上海市奉贤中学，松江二中，金山中学2020年高三3月联考试卷
英 语
Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary
Directions：After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
When I was a very young man, just beginning to make my way, I was invited to dine at the home of a famous New York philanthropist（慈善家）. It was after dinner ___21___ hostess led us to a large sitting room, ___22___ other guests were pouring, and my eyes observed two nervous sights: servants were arranging small chairs in long and neat rows; and up front, leaning against the wall, were musical instruments. Apparently I was in for an evening of chamber music.
I use the phrase \— only with great effort ___24___ I carry the simplest tune, and serious music is to me no more than an arrangement of noises. So I did what I always did when ___25___（trap）: I sat down, and when the music started, I fixed my face in ___26___ I hoped was an expression of intelligent appreciation, closed my ears from the inside, and ___27___（bury）myself in my own completely irrelevant thoughts.
After a while, ___28___（become）aware that the people around me were applauding, I concluded it was safe ___29___（unplug）my ears. At once I heard a gentle but surprisingly penetrating voice on my right, \
I knew as much about Bach as I knew about nuclear fission. But I did know one of the most famous faces in the world, ___30___ the famous shock of untidy white hair and the ever-present pipe between the teeth. I was sitting next to Albert Einstein.
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Section B
Directions：Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. countless B. exhausted C. comparison D. essential E. estimates F. features G. relatively H. cleared I. unfortunately J. recycled K. restricts Rain forests, found in Earth’s temperate and tropical zones, are some of the most biologically varied ecosystems on the planet. All rain forests share certain ___31___, including a closed canopy, the dense vegetation of the top branches that forms a roof above the forest floor, a damp and warm climate, and ___32___ constant temperatures throughout the year. Most of the forest’s insect and animal life grows well in the canopy’s leafy and sunlit environment. The forest’s ground cover, by comparison, is small. Less than 2 percent of the sun’s light makes its way through the canopy and the darkness below. This darkness, along with the poor quality of the soils, ___33___ plant growth. Rain forests are a(n) ___34___ part of Earth’s total ecology. Huge amounts of water are absorbed into tree roots and ___35___ into the atmosphere from the tree leaves through a process called transpiration（蒸发）. Tree roots also fix the soil in place and slow the runoff of rains into rivers and oceans. Through the process of photosynthesis（光合作用），rain forests absorb more carbon dioxide and give off more oxygen than any other ecosystem.
The rain forests are ___36___ shrinking at a rapid rate as a result of the profitable ventures of farming, logging, and mining. When tropical rain forests are ___37___ in order to raise cattle and crops, the nutrient-poor soils are quickly ___38___. When farmers move on to new areas, heavy rains and baking sun leave the land fruitless and lifeless. Logging and mining cause similar damage to the land and destroy the territory of ___39___ millions of birds, insects and animals. By some ___40___ an area of tropical rain forest the size of the state of Delaware disappears in this way every month.
Ⅱ. Reading Comprehension
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Section A
Directions：For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Biology is making it clearer that a man’s health and well-being have a measurable impact on his future children’s health and happiness. This is not because a strong, responsible man has a greater ___41___ of being a good dad—or not only for that reason—or because he’s probably got good genes. Whether a good man’s genes are good or bad（and whatever“good”and“bad”mean in the context），his children’s bodies and minds will reflect ___42___ choices he has made over the years, even if he made those choices ___43___, he ever imagined himself strapping on a baby Bjorn. Doctors have been telling men for years that smoking, drinking and recreational drugs can lower the ___44___ of the sperm（精子）. What doctors should probably add is that the health of unborn children can be affected by what and how much men eat; the toxins（poisonous substances）they ___45___, the traumas（unpleasant experiences）they endure, their poverty or powerlessness; and their age at the time of conception（怀孕）. ___46___, what a man needs to know is that his life experience leaves ___47___ traces on his children. Even more astonishingly, those children may pass those traces along to their children.
Lately scientists have been obsessed with（着迷于）a means of ___48___ that isn’t genetic but isn’t non-genetic either. It’s epigenetic,“Epi”，in Greek, means“above”or“beyond”. Think of epigenetics as the way our bodies modify their genetic makeup. Epigenetics describes ___49___ genes are turned on or off, in part through compounds that get on top of DNA—or else jump off it—___50___ whether it makes the proteins that tell our bodies what to do.
In the past decade or so, the study of epigenetics has become so ___51___ that it is practically a craze. Psychologists and sociologists particularly like it because gene expression or suppression（抑制）is ___52___ affected by the ___53___ and plays at least as large a role as genes do in the development of a person’s characteristics, body shape and tendency to disease. I’ve become obsessed with epigenetics because it ___54___ me as both game-changing and terrifying. Our genes can be switched on or off by three environmental factors, among other things: what we ingest（food, drink, air, toxins），what we ___55___（stress, trauma），and how long we live.
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上海市松江二中、奉贤、金山三校2019-2020年高三下3月联考英语试题附答案
