2020年高考英语词汇语法专题14：状语从句易错点解题方法

专题14 状语从句易错点解题方法

在主句中作状语的句子叫状语从句。它可以用来修饰谓语（包括非谓语动词）、定语或状语，或是整个句子。状语从句中连接词的选择是状语从句考查的重点。准确掌握每一个连词的含义是掌握状语从句的关键。其次还考查状语从句的时态、倒装及省略等。状语从句的连接词可根据主、从句的关系及所需连词的意义来选择。

状语从句一般分为九大类：

1. 时间状语从句； 2.地点状语从句； 3.原因状语从句； 4.目的状语从句； 5.结果状语从句； 6.条件状语从句； 7.方式状语从句；8. 比较状语从句； 9.让步状语从句。其中1；6；9是近5年来的热点。 ◆典型陷阱真题分析◆

1. “May I go and play with Dick this afternoon, Mum?” “No, you can’t go out _______ your work is being done.” A. before B. until C. as D. the moment 【答案】C.

【解析】容易误选B，误认为这是考查 not…until…结构。最佳答案选 C。句中的 your work is being done 表明“你正在做作业”，选 as 表原因。

2. “I’m going to the post office.” “_______ you’re there, can you get me some stamps?” A. As

B. While C. Because D. If

【答案】B.

【解析】容易误选A。最佳答案选 B。 尽管 as 和 while 均可用作从属连词引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，但两者有一个重要区别，就是这样用的 as 从句的谓语不能是状态动词。当然，如果 as 不是表示“当……的时候”，其谓语是完全可以用状态动词的。如：

I went to bed early, as I was exhausted. 我很累了，所以很早就上床睡了。(此句中的 as 表示原因，意为“因为”、“由于”)

3. After the war, a new school building was put up ______ there had once been a theatre.

A. that 【答案】D.

【解析】几个干扰项均有可能误选。最佳答案选 D。where 在此引导地点状语从句，其意为“(在)……的地方”。

4. The visitor asked to have his picture taken _______ stood the famous tower.

B. when C. which

D. where

A. that 【答案】D.

B. at which C. when D. where

【解析】几个干扰项均有可能误选。最佳答案选 D。此题与上面一题有些相似，但又有所不同：相似的是，where 均表示“在……的地方”，均用以引导地点状语从句；不同的是，此题还涉及倒装，即此句的主语是 the famous tower，谓语是 stood，正常词序为 where the famous tower stood，使用倒装是为了保持句子平衡，避免头重脚轻。

5. He was about to tell me the secret ______ someone patted him on the shoulder.

A. as B. until C. when 【答案】C.

【解析】几个干扰项均有可能误选。最佳答案选 C。when 意为“这时(突然)”，主要用于某一动作突然发生于另一动作正在进行或刚要发生之时。此时的 when 可以连用副词 suddenly，也可以不连用它，但值得注意的是，同学们不能单独用 suddenly 来代替 when.

6. The fire went on for quite some time _______ it was brought under control. A. when B. since C. after 【答案】D.

【解析】几个干扰项均有可能误选。最佳答案选 D。before 意为“在……之前”， 句意是“大火在得到控制之前燃烧了相当一段时间”。

7. Mother asked me to take more money _____something unexpected should happen. A. in case B. so that C. in order that 【答案】A.

【解析】几个干扰项均有可能误选。最佳答案选 A。 in case 起连词作用，用以引导状语从句，主要有两种意思： 一是表示条件，意为“如果”、“万一”； 二是表示“目的”，意为“以防”、“免得”。

8. _______ your composition carefully, some spelling mistakes can be avoided. A. Having checked B. Check C. If you check D. To check 【答案】C.

【解析】几个干扰项均有可能误选，尤其可能误选A。最佳答案选 C。前面一个分句为条件状语从句，后面一个分句为主句。

现分析几个干扰项：选项 A 和 D 均为非谓语动词，根据英语语法习惯，非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句子主语一致，而此句的 some spelling mistakes 显然不能用作 having checked 或 to check 的逻辑主语，故不能选为答案；若选 B，则两个句子之间缺少必要的连词，也不对。

D. when

D. before D. while

9. “Shall Mary come and play computer games?” “No, _______ she has finished her homework.” A. when B. since C. unless 【答案】C.

