广东省惠州市2024届高三第三次调研考试
本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分135分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写
在答题卡上。 2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改
动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。 3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域相应位置
上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改夜。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将答题卷和答题卡一并收回。 I 语言知识及运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
People of Burlington are being disturbed by the sound of bells．Four students from Burlington College of Higher Education are in the bell tower of the 1 and have made up their minds to 2 the bells nonstop for two weeks as a protest against heavy trucks which run 3 through the narrow High Street．
“They not only make it 4 to sleep at night, but they are doing damage to our houses and shops of historical 5 ,” said John Norris, one of the protesters．
“If we must have these noisy trucks on the roads,” said Jean Lacey, a biology student, “why don't they build a new road that goes round the town? Burlington isn't much more than a 6 village. Its streets were never 7 for heavy traffic．”
Harry Fields also studying___8____said they wanted to make as much___9 ___as possible to force the government officials to realize what everybody was having to___10 ___．\don't___11___here anyway,\soundproof（隔音）, so they probably don't___12___．It's high time they realized the problem．\
The fourth student, Liza Vernum, said she thought the public were mostly on their side, and even if they weren't they soon would be．
I asked if they were___13___that the police might come to stop them．
\．I mean we are assistant bellringers for the church．There is no law against practising．\
I ___15___the church with the sound of the bells ringing in my ears． 1．A．college B．village C．town D．church 2．A．change B．repair C．ring D．shake 3．A．now and then B．day and night C．up and down D．over and over 4．A．terrible B．difficult C．uncomfortable D．unpleasant 5．A．scene B．period C．interest D．sense 6．A．pretty B．quiet C．large D．modern 7．A．tested B．meant C．kept D．used 8．A．well B．hard C．biology D．education 9．A．effort B．time C．trouble D．noise 10．A．stand B．accept C．know D．share 11．A．shop B．live C．come D．study
12．A．notice B．mention C．fear D．control 13．A．surprised B．afraid C．pleased D．determined 14．A．proper B．experienced C．hopeful D．serious 15．A．left B．found C．reached D．passed 第二节：语法填空（共10小题，每小题1．5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答卷标号为16-25的相应位置上。
Over years, I've been teaching kids about a simple___16____ powerful concept - the ant
philosophy．They have an amazing four-part philosophy．First, ants never quit．They'll climb over, they'll climb under, and they'll climb around．They keep looking for another way．What a neat（了不起的） philosophy it is to never quit ____17_____ (look)for a way to get _____18_____ you're supposed to go! Second, ants think about winter and summer．That's _____19_____ important attitude．You can't be _____20______ na?ve（幼稚的） as to think summer will last forever．People who have a little experience are clear about this．So ants are gathering in their winter food in the middle of summer．It’s important to be realistic．You have to think about rocks as you enjoy the sand and sun．Think ahead．The third part is that ants think summer all winter．During the winter, they remind_____21_____, \soon be out of here．\．If it _____23_____ cold again, they'll dive back down．But they come out again if it is warm．They can't wait _____24_____(get) out．Last, how much will an ant gather during the summer to prepare for the winter? All that it
_____25_____ (possible)can．What a great philosophy to have-the ant philosophy：never give up, look ahead, stay positive and do all you can． II．阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节：阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Not everyone who teaches in a college or university is a professor．Many are instructors or
lecturers．In fact, not even all professors are full professors．Many of them are assistant or associate professors or adjunct professors．
So what do all of these different academic titles mean at American colleges and universities? Get ready for a short lecture, especially if you are thinking of a career in higher education．
Professors usually need a doctoral degree．But sometimes a school will offer positions to people who have not yet received their doctorate．
This person would be called an instructor until the degree has been completed．After that, the instructor could become an assistant professor．Assistant professors do not have tenure．
Tenure means a permanent appointment．This goal of greater job security is harder to reach these days．Fewer teaching positions offer the chance for tenure．
Assistant professors generally have five to seven years to gain tenure．During this time, other faculty members study the person's work．If tenure is denied, then the assistant professor usually has a year to find another job．
An assistant professor who receives tenure becomes an associate professor．An associate professor may later be appointed a full professor．
Assistant, associate and full professors perform many duties．They teach classes．They advise
