新概念英语第四册课文翻译及学习笔记：
Lesson43
【课文】
First listen and then answer the following question. 听录音，然后回答以下问题。
What does the 'uniquely rational way' for us to
communicate with other intelligent beings in space depend on?
We must conclude from the work of those who have studied
the origin of life, that given a planet only approximately like our own, life is almost certain to start. Of all the planets in our solar system, we ware now pretty certain the Earth is the only one on which life can survive. Mars is too dry and poor in oxygen, Venus far too hot, and so is Mercury, and the outer planets have temperatures near absolute zero and hydrogen-dominated atmospheres. But other suns, start as the
astronomers call them, are bound to have planets like our own, and as is the number of stars in the universe is so vast, this possibility becomes virtual certainty. There are one hundred thousand million starts in our own Milky Way alone, and then there are three thousand million other Milky Ways, or galaxies, in the universe. So the number of the stars that we know exist is now estimated at about 300 million million million.
Although perhaps only 1 per cent of the life that has started somewhere will develop into highly complex and intelligent patterns, so vast is the number of planets, that intelligent life is bound to be a natural part of the universe.
If then we are so certain that other intelligent life exists in the universe, why have we had no visitors from outer space yet? First of all, they may have come to this planet of ours thousands or millions of years ago, and found our then prevailing primitive state completely uninteresting
to their own advanced knowledge. Professor Ronald Bracewell,
a leading American radio astronomer, argued in Nature that such a superior civilization, on a visit to our own solar
system, may have left an automatic messenger behind to await the possible awakening of an advanced civilization. Such a messenger, receiving our radio and television signals, might well re-transmit them back to its home-planet, although what impression any other civilization would thus get from us is best left unsaid.
But here we come up against the most difficult of all obstacles to contact with people on other planets -- the astronomical distances which separate us. As a reasonable guess, they might, on an average, be 100 light years away. (A light year is the distance which light travels at 186,000 miles per second in one year, namely 6 million million miles.) Radio waves also travel at the speed of light, and assuming such an automatic messenger picked up our first broadcasts of the 1920's, the message to its home planet is barely halfway there. Similarly, our own present primitive chemical rockets, though good enough to orbit men, have no chance of transporting us to the nearest other star, four light years away, let alone distances of tens or hundreds of light years.
Fortunately, there is a 'uniquely rational way' for us to communicate with other intelligent beings, as Walter Sullivan has put it in his excellent book, We Are not Alone. This
depends on the precise radio frequency of the 21-cm wavelength, or 1420 megacycles per second. It is the natural frequency of emission of the hydrogen atoms in space and was discovered by us in 1951; it must be known to any kind of radio astronomer in the universe.
Once the existence of this wave-length had been discovered, it was not long before its use as the uniquely recognizable broadcasting frequency for interstellar
communication was suggested. Without something of this kind, searching for intelligences on other planets would be like trying to meet a friend in London without a pre-arranged rendezvous and absurdly wandering the streets in the hope of a chance encounter.
ANTHONY MICHAELIS Are There Strangers in Space? from The Weekend Telegraph
【New words and expressions
生词和短语】
Mercury n. hydrogen n.
水星 氢气
prevailing adj.
普遍的
radio astronomer
射电天方学家
uniquely adv. rational adj. radio frequency cm n. 厘米
地
合理的 无线电频率
megacycle n. 兆周
emission n. 散
星 的 会地点
intersteller adj. rendezvous n. 【 文注 】
1.that given a planet only approximately like our own, life is almost certain to start
conclude 的 ，其中 given a planet
是一个 从句，作
?our own, 去分 短 作条
件状 ， given 与 if 的意思相近， 个 去分 短 可 成“如果一个行星与我 所在的行星大致相同的 ”。
2.life is almost certain to start
那几乎肯定会 生生命。
3.be bound to
必然， 必定
例句： You are bound to feel tired after a long walk. 步行后你必然会感到疲 。
He's bound to notice your mistake. 他必定会 察到你的 。
4.prevailing adj. 盛行很广的， 普遍的
例句： Your price is out of line with the prevailing international market.
你方价格与 行世界市 行情不一致。 He wore his hair in the prevailing fashion. 他的 梳的是当 盛行的 型。
5.is best left unsaid 6.come up against
不去 ( 它)
遇到，突然 ( 或意外 ) ，碰到 ( 困 、反 等 )
例句： He often came up against the problem of money.
他那时常常碰到钱的问题。
We expect to come up against a lot of opposition to the scheme.
我们预计这个计划要遭到很多人反对。
7.reasonable adj. ①合理的，
例句： The management took all reasonable safety precautions.
管理部门采取了一切合理的安全措施。
All you need is reasonable doubt. 你所需要的是合理怀疑。
②通情达理的，
例句： You are fortunate to have such a reasonable father.
你有这样一位通情达理的父亲，真是幸运。
③公平适度的
例句： At first sight their demands seemed reasonable.
乍看之下，他们的要求似乎公平合理。
8.emission n. ①散发
例句： In addition, wetland soils are known for methane emission, a greenhouse gas.
新概念英语第四册课文翻译及学习笔记：Lesson43.doc
