高中英语学习材料
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语法专练（if真实条件句与虚拟条件句）
Ⅰ.单项填空
1. ________ , man could not live at all. A. Were it not for the sun B. If it was for the sun
C. Had it not been for the sun D. If it shouldn’t be for the sun 2.If I_______enough money,I_______the dictionary now. A. have;would buy B. had;would buy
C. had had;would have bought D. should have;would buy
3.Mary failed the driving test again. If she______harder,she ________ the test easily. A. practiced;would pass B. had practiced;would pass
C. had practiced;would have passed D. should practice;should have passed
4._______this afternoon,you would have to come again next week.
A. The boss were not to return B. The boss didn’t return C. Didn’t the boss return
D. Were the boss not to return
5.If there_______an art exhibition in our city next week,our class________ go and enjoy it. A. will be;would B. would be;will C. were;will D. should be;would
6.I’m feeling sorry that my mother died of cancer. Now if I ________ a millionaire，I_______a hospital for those with cancer. A. had been;would have opened B. were;would open C. was;would open
D. am;will open
7.Had I been a little more careful,I _______ such a foolish mistake.
A. won’t make B. hadn’t made
C. didn’t make D. wouldn’t have made 8.The volleyball match will be put off if it _______.
A. will rain B.rains C. rained D. is rained 9.It is a pity that the old man was dead. If his daughter had known more about giving first aid,she _______ his life. A. could save B. should save C. could have saved D. saved
10.If I_______time,I________a chat with you soon.
A. have;will have B. had;will have
C. had had;would have had D. have had;would have had
.用所给词的正确形式填空
1.You are likely to get lost if you________（not take) a map with you.
2. If I_________（know) his telephone number，I would have called him.
3. If he goes to Beijing,I ________ (go) with him. 4.What would we do if it ________ （rain) tomorrow?
5.If I________（know) his address，I would pay him a visit.
6.If I________（not leave）the meeting halfway yesterday,I would have known his decision. 7.He ________ (give) up if he fails a second time. 8.If he ________ (arrive),he will give me a call. Ⅱ
参考答案
Ⅰ.1.A 考查虚拟语气。句意：如果不是因为有阳光，人类根本就不能活。根据虚拟条件句的倒装特征判断此处是省略了if的虚拟句，原句应为：if it 的生命了。根据句意可知，本句是对过去事实的虚拟，主句谓语动词应用would/could/ should/might＋have done。 were not for the sun，man could not live at all．故选择A。
2.B 考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我有足够的钱，我现在就会买这本词典。由语境可知，此处为if引导的虚拟条件句，叙述与现在的事实相反的情况，主句谓语动词用would/could/should/might do，从句用过去时，B项正确。
3.C 句意：玛丽又没有通过驾照考试。如果她练习得再刻苦些的话，她会很容易地通过考试的。本句考查if条件状语从句中的虚拟语气，此处是对过去的虚拟，从句谓语动词应用had＋过去分词，主句谓语动词用would/could/might have done。故选C。
4.D 考查虚拟语气。句意：今天下午老板不回来的话，你得下周再来。本句为if引导的虚拟条件句的省略倒装形式，Were the boss not to return的完整形式为If the hoss were not to return，叙述与将来的事实相反的情况。
5.D 考查虚拟语气。句意：如果下周在我们的城市有艺术展的话，我们班同学就可以去欣赏了。根据句意可知，本句是对将来的虚拟假设，故从句谓语动词用should＋动词原形，主句谓语动词用would+动词原形。
6.B 考查虚拟语气。句意：我为我母亲死于癌症而感到伤心。现在，如果我是百万富翁，我会为那些癌症患者开设一家医院。此处表示和现在的事实相反的情况。故选B。
7.D 考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我稍微更小心一点的话，我就不会犯这么愚蠢的错误了。Had I been a little more careful为if引导虚拟条件句的省略倒装形式，相当于If I had been a little more careful，叙述与过去的事实相反的情况，主句谓语动词用would/should/could/might have done，故D项正确。 8.B 句中if引导的是真实条件句。真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生，其中if是“如果”的意思。
9.C 考查虚拟语气。句意：真遗憾这位老人死了。如果他女儿了解更多急救知识的话，她就能挽救他
10.A 句意：如果我有时间，不久我就会和你谈一谈。结合句意和选项可知，此处是指将来的一种真实的可能，是真实条件句，故从句用一般现在时，主句用将来时。 Ⅱ.1. don’t take 2. had known 3. will go 4. should rain/were to rain/rained 5. knew 6. hadn’t left 7. will give 8. arrive
北师大版高中英语必修二同步练测：Unit4Cyberspace语法专练（if真实条件句与虚拟条件句）.docx
