where TestDB.Occmonth=db101.Occmonth and TestDB.DebitOccur<=db101.DebitOccur
);
4.统计每年每月的信息 year month amount 1991 1 1.1 1991 2 1.2 1991 3 1.3 1991 4 1.4 1992 1 2.1 1992 2 2.2 1992 3 2.3 1992 4 2.4 查成这样一个结果 year m1 m2 m3 m4 1991 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4
1992 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4
提示:这个与工资条非常类似,与学生的科目成绩也很相似。
准备sql语句:
drop table if exists sales;
create table sales(id int auto_increment primary key,year varchar(10), month varchar(10), amount float(2,1));
insert into sales values (null,'1991','1',1.1), (null,'1991','2',1.2), (null,'1991','3',1.3), (null,'1991','4',1.4), (null,'1992','1',2.1), (null,'1992','2',2.2), (null,'1992','3',2.3), (null,'1992','4',2.4);
答案一、 select sales.year ,
(select t.amount from sales t where t.month='1' and t.year= sales.year) '1', (select t.amount from sales t where t.month='1' and t.year= sales.year) '2', (select t.amount from sales t where t.month='1' and t.year= sales.year) '3', (select t.amount from sales t where t.month='1' and t.year= sales.year) as '4' from sales group by year;
5.显示文章标题,发帖人、最后回复时间 表:id,title,postuser,postdate,parentid
准备sql语句:
drop table if exists articles;
create table articles(id int auto_increment primary key,title varchar(50), postuser varchar(10), postdate datetime,parentid int references articles(id)); insert into articles values
(null,'第一条','张三','1998-10-10 12:32:32',null), (null,'第二条','张三','1998-10-10 12:34:32',null), (null,'第一条回复1','李四','1998-10-10 12:35:32',1), (null,'第二条回复1','李四','1998-10-10 12:36:32',2), (null,'第一条回复2','王五','1998-10-10 12:37:32',1), (null,'第一条回复3','李四','1998-10-10 12:38:32',1), (null,'第二条回复2','李四','1998-10-10 12:39:32',2), (null,'第一条回复4','王五','1998-10-10 12:39:40',1);
答案:
select a.title,a.postuser,
(select max(postdate) from articles where parentid=a.id) reply from articles a where a.parentid is null;
注释:子查询可以用在选择列中,也可用于where的比较条件中,还可以用于from从句中。 3.删除除了id号不同,其他都相同的学生冗余信息 2.学生表 如下:
id号 学号 姓名 课程编号 课程名称 分数 1 2005001 张三 0001 数学 69 2 2005002 李四 0001 数学 89
3 2005001 张三 0001 数学 69
A: delete from tablename where id号 not in(select min(id号) from tablename group by 学号,姓名,课程编号,课程名称,分数) 实验:
create table student2(id int auto_increment primary key,code varchar(20),name varchar(20)); insert into student2 values(null,'2005001','张三'),(null,'2005002','李四'),(null,'2005001','张三');
//如下语句,mysql报告错误,可能删除依赖后面统计语句,而删除又导致统计语句结果不一致。
delete from student2 where id not in(select min(id) from student2 group by name); //但是,如下语句没有问题:
select * from student2 where id not in(select min(id) from student2 group by name);
//于是,我想先把分组的结果做成虚表,然后从虚表中选出结果,最后再将结果作为删除的条件数据。
delete from student2 where id not in(select mid from (select min(id) mid from student2 group by name) as t); 或者:
delete from student2 where id not in(select min(id) from (select * from s
tudent2) as t group by t.name); 4.航空网的几个航班查询题: 表结构如下:
flight{flightID,StartCityID ,endCityID,StartTime} city{cityID, CityName) 实验环境:
create table city(cityID int auto_increment primary key,cityName varchar(20)); create table flight (flightID int auto_increment primary key, StartCityID int references city(cityID),
endCityID int references city(cityID),
StartTime timestamp);
//航班本来应该没有日期部分才好,但是下面的题目当中涉及到了日期 insert into city values(null,'北京'),(null,'上海'),(null,'广州'); insert into flight values
(null,1,2,'9:37:23'),(null,1,3,'9:37:23'),(null,1,2,'10:37:23'),(null,2,3,'10:37:23');
1、查询起飞城市是北京的所有航班,按到达城市的名字排序
参与运算的列是我起码能够显示出来的那些列,但最终我不一定把它们显示出来。各个表组合出来的中间结果字段中必须包含所有运算的字段。
select * from flight f,city c where f.endcityid = c.cityid and startcityid = (select c1.cityid from city c1 where c1.cityname = \北京\
