years, salt’s most important job was to ___15___ food. Like other living things, most bacteria(细菌) need water to live. Salt takes in plenty of water, so most bacteria(细菌) can not live ___16___a salty environment. As a result, salt protects food and many other things. For much of humans history, this ability has made salt ___17___ Every ancient culture from Egypt to China depended on salt. Even today, the hard working useful people are ___18___ as “the salt of the earth”.
For centuries, salt was also hard to ___19___. It’s usefulness, together with rarity(稀有) made it very expensive. Salt could even be used like ___20___. In fact, the word salary (薪水) comes from the word salt.
Today, salt is used more widely and it still plays an important role in our life. 11. A. salt B. air C. gold D. sugar 12. A. or B. so C. and D. but
13. A. forms B. secrets C. uses D. skills 14. A. wide B. safe C. smooth D. thick 15. A. protect B. provide C. produce D. prepare 16. A. in B. outside C. for D. without
17. A. hopeful B. comfortable C. valuable D. successful 18. A. saved B. dreamed C. invited D. described 19. A. sell B. get C. take D. keep
20. A. money B. medicine C. earth D. food
【答案】11. A 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A 16. A 17. C 18. D 19. B 20. A 【解析】试题分析：本文从一个小故事入手，讲了盐在日常生活上的用途和它的药用价值。同时因为它的稀有性使得盐在古今中外都起着很重要的作用并且很受重视。
11. 句意：她说她爱他就像爱盐一样爱他。考查名词辨析题。根据下文Salt is simple thing, but it is very important. So the king thought his daughter cared a lot about him.，可知女儿是拿盐设喻，故选A。
12. 句意：盐是简单的东西，但它是非常重要的。考查连词辨析题。根据simple和important可以看出是相反关系，需用but连接。可知选D。
13. 句意：盐有许多用途。考查名词辨析题。根据下文“We also use salt to produce other products”可知盐有很多用途。故选C。
14. 句意：我们把盐放在结冰的路上以使它们安全。考查形容词辨析题。A. wide宽的；B. safe安全的；C. smooth滑的；D. thick厚的。根据put salt on icy roads把盐放在结冰的路上，可知是为了使路面不那么光滑而保持安全。故选B。
15. 句意：但是多年来，盐的最重要的工作是保护食物。考查动词辨析题。根据下文As a result, salt protects food and many other things.，结合句意语境，可知选A。
16. 句意：盐需要大量的水，所以大多数细菌不能生活在咸的环境中。考查介词辨析题。A. in在……里面；B. outside在……的外面，表位置；C. for为了，表目的；D. without没有。根据科学常识可知，在有盐的环境里大部分细菌不能存活，故选A。
17. 句意：对于人类的许多历史，这种能力使盐变得有价值。考查形容词辨析题。A. hopeful有希望的；根据下文Its usefulness, together B. comfortable充裕的；C. valuable有价值的；D. successful成功的。with rarity made it very expensive. 有用和稀有使盐非常昂贵，可知选C。
18. 句意：即使在今天，辛勤工作的有用的人被称为“地球之盐”。A. saved节省；B. dreamed做梦；C. invited邀请；D. described描述。考查动词辨析题。be described as被描述成……；根据句意结构和语境，可知选D。
19. 句意：几个世纪以来，盐也很难买到。考查动词辨析题。A. sell售卖；B. get得到；C. take拿走；D. keep保持。根据下文Its usefulness, together with rarity made it very expensive. 盐很稀有，可知不易买到，故选B。
20. 句意：盐甚至可以像钱一样使用。考查名词辨析题。根据下文In fact, the word salary comes from the
word salt.盐被当成薪水，可知是当钱使用的，故选A。
点睛：完型填空是难度最大的题。它集阅读理解、语法、词法、句法于一体。是考查语言综合运用的能力的一道题。解题的方法第一要带着空，通读文章，搞清事件发生的背景。紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息,充分利用各种线索，语法知识,以及句子之间的关系，词的搭配，结合上下文背景语境，结合句意选择适合语境的选项。
VII.阅读理解
阅读A、B、C三篇材料，然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Dear sir, I ordered a skirt from you last month, but there are some problems with it. First, the color is not as green as it is shown on your website. I understand that the picture does not always show the real color, but it should nor be that different. Second, I asked for Size M because it is the size I usually wear. But your Size M is so small that I have to give it to my younger sister. I think you should be more serious about your business. Truly Susan Rosen Dear Ms. Rosen, Thank you for telling us the problems with your order. We hope we can give you better service. We are sending you another skirt with this letter. It is Size L, and its green color is brighter than the one you had. We hope you like it. Our office hours are 9:00 a.m.—5:00 p.m. Please call us if you have any more questions. Yours truly Victor Smith