students．And they carry out research．They also serve on committees and take part in other activities．
Other faculty members are not expected to do all these jobs．They are not on a tenure track．Instead, they might be in adjunct or visiting positions．
A visiting professor has a job at one school but works at another for a period of time．An adjunct
professor is also a limited or part-time position, to do research or teach classes．Adjunct professors have a doctorate．
Another position is that of lecturer．Lecturers teach classes, but they may or may not have a doctorate． 26．In which column of a newspaper can the passage probably appear? A．Education B．Entertainment C．Politics D．Sports 27．Which of the following positions should have a doctor degree? A．Instructors and lectures B．Assistant professors and instructors C．Lectures and adjunct professors D．Assistant and adjunct professors
28．According to Paragraph 4, how long can an assistant professor stay in his or her position at most? A．13 years B．12 years C．7 years D．8 years 29．Which one shows the correct order for a professor’s development? a．An assistant professor b．An instructor c．A full professor d．An associate professor A．b, a, d, c B．b, d, a, c C．c, a, d, b D．b, c, a, d 30．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．Those teaching in a university are all professors． B．You’d better learn about it before being a professor． C．Those without a doctoral degree can’t find a job． D．Professors in a university share the same duties．
B
The same genes that give sharks their sixth sense and allow them to detect electrical signals are also responsible for the development of head and facial features in humans, a new study suggests．
The finding supports the idea that the early sea creatures which eventually evolved into humans could also sense electricity before they emerged onto land．The study, led by Martin Cohn and his lab at the University of Florida, is detailed in the current issue of the journal Evolution & Development．
Sharks have a network of special cells that can detect electricity, called electroreceptors, in their heads．This sense is so developed that sharks can find fish hiding under sand by honing in on the weak electrical signals．
The researchers found two independent genetic markers of neural crest cells in the sharks'
electroreceptors．In humans, these cells contribute to the formation of facial bones and teeth, among other things．The finding suggests that neural crest cells migrate from the sharks' brains to various regions of the head, where they develop into electroreceptors．Glenn Northcutt, a neuroscientist at the University of California, said the finding was interesting, but more studies are needed before a direct link between neural crest cells and electroreceptors can be established．
After the new study, the researchers think that all primitive animals with backbones, including the early ancestors of humans, could sense electricity．As they evolved, mammals, reptiles, birds and most fish lost the ability．Today, only sharks and a few other marine species, such as sturgeons and lampreys, can sense electricity．The ability to sense electrical signals is useful in aquatic environments because water is so conductive．On land, however, the sense is useless．
\．\you don't need special receptors to sense it．\
The development of the electroreceptors is believed to mirror the development of the lateral line, a sense organ in fish that allows them to detect motion in surrounding water．The electroceptors are also believed to behind many sharks' ability to detect changes in the Earth's magnetic field．
31．Which of the following is NOT one of the effects that the genes mentioned have? A．To give sharks their sixth sense．
B．To allow sharks to detect electrical signals．
C．To contribute to humans’ development of head and facial features． D．To allow humans to sense electricity．
32．Choose the closest meaning of the underlined word “detect” in Para．3 A．To notice or find out B．To get rid of C．To keep away from D．To search for 33．Which of the statements is true according to the article?
A．Sharks could sense electricity only after they emerged onto land．
B．It is in various regions of the sharks’ head that neural crest cells migrate from the brains and
develop into electroreceptors．
C．The ability to sense electrical signals is useful both in aquatic environment and on land． D．No studies are needed to prove neural crest cells are linked with electroreceptors directly． 34．What is it that makes sharks find fish hiding under sand on the weak electrical signals? A．Sharks’ sixth sense B．The weak electrical signals C．Electroreceptors D．Neural crest cells 35．What is the main idea of the article?
A．Sharks are similar to humans in many aspects
B．The development of sharks’ sixth sense are related to some human genes C．Some human genes determine the development of sharks’ sixth sense D．Sharks’ sixth sense can help them find fish hiding under sand
C
A few days ago, I got a call from my old college friend whom I haven’t seen for a very long time．The topic, which was about all the good old times that we had changed to a touching story when he started talking about his father, a mistake that he might not forget for the rest of his life.
