英语发音规则
一、 元音字母在重读音节中的读音
字母 a
读音 开音节中[e?] 闭音节中[?] 开音节中 [i :] 闭音节中 [e] 开音节中 [ɑ?]
i
闭音节中 [?] 开音节中 [?u] 闭音节中 [D] 开音节中 [ju:] 闭音节中 [Λ]
例词
name plane Jane baby cake bag dad hat map black back
he these me Chinese bed let pen desk yes bike drive time nice kite fish big drink sit milk swim
those close go home no clock not box shop sock student excuse duty Tuesday bus cup jump much lunch
e
o u
【注意】在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j, l ,r ,s后面时读[u:]音,例如:June blue ruler super
二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音
字母 a e i
读音 [?] [?] [?] [?] [?]/[?] [a?] [?] [?u]
u
[?] [ju:]
例词
China another woman breakfast orange village cabbage
hundred student open weekend chicken pocket begin
holiday beautiful family animal exercise satellite
second tonight somebody welcome
also zero photo autumn difficult
popular congratulation January
o
【注意】动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[e?]音,例如:operate
u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j、 l、 r、 s后面时,读[u(:)]音,例如:July influence February issue
二、 元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音
字母
读音
在[w]音后面读 [D]
a
quality
glass fast father
most old cold postcard
例词
want what watch wash
在f、n、 sk 、ph 、sp 、after plant graph ask grasp ss 、st 、th前读 [ɑ:]
在-nd、-ld和-gh前读[ɑ?] find child light high
在-st、-ld前读[?u]
在m、n 、v 、th前读[Λ] come monkey love mother 字组 ar
读音 一般读[ɑ:] 在[w]后读[?:]
or
一般读[?:]
[з:]
sharp
warm quarter towards forty morning short certainly bird Thursday
例词
car farm dark
i o
四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
在[w]音后读 [з:] word worker worse
er、 ir、 ur
【注意】 辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成 -r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音，例如: carry sorry hurry
-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[?]音，例如:dollar teacher forget Saturday
五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组 are ere ire ore ure
读 音 [e?] [??] [ɑ??] [?:] [ju:?]
例 词
care dare hare here mere fire hire wire
more score before shore bore pure cure
【注意】are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[?]音,例如:picture pleasure
重读元音字母加r,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母r读[r]音，例如: parent zero story during inspiring
某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象，例如:orange very American paragraph
六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组 ai/ay air al au/aw
读音 [e?] [e?] [?:l] [ɑ:] 在f、m前[?:l]
[?:] [i:]
ea
[e] [e?] [??]
ear
[e?] [з:]
ee eer ei/ey eu/ew ie/ei oa oar/oor oi/oy
[i:] [??] [e?] [i:] [u:] [i:] [?u] [?:] [??]
play
例 词
afraid rain wait
day
air hair chair pair repair always also salt almost half calm palm
small ball talk wall all autumn daughter draw teach easy cheap please heavy
bread
sweater
weather break great
hear dear near clear year
bear pear wear earth learn early jeep week green three pioneer deer beer eight neighbour they either key flew brew
piece field receive coat Joan boat goal roar board door floor noise point boy toilet
在j、l、r、s后 [ju:] new few newspaper
[u:]
oo
[u] [ɑu]
ou/ow
[?u] [Λ] [u:] [?:]
our
[ɑu?] [з:]
ui
[u:]
broom food tooth school book look cook foot good
flower house count down know row throw though young country enough group you soup course your four our hour journey
juice fruit suit
ours
在j、l 、r、 s后[ju: ?] fluid suicide tuition
例 词 七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音
元音字组
读 音 [?] [?u] [?]/ [?]。 [∫n] 在元音字母后 [n] 在s后 [t∫n]
[sn] [sl] [??] [t∫?]
ai/ay 、ei/ey
ow ou、ui -sion、 -tion
-sion -tion -sten -stle -sure -ture
Sunday foreign monkey yellow sparrow biscuit impression
nation
vision decision occasion question suggestion listen
whistle castle pleasure measure
picture culture
tomorrow
neighbour serious famous
八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音
复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。
例如: everyday [e?] handbag [?] blackboard [?:]
有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。
例如:
sun太阳 + day[e?]日子 > Sunday[?] 星期天 break中断 + fast[ɑ:]斋戒 > breakfast[?] 早餐 cup茶杯 + board木板[?:] > cupboard[?] 碗柜
九、辅音字组的读音
字母组 b c
读 音 [b] [/] [k]
在 e前或在i/y前 [s]
[t∫]
ch
[k] [∫]
-ck d -dge dr- f -ds g gh gu-、-gue
h j k kn- l m
[k] [d] [d?] [dr] [f] [dz] [g]
在e、i、y前 [d ]
[f] [/]
在非重读音节中 [g]
[gw] [h] [/] [d? ] [k] [n] [l] [m]
例 词
bike bus bag bomb tomb
cake picture coat music face decide cinema
much chick rich teacher school headache chemistry machine
cock pocket black knock
doctor bread hand day bridge fridge
children driver drink five four breakfast stands floods goods bag gardon go orange large German cough enough
light daughter high guess league dialogue language anguish
hot head house hand hour honest
jeep jar joke join July kind bike skate make knife know knock life milk school tall monkey come autumn
(完整版)英语发音规则(详细)