21. Why did Susan Rosen write the letter?
A. To say sorry to her sister. B. To show the picture to Smith. C. To tell her problem to a friend. D. To talk about what she bought.
22. What did Victor Smith do for Susan Rosen?
A. He helped her cancel the order. B. He sent her a new skirt. C. He asked her to visit the office. D. He called her for another color. 【答案】21. D 22. B
【解析】试题分析：本文是两封信件，第一封是Susan Rosen讲述对订购的裙子不满的地方，第二封是Victor Smith先生给予相对应的解决方法和回复。
21.题意：Susan Rosen为什么写这封信？考查细节理解题。根据第一封信中I ordered a skirt from you last month,but there are some problems with it.可知，Susan Rosen写信主要是为了向Victor Smith说明她所买的东西以及问题，可知选D。
22. 题意：Victor Smith为Susan Rosen做了什么？考查细节理解题。根据第二封信中We are sending you another skirt with this letter.，可知送给她一条新裙子，故选B。
B
Edward rose early on the New-year morning. He looked in every room and wished a Happy New Year to his family. Then he ran into the street to repeat that to those he might meet.
When he came back, his father gave him two bright, new silver dollars .
His face lighted up as he took them. He had wished for a long time to buy some petty books that he had seen at the bookstore.
He left the house with a light heart, expecting to buy the books. As he ran down the street, he saw a poor family.
“I wish you a happy New Year.” said Edward, as he was happily passing on. The man shook his head. “You are not from this country? ” said Edward. The man again shook his head, for he could not understand or speak his language. But he pointed to his mouth, and to the children shaking with cold, as if (好像)to say, “These little ones have had nothing to eat for a long time”
Edward quickly understood that these poor people were in trouble. He took out his dollars, and gave one to the man and the other to his wife.
They were excited and said something in their language, which doubtless meant, “We thank you so much that we will remember you all the time.”
When Edward came home, his father asked what books he had bought. He hung his head a moment, but quickly looked up.
“I have bought no books,” said he, “I gave my money to some poor people, who seemed to be very hungry then.” He went on, “I think I can wait for my books till next New Year.”
“My dear boy,” said his father, “Here are some books, more as a reward for your goodness of heart than as a New-Year gift”.
“I saw you give the money cheerfully to the poor German family. It was nice for a little boy to do so. Be
always ready to help others and every year of your life will be to you a Happy New Year.” 23. Edward expected to ________ with the money he got from his father.
A. help the poor family B. buy something to eat C. buy some pretty books D. learn another language 24. Why did the poor man shake his head when Edward spoke to him? A. He couldn’t understand the boy. B. He wouldn’t accept the money. C. He didn’t like the boy’s language. D. He was too cold to say anything. 25. How much did Edward give the poor family?
A. One dollar. B. Two dollars. C. Three dollars. D. Four dollars. 26. We know that Edward ________ from the passage.
A. got a prize for his kind heart B. had to buy his books next year C. bought the books at the bookstore D. got more money from his father 【答案】23. C 24. A 25. B 26. A
【解析】试题分析：本文主要记叙了一个叫Edward的小男孩，用父母给自己的两美元去帮助更需要的穷人。最后小男孩不仅从爸爸那得到了喜欢的书作为新年礼物并且还得到了比新年礼物更重要的奖励——他人的感谢。
23. 题意：爱德华想用从他父亲那儿得到的钱 。考查细节理解题。根据He had wished for a long time to buy some petty books that he had seen at the bookstore.
He left the house with a light heart, expecting to buy the books.，可知他想买书。故选C。 24. 题意：当爱德华跟他说话时，那个可怜的人为什么摇摇头？考查细节理解题。根据第六段第二句 The
河北省2018年中考英语试题及答案解析(Word版)