His father’s declining health made him stay at the hospital．Because of his illness, his father suffered from insomnia（失眠） and often talked to himself．My friend, who had not been able to sleep for a few days as he had to keep watching his father’s condition, became irritated and told his father to keep silent and try to get some sleep．His father said that he really wanted to sleep well because he was very tired and told my friend to leave him alone in the hospital if he did not want to keep him company．
After his father finished talking ,he fell unconscious．My friend was very sorry for speaking the ill words towards his father．My friend, whom I knew as a tough person, cried as a baby on the other end of the telephone．He said that from that moment on, he prayed every day, asking God to let his father wake up from his coma．He promised himself that whatever words came out from his father’s mouth after he
regained his consciousness, he would gladly take them．His only hope for God was to give him a chance to rectify his past mistake, a mistake that he might not forget for the rest of his life. Often, we complain when we have to accompany or watch over our parents for years, months, days, hours or even minutes．But do we realize that our parents keep us company and watch over us for as long as we（or they）live? From the day we were born to our adulthood, and even when deaths come to us, they are always at our side． Imagine how sad our parents will be when they hear a seemingly innocent word of “no” come out from our mouths．We can make promises to ourselves that from now on there will be no more complaints that come out from our mouths when we have to watch over or accompany our parents．No more complaints come out from our mouths when we feel that our parents have treated us like little
children．There are so many unlucky ones who have neither fathers nor mothers．They long to have the
things that we most complain about, but never have them． Actually, it takes only a second to think and light the lamp that will bring us to a place where peace is dwelling．
36．Which of the following word can be used to describe the writer’s friend? A．Sad B．Sorry C．Regretful D．Pitiful 37．According to the passage, the following are right EXCEPT________?
A．The friend hoped that he would have a chance to be good to his sick father B．The friend was so tired that he was irritated
C．The friend prayed every day, wishing that his father would come to himself D．The father fell coma just because of the ill worlds
38．What does the underlined word “rectify” mean in Para．3? A．Put…right B．Recite…by heart C．Realize D．Recognize 39．From Para．5 we know that ________．
A．we unconsciously hurt our parents so often B．we deliberately ignore our parents too often C．we are not satisfied with our parents
D．we are actually innocent to say rude words to our parents 40．What does the writer want to tell us in the passage?
A．Your parents will keep talking to themselves when they are old． B．Be good to your parents when you still have the chance．
C．You will regret in your life if you don’t show your kindness to your parents． D．It is not easy to take good care of sick old parents．
D
A classic series of experiments to determine the effects of overpopulation on communities of rats was conducted by a psychologist, John Calhoun．In each experiment, an equal number of male and female adult rats were placed in an enclosure．The rat populations were allowed to increase．Calhoun knew from experience approximately how many rats could live in the enclosures without experiencing stress due to overcrowding．He allowed the population to increase to approximately twice this number．Then he
stabilized the population by removing offspring（后代） that were not dependent on their mothers．At the end of the experiments, Calhoun was able to conclude that overcrowding causes a breakdown in the normal social relationships among rats, a kind of social disease．The rats in the experiments did not follow the same patterns of behavior as rats would in a community without overcrowding．
The females in the rat population were the most seriously affected by the high population density．For example, mothers sometimes abandoned their pups, and, without their mothers’ care, the pups died．The experiments verified that in overpopulated communities, mother rats do not behave normally．Their behavior may be considered diseased, pathological （病态的）．
The dominant（占支配地位的） males in the rat population were the least affected by over population．Each of these strong males claimed an area of the enclosure as his own．Therefore, these individuals did not experience the overcrowding in the same way as the other rats did．However, dominant males did behave pathologically at times．Their antisocial behavior consisted of attacks on weaker male, female, and immature rats．This deviant behavior showed that even though the dominant males had enough living space, they too were affected by the general overcrowding．
Non-dominant males in the experimental rat communities also exhibited deviant social
behavior．Some withdrew completely, avoiding contact with other rats．Other non-dominant males were hyperactive, chasing other rats and fighting each other．
The behavior of the rat population has parallels in human behavior．People in densely populated areas
广东省惠州市2024届高三第三次调研考试 英语