【解析】几个干扰项均有可能误选。最佳答案选 C。

此句为省略句，答句句首的 No 表明其后省略的是一个否定句，全句补充完整为： She can’t play computer games unless she has finished her homework.

10. “When did he leave the classroom?” “He left _______ you turned back to write on the blackboard.” A. the time

B. the moment

D. as soon as

C. until D. since 【答案】B.

【解析】几个干扰项均有可能误选。最佳答案选 B。the moment 用作连词，意为“一……就……”，相当于 as soon as。类似地，the minute, the instant 也可用作连词，表示“一……就……”的意思。

◆精编陷阱题训练◆

1. Don't be afraid of asking for help _______ it is needed. A. unless B. since C. although 【答案】D.

【解析】选 D。when 意为\在(当)……时候\。其余三项填入空格处，句意不通。

2. A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners' curiosity ________ he reaches the end of the story. A. when B. unless C. after D. until 【答案】D.

【解析】选 D。until 意为\直到\，句意为\一位优秀的故事讲述者必须能够让听众在故事结束前一直保持好奇心\。

3. _______ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it. A. Even though

B. Unless D. when

C. As long as D. while 【答案】C.

【解析】选 C。as long as 意为\只要\，全句意为\只要我知道这钱是安全的，我就不会担心了\。类似地，

下面一题也选 as long as：

\A. as far as B. as long as C. even if D. as if

4 You will succeed in the end ____ you give up halfway. A. even if B. as though C. as long as D. unless 【答案】D.

【解析】选 D。unless 意为\如果不\、\除非\，用以引导一个条件状语从句。

5. \became one of the top students in his grade.\

A. after B. unless C. until D. when 【答案】C.

【解析】选 C。考查 not…until… 句式，其意为\直到……才……\。

6. _____ I suggest, he always disagrees. A. However

B. Whatever

C. Whichever D. Whoever 【答案】B.

【解析】选B。whatever 引导的是让步状语从句，相当于 no matter what。注意不能选A，因为 suggest 是及物动词，它应带自己的宾语，而 however 不能用作宾语。

7. You should put on the notices ______ all the people may see them. A. where B. in which C. at D. for them 【答案】A.

【解析】选A。where 指\在……的地方\，用以引导地点状语从句。

8. _____ she goes, there are crowds of people waiting to see her. A. Wherever B. However C. Whichever D. Whoever 【答案】A.

【解析】选A，wherever 意为\无论什么地方\。

9. Mary clapped her hand over her mouth _______ she realized what she had said. A. while B. as soon as C. suddenly 【答案】B.

【解析】选 B。根据语境可推知。如下面一题也选as soon as：

_______ he became rich he cast aside all his old friends who gave him some help. A. While B. As soon as C. Suddenly

D. Then

D. then

10. ________ her faults, she's Arnold's mother. Don't be so rude to her. A. Whatever B. What C. Whichever D. Whenever 【答案】A.

【解析】 选A。whatever her faults 为让步状语从句，句末省略了谓语动词 are。

11. ____ you've got a chance, you might as well make full use of it. A. Now that B. After C. Although 【答案】A.

【解析】 选 A。now that 为连词，用以引导原因状语从句，其意为\既然\，与since 同义。其中的 might as well意为\不妨\。全句意为\既然你得到一个机会，你不妨充分利用它\。

12. I thought she was the very girl that I should marry _______ I met her. A. first time

B. for the first time

D. by the first time D. As soon as

C. the first time 【答案】C.

【解析】 选C。the first time 在此用作连词，用以引导状语从句。句意为\我第一次见到她就认为她很诚实\。

13. Don't play by the river _______ you fall in and drown! A. in case

B. so that

D. when

C. in order that 【答案】C.

【解析】 选C。in case 意为\以防\。

14. Why do you want a new job ____ you've got such a good one already? A. that

B. where

C. which D. when 【答案】D.

【解析】 选 D。when 不表示\当……的时候\，而表示\既然\，相当于 since，用以引导原因状语从句。全句意为：你既然已经有了这么好的工作，干吗还要找新的工作呢? 请再两例：

I can't tell you when you won't listen. 既然你不想听，我就不告诉你了。 Why use wood when you can use plastic? 既然能用塑料，为什么还要用木料? 15. He is better than _______ I last visited him. A. when B. that C. how D. which 【答案】A.

【解析】 选A。than 后省略了 he was，假若补充完整，全句即为 He is better than he was when I last visited him。