order by c.cityname asc;
mysql> select flight.flightid,'北京' startcity, e.cityname from flight,city e wh ere flight.endcityid=e.cityid and flight.startcityid=(select cityid from city wh ere cityname='北京');
mysql> select flight.flightid,s.cityname,e.cityname from flight,city s,city e wh ere flight.startcityid=s.cityid and s.cityname='北京' and flight.endCityId=e.cit yID order by e.cityName desc;
2、查询北京到上海的所有航班纪录(起飞城市,到达城市,起飞时间,航班号) select c1.CityName,c2.CityName,f.StartTime,f.flightID from city c1,city c2,flight f where f.StartCityID=c1.cityID and f.endCityID=c2.cityID and c1.cityName='北京' and c2.cityName='上海'
3、查询具体某一天(2005-5-8)的北京到上海的的航班次数 select count(*) from
(select c1.CityName,c2.CityName,f.StartTime,f.flightID from city c1,city c2,flight f where f.StartCityID=c1.cityID and f.endCityID=c2.cityID and c1.cityName='北京'
and c2.cityName='上海'
and 查帮助获得的某个日期处理函数(startTime) like '2005-5-8%'
mysql中提取日期部分进行比较的示例代码如下:
select * from flight where date_format(starttime,'%Y-%m-%d')='1998-01-02' 5.查出比经理薪水还高的员工信息: Drop table if not exists employees;
create table employees(id int primary key auto_increment,name varchar(50) ,salary int,managerid int references employees(id));
insert into employees values (null,' lhm',10000,null), (null,' zxx',15000,1 ),(null,'flx',9000,1),(null,'tg',10000,2),(null,'wzg',10000,3);
Wzg大于flx,lhm大于zxx
解题思路:
根据sql语句的查询特点,是逐行进行运算,不可能两行同时参与运算。
涉及了员工薪水和经理薪水,所有,一行记录要同时包含两个薪水,所有想到要把这个表自关联组合一下。
首先要组合出一个包含有各个员工及该员工的经理信息的长记录,譬如,左半部分是员工,右半部分是经理。而迪卡尔积会组合出很多垃圾信息,先去除这些垃圾信息。
select e.* from employees e,employees m where e.managerid=m.id and e.sala ry>m.salary;
6、求出小于45岁的各个老师所带的大于12岁的学生人数 数据库中有3个表 teacher 表,student表,tea_stu关系表。 teacher 表 teaID name age student 表 stuID name age teacher_student表 teaID stuID 要求用一条sql查询出这样的结果
1.显示的字段要有老师name, age 每个老师所带的学生人数 2 只列出老师age为40以下,学生age为12以上的记录 预备知识:
1.sql语句是对每一条记录依次处理,条件为真则执行动作(select,insert,delete,update) 2.只要是迪卡尔积,就会产生“垃圾”信息,所以,只要迪卡尔积了,我们首先就要想到清除“垃圾”信息 实验准备:
drop table if exists tea_stu;
drop table if exists teacher;
drop table if exists student;
create table teacher(teaID int primary key,name varchar(50),age int); create table student(stuID int primary key,name varchar(50),age int);
create table tea_stu(teaID int references teacher(teaID),stuID int references student(stuID));
insert into teacher values(1,'zxx',45), (2,'lhm',25) , (3,'wzg',26) , (4,'tg',27); insert into student values(1,'wy',11), (2,'dh',25) , (3,'ysq',26) , (4,'mxc',27); insert into tea_stu values(1,1), (1,2), (1,3); insert into tea_stu values(2,2), (2,3), (2,4); insert into tea_stu values(3,3), (3,4), (3,1);
insert into tea_stu values(4,4), (4,1), (4,2) , (4,3);
结果:2?3,3?2,4?3
解题思路:(真实面试答题时,也要写出每个分析步骤,如果纸张不够,就找别人要) 1要会统计分组信息,统计信息放在中间表中:
select teaid,count(*) from tea_stu group by teaid;
2接着其实应该是筛除掉小于12岁的学生,然后再进行统计,中间表必须与student关联才能得到12岁以下学生和把该学生记录从中间表中剔除,代码是: select tea_stu.teaid,count(*) total from student,tea_stu
where student.stuid=tea_stu.stuid and student.age>12 group by tea_stu.teaid
3.接着把上面的结果做成虚表与teacher进行关联,并筛除大于45的老师 select teacher.teaid,teacher.name,total from teacher ,(select tea_stu.tea
id,count(*) total from student,tea_stu where student.stuid=tea_stu.stuid and stu dent.age>12 group by tea_stu.teaid) as tea_stu2 where teacher.teaid=tea_stu2.tea id and teacher.age<45;
7.求出发帖最多的人:
select authorid,count(*) total from articles group by authorid
having total=
(select max(total2) from (select count(*) total2 from articles group by authorid) as t);
select t.authorid,max(t.total) from
(select authorid,count(*) total from articles )as t
这条语句不行,因为max只有一列,不能与其他列混淆。
select authorid,count(*) total from articles
group by authorid having total=max(total)也不行。