一、高中英语任务型阅读
1．根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When big news breaks, it's easy to get caught up in following the story online. The Internet can be a place to find useful information. ________ Helping kids understand the news and how to separate fact from fiction is an important job for parents and educators.
Here's some advice that parents can offer kids to help them be quicker to judge as they consume news online.
________ In the rush to cover stories, reporters make mistakes, officials don't always have correct information and tidbits (八卦新闻) that sound reasonable often get passed around before anyone has checked them for accuracy.
Use social media wisely. Some say Twitter is a great source of news in the first few minutes of a tragedy. ________ On the other hand, Facebook can be a great way to connect with friends affected by events in the news and to spread personal news within a more limited circle. Be skeptical. ________ After the Boston Marathon bombing, NBC Sports reported that some runners kept running all the way to the hospital to donate blood for the victims. Not true. There are plenty of websites devoted to exposing false news stories. The Washington Post also has a Fact Checker column that delivers claims made by public officials and politicians. Visit them to find out if a story is true.
Keep it age-appropriate. Kids aren't always ready to digest big, tragic news - especially if the news is about kids, such as school shootings or abuses. The constant repetition of information can be confusing for younger kids, and at the beginning of a news event, parents might not be able to offer any correct answers. ________ A. Remember, breaking news is often wrong. B. It also can be the source of misinformation.
C. If something sounds too good to be true, it probably is. D. Make sure you and your kids aren't falling victim to false news. E. However, after that it just becomes messy and largely inaccurate. F. With social media at your fingertips, it's convenient to express your opinion.
G. Kids who are eager to learn more about certain events can check kid-guided news sources. 【答案】 B；A；E；C；G
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些父母可以提供给孩子的建议，这些帮助他们在网上阅读新闻时更快地做出判断。
（1）上文提示“互联网是一个可以找到有用信息的地方。”承接上文，B项It also can be the source of misinformation.（它也可能是错误信息的来源。）切题。此处also将上下文连接在一起。故选B。
（2）下文提示“在匆忙报道新闻的过程中，记者会犯错误，官员们并不总是掌握正确的信息，而那些听起来合情合理的小道消息往往会在任何人检查其准确性之前就被传开。”承接下文，A项Remember, breaking news is often wrong.（记住，突发新闻往往是错误的。）切
题。故选A。
（3）上文提示“有人说，在悲剧发生的头几分钟里，Twitter是一个很好的新闻来源。”承接上文，E．However, after that it just becomes messy and largely inaccurate.（然而，在那之后，它就变得混乱，而且在很大程度上是不准确的。）切题。该项中的However表示一种转折关系，将上下文仅仅联系在一起。故选E。
（4）根据本段小标题“务必持怀疑态度”。再根据下文提示“波士顿马拉松爆炸案发生后，NBC体育报道称，一些跑步者一直跑到医院为受害者献血。不是真的。”承接标题和下文，C项If something sounds too good to be true, it probably is.（如果某件事听起来好得令人难以置信，那么它很可能不是真的。）切题。故选C。
（5）上文提示“不断重复的信息可能会让年幼的孩子感到困惑，而且在新闻活动开始时，父母可能无法提供任何正确的答案。”承接上文，G项Kids who are eager to learn more about certain events can check kid-guided news sources.（想要更多地了解某些事件的孩子可以查看儿童指导的新闻来源。）切题。故选G。 【点评】阅读理解七选五解题步骤
1）分析选项，串联主题：了解文章的主题、大意，会让解题的方向更明确。 2）研究空格前后，对比选项，选择答案。 3）复读短文，核对答案：为了保证答案的正确性，一定要把答案代入原文，进行核对检查。
2．Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
________ According to a new survey by the National Sleep Foundation, 51% of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 pm or later on school nights, even though they have to get up early. Last year the Foundation reported that nearly 60% of 7- to 12-year-olds said they felt tired during the day, and 15% said they had fallen asleep at school.
________ Babies need a lot of rest: most of them sleep about 18 hours a day! Adults need about eight hours. For most school-age children, ten hours is ideal. But the new National Sleep Foundation survey found that 35% of 10- to 12-year-olds get only seven or eight hours. And guess what almost half of the surveyed kids said they do before bedtime? Watch TV.
