Phonetics (音标)
Contents: The 48 phonetics.
Teaching aims: 1) Can read the 48 phonetics correctly.
2)Can grasp the reading rules.
Difficulties: 1) The correct sounds.
2) The rules of the spellings.
Teaching methods: Teaching , practicing and studying in groups. Teaching tools: Papers, color chalk，multimedia Teaching periods: 6 periods. Process:
The phonetics are the gold key to study English. It’s very important for the students to learn English. So we should spend enough time to teach them to learn the knowledge freely. Before learning , we should make clear about the following knowledge.
音素：人说话的声音是由若干单个的音组成的，即使是一个很短的字、
词也是由一定的读音组成的。英语把组成一个读音的最小单位叫音素。
音标：音标是记录音素的符号。英语音标就是记载英语字母和单词的
读音的符号。英语国际音标共48个音素．其中元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。
元音音素：发音时声带振动，呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍，这样
形成的语音，称为元音。
1
辅音音素：不论声带振动与否，发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时
受到一定的阻碍，这样形成的语音称为辅音。 前元音：/i:/ /i/ /e/ /? / 中元音：/? / /?：/ /? /
后元音：/a:/ /?/ / ?: / /?/ /u:/
双元音：/e?/ /a?/ /??/ /??/ /au/ /??/ /e?/ /??/ 辅音（爆破音）：/p/ /b/ / t/ /d/ /k/ /g/
摩擦音：/f/ /v/ /θ/ /e / /s/ /z/ /? / / ?/ /r/ /h/ /w/ /j/ 辅音（破擦音）：/t?/ /?/ /tr/ /dr/ /ts/ /dz/ 舌侧音：/l/ 鼻音：/m/ /n/ / ?/ 半元音：/w/ /j/
Period 1
Contents:
1) Study 21 consonant letters’ pronunciations in words. 2) Study 28 consonant symbols.
Teaching aims: 1) can read 21 consonant letters’ pronunciations in words
correctly.
2) Can read 28 consonant symbols correctly..
Key points: The 28 consonant sounds.
Difficulties: The rules of the 21 consonant letters’ pronunciations in
2
words correctly.
Teaching tools: Color chalk; papers.multimedia Process:
I. Go over 26 letters.
II. Leading-in: Class, we’ve learned 26 letters. Today, we’ll learn 21 consonant letters’ pronunciations in words . After this class, you’ll know the rules of spelling. Work harder. III. To begin the new class: Step 1: Learn the three definitions.
字母：英语单词是由字母构成的，字母是书写的最小单位。英语字母
共有_____个，其中______个是元音字母，_______个是辅音字母，就是这26个字母构成了数以万计的英语单词。 音素：音素是字母在单词中的发音，音素是语音的最小单位。 音标：音标是记录单词读音的书写符号。音标一般写在/ / 里，以
免和字母相混。英语音标共有________个，______个是辅音，_______个是元音，正是这48个音标构成了数以万计的英语单词的发音。
Step 2: Learn the rules of the 21 consonant letters’ pronunciations in
words .
T: Teach them to learn the rules, then lead them to write down the phonetic symbols.
Ss: Learn carefully and find the rules and write them down on their
3
papers.
1．用掐头法学习 Ff, Ll, Mm, Nn, Ss, Xx 这6个辅音字母在单词中的读音。
four /f ?:/ food /fu:d/ foot/f ?t/ fox/f ?ks/ egg/eg/ some/s?m/ night/n a?t/ moon/mu:n/ six/s?ks/ net/net/ love/l?v/ let/let/
2．用去尾法学习Bb, Cc, Dd, Jj, Kk，Pp, Tt, Vv, Zz,这9个辅音字母在单词中的
发音。
Bob rice bed jeep bike pop tea five 3．用汉语拼音对比法学习Gg, Hh, Yy, Ww, Rr 这5个辅音字母的发音。
bag how yes wear red ruler
Step 3: Go over the knowledge and try to find the sounds of “ Q q”. Step 4: Learn 28 phonetics:
T: Teachch them to read the 28 phonetics according to the Chinese sounds.
IV. Do some exercises:
写出以下辅音字母在单词中的发音：
Ff / /, Ll / /, Mm / /, Nn / /, Ss / /, Xx / /
Bb / /, Cc / /, Dd / /, Jj / /, Kk / /， Pp / /, Tt / /, Vv / /, Zz / / Gg / /, Hh / /, Yy / /, Ww / /, Rr / /
T: Teachch them to study in groups then have a PK between groups. V. Sum up:
Class, today we’ve learned the rules of the 21 consonant letters’ pronunciations in words , please try to remember the rules, then use them freely.
4
Homework: 1) Recite the rules.
2) Practice the 28 phonetics, and try to read them freely. Summary:
In this class, we’ve learned the rules in three methods. Most of them have grasped the rules, but some students have difficulty in using them. We need more time to practice the 28 phonetics.
Period 2
Contents:1) Go on to study 21 consonant letters’ pronunciations in
words.
2) Study 28 consonant symbols.
3) Study combinations of consonant letters.
Teaching aims: 1) can learn 21 consonant letters’ pronunciations in
words correctly.
2) Can read 28 consonant symbols correctly.
3) Can use the rules of combinations of consonant letters.
Key points: The 28 consonant sounds.
Difficulty: The rules of the 21 consonant letters’ pronunciations in
words correctly.
Teaching tools: Color chalk; papers. Process:
I. Go over the knowledge that leanded last class:
5
初中英语 国际音标教学教案
