡下，故应在countryside前加the。
2．根据第一句中的“During my last winter holiday”可知，时态应用一般过去时。故应将find改成found。
3．根据句意“他们住在一个小房子里，院子里有狗、鸭子和其他牲畜。”可知，应将another改成other。
4．根据句意“去年冬天，我又一次去了那里。”可知，应将here改成there。 5．根据前文的“dozens of”可知，其后用名词复数形式。故应将chicken改为chickens。 6．此处a_small_pond是先行词，且关系词在后面的定语从句中作地点状语成分，故应用in_which或where来引导从句。
7．介词by后应用动名词形式，故将sell改为selling。 8．系动词feel后应用形容词作表语，故将happily改成happy。
9．时间名词有every, each, last等词修饰时，其前不用介词。故应去掉for。 10．根据语意“我计划每两年回来一次，他同意了。”可知，此处是并列关系，故应将but改成and。
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C
(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)When I look at this picture of myself, I realize of how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time：car magazines and musical instruments. I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the late music albums. This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days.
1.realize是及物动词，故应去掉of。
2．由时间状语“in the past few years”可知，此处强调的是发生在过去的动作对现在的影响，因此应用现在完成时。故将had改为have。
3．not only ... but_also ... “不但……而且……”，为固定搭配。故将and改为but。
4．photo与take之间为被动关系，故应用被动语态。故将took改为taken。 5．“我”进入高中第二学年并成为学校音乐俱乐部的新成员这一系列动作发生在过去，所以应将become改为became。
6．上文已提到过这张照片，因此要用the表特指，或者用this。故在picture前加这个词。
7．things后为定语从句，修饰先行词things，且关系词在从句中作主语成分，所以应用关系代词来引导从句。故将they改为that/which。
8．名词kinds前需要形容词来修饰，故应将difference改为different。 9．此处表示收集“最新”的音乐专辑，故将late改为latest。 10．全文以第一人称介绍了作者的故事，故应将your改为my。
第1讲 词法类
词法类错误在短文改错中所占比例很大，我们建议考生在解题流程的第1、2步中去解决此类问题，对于此类错误，考生要学会分析句子成分，注意平时积累，强化语言基础。
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考点1 动词类错误
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football.
答案 say→saying
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Now my dream is to open a cafe. Though it may appear simple, it required a lot of ideas and efforts.
答案 required→requires
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)As a kid, I loved to watch cartoon, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me.
答案 watching→watch; 去掉let前的to
4．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)I thought I had learned the instructor's orders, but once I started the car, my mind goes blank.
答案 goes→went
5．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)We can chose between staying at home and taking a trip. 答案 chose→choose
1．辨清非谓语动词与谓语动词
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2020高考英语大二轮复习冲刺经典专题语法部分专题二短文改错第1讲短文改错教学案