\with more homework, the Internet and the phone,\at Brown University Medical School. She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep. ________ Changing levels of body chemicals called hormones not only make teenagers' bodies develop adult characteristics, but also make it hard for teenagers to fall asleep before 11 pm.
Because sleepiness is such a problem for teenagers, some school districts have decided to start high school classes later than they used to. ________ Students parents and teachers are pleased with the results.
A. How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age. B. Other experts say part of the problem is chemical.
C. Getting less sleep has become a bad habit for most American kids.
D. what homework waiting for kids might always affects them sleep well every night. E. Raising the minimum sleep is identified as a key way to help solve the problem.
F. Three years ago, schools in Edina, Minnesota, changed the start time from 7:25 am to 8:30 am. 【答案】 C；A；B；F
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了孩子们正常需要的睡眠时间，以及孩子们睡得晚的原因，以及一些学校采取的措施。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后”51% of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 pm or later on school nights, even though they have to get up early. Last year the Foundation reported that nearly 60% of 7- to 12-year-olds said they felt tired during the day, and 15% said they had fallen asleep at school.“51%的10-18岁的美国孩子学习日睡得晚起得早，7-12岁的孩子中，60%白天会犯困，15%甚至在学校睡着，可知，本段主要讲述美国孩子睡眠不足的情况，C. Getting less sleep has become a bad habit for most American kids.”睡得少已经成为大多数美国孩子的坏习惯“可以作为本段的主题句。故选C。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后”Babies need a lot of rest: most of them sleep about 18 hours a day! Adults need about eight hours.“婴儿需要大约18小时睡眠，学生需要10小时睡眠，成人需要8小时睡眠，与A. How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age.”你的睡眠时间由年龄决定“承接自然，符合逻辑。空格下文讲述的内容概括起来就是，不同年龄段的人需要的睡眠时间不一样。故选A。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。B. Other experts say part of the problem is chemical.”其他专家说化学物质可能是其中部分问题“与空后”Changing levels of body chemicals called hormones not only make teenagers' bodies develop adult characteristics, but also make it hard for teenagers to fall asleep before 11 pm.“荷尔蒙这种化学物质水平的改变不仅让孩子身体发展出成年的特征，还让他们在晚上11点之前难以入睡，承接自然，符合语言逻辑。选项提到化学物质，下文解释这种化学物质会对孩子造成什么影响，即它所带来的问题。故选B。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前”some school districts have decided to start high school classes later than they used to. “一些美国学区把上课时间延迟，与F. Three years ago, schools in Edina, Minnesota, changed the start time from 7:25 am to 8:30 am.”3年前，明尼苏达州，伊代纳地区的学校把上课时间从7：25延迟到8：30“承接自然，选项是举例说明上文所提到的把上课延迟的政策。故选F。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
3．任务型阅读
\—they're given after all. Choices can be hard.\
I got the idea to start Amazon 16 years ago. I came across the fact that the Internet usage was growing at 2300 percent per year. I'd never seen or heard of anything that grew that fast, and the idea of building an online bookstore with millions of titles was very exciting to me. I had just turned 30, and I'd been married for a year. I told my wife that I wanted to quit my job and go to
do this crazy thing that probably wouldn't work since most start-ups don't and I wasn't sure what to expect. She told me I should go for it. As a young boy, I had been a garage inventor. I had always wanted to be an inventor, and she wanted me to follow my passion.
I was working at a financial firm in New York City with a bunch of very smart people and a brilliant boss that I much admired. I went to my boss and told him that I wanted to start a company selling books on the Internet. He took me on a long walk in Central Park，listened carefully to me and finally said, \，but it would be an even better idea for someone who didn't already have a good job.\That logic made some sense to me，and he convinced me to think about it for 48 hours before making a final decision. Seen in that light, it really was a difficult choice，but ultimately, I decided I had to give it a shot. I didn't think I would regret trying and failing. And I suspected that I would always be haunted by a decision to not try at all.
After much consideration, I took the less secure path to follow my passion, and I'm proud of that choice. For all of us, in the end, we are our choices. （1）What inspired the author to start Amazon 16 years ago? (No more than 15 words) （2）How did the author's wife respond to his crazy idea of building an online bookstore? (No more than 10 words)
（3）What was the attitude of the author's boss towards his starting a company online? (No more than 10 words)
（4）What's your understanding of the underlined sentence in the last paragraph? (No more than 15 words)
（5）What is the most important factor when you make your career choice? Give your reasons. (No more than 20 words)
【答案】 （1）The fact that the Internet usage was growing sharply / fast per year. That the Internet usage was growing at 230 percent per year./The fact that more and more people were using the Internet.
（2）She responded by telling me to go for it / my dream. She wanted / inspired me to follow my passion.
（3）He thought it a good idea but unsuitable for me./He didn't support his idea (to start a company online)./He wasn't in favor of his idea (to start a company online). He held a negative attitude towards his idea.
（4）For all of us, our choices decide / determine who we are finally. For all of us, our choices determine what we get finally./For all of us, our choices have a great effect on our life / future finally.
（5）Interest, without which I can't devote myself to the career and overcome the challenge./Better career prospects. (A good pay.) I hope to choose a career that can lead me to a bright future.
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者16年看到互联网的迅猛增长因此有了创办亚马逊的想法，对此想法作者的妻子表示支持作者追求自己的梦想和激情，而作者的老板则持反对态度，最终作者选择了一条不太安全的道路来追寻我的激情，作者也为自己的选择感到自豪。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的”I came across the fact that the Internet usage was growing at 2300 percent per year. I'd never seen or heard of anything that grew that fast, and the idea of building an online bookstore with millions of titles was very exciting to me.“我发现互联网的使用率以每年230%的速度增长。我从来没有见过或听说过任何东西发展得这么快，而建立一个拥有数百万种图书的网上书店的想法让我非常兴奋。可知促使作者在16年前创办了亚马逊是因为互联网的使用正以每年迅猛的速度增长，互联网使用率以每年230个百分点的速度增长以及越来越多的人使用互联网的事实。故答案为The fact that the Internet usage was growing sharply / fast per year. That the Internet usage was growing at 230 percent per year./The fact that more and more people were using the Internet.。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的”She told me I should go for it. As a young boy, I had been a garage inventor. I had always wanted to be an inventor, and she wanted me to follow my passion.“她告诉我应该去。当我还是个小男孩的时候，我就是一个车库发明家。我一直想成为一名发明家，她希望我追随自己的激情。可知作者的妻子对他建立网上书店的疯狂想法是告诉作者去追求自己的梦想和激情。故答案为She responded by telling me to go for it / my dream. She wanted / inspired me to follow my passion.。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的”He took me on a long walk in Central Park，listened carefully to me and finally said,’That sounds like a really good idea，but it would be an even better idea for someone who didn't already have a good job.‘”他带我在中央公园散步了很长一段时间，仔细地听我说，最后他说:“这听起来真是个好主意，但对那些还没有找到好工作的人来说，这是个更好的主意。”可知作者的老板对作者的想法是个好主意，但不适合作者，老板持反对态度。故答案为He thought it a good idea but unsuitable for me./He didn't support his idea (to start a company online)./He wasn't in favor of his idea (to start a company online). He held a negative attitude towards his idea.。
（4）考查句义猜测。根据最后一段中的“After much consideration, I took the less secure path to follow my passion, and I'm proud of that choice.”可知经过深思熟虑，作者选择了一条不太安全的道路来追寻自己的激情，也为自己的选择感到自豪。作者的选择决定了作者最终会得到什么，对他的生活或未来也有很大的影响。故可推测划线句子的意思是：对于我们所有人来说，我们的选择最终决定了我们是谁，决定了我们最终会得到什么，最终对我们的生活/未来有很大的影响。故答案为For all of us, our choices decide / determine who we are finally. For all of us, our choices determine what we get finally./For all of us, our choices have a great effect on our life / future finally.。
（5）这是一道开放性题目，要求说出自己选择职业时最重要的因素是什么，答案言之有理即可。可以说重要因素是个人兴趣、职业前景等等。故可答Interest, without which I can't devote myself to the career and overcome the challenge./Better career prospects. (A good pay.) I hope to choose a career that can lead me to a bright future.
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，句义猜测和开放性四个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握所给材料，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而写出正确答案。
4．请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单
广西桂林市师范大学附属外国语学校任务型阅读基础测试题题库
