图表作文
本节内容
一）图表作文写作要求
图表作文就是把非文字信息（通常为各种图表表示的数字信息等）转换成文字信息的一种作文。它要求我们用文字来描述非文字性的图表或对图表显示的关系作解释说明。图表作文一般在题目中给出作文的标题和一个或几个统计表格、圆图形、曲线图或条形图，有时还用英文或中文提纲的形式给出提示，具体要求：
1. 用文字描述图表，客观解释图表中所传递的信息，并找出某种规律或趋势； 2. 就图表中所反映的某种趋势或问题分析其原因或后果。
图表作文着重说明事实，常常通过对图表中所反映的具体数据的说明、分析、比较，对某种事物或现象的事实或变化情况等加以说明，并提出结论或看法。因此，图表作文常常采用议论文的写作方法。
二）写作步骤
1.仔细阅读图表，了解图表所达的内容。首先，用一句话概括图标的内容。 2.描写图表所反映的问题或规律
3.结尾部分得出结论，表述自己的观点，结束全文。
(1)如果图表反映的是好的现象，首先要肯定、发表观点最后预测未来； (2)如果图表反映的是不好的现象，首先要否定、提出解决办法或建议
三）写作实用表达
（一）点明主题
引用具体或粗略的数据，然后作出概括性分析，点名主题或引出需要论述的问题。 常用的词有：1.泛指一份数据图表：a data graph/chart/diagram/illustration/table 饼图：pie chart 表格图：table 柱形图：bar chart 趋势曲线图：line chart / curve diagram
2.describe, show, represent, illustrate, reveal等等。 3. figure, statistic, number, percentage, proportion
常用的开篇句型（即概述图表内容时常用的表达法） 1.The graph/chart/table above shows / describes / illustrates that..... 2. From the above graph/chart, it can be seen that… 3. As is shown in the graph…
4.The chart/table shows the differences between…
5. According to the table/pie chart/ graph/bar graph, we can see/conclude that …
（二）分析差异
描写变化及总趋势特征、分析差异：数据说明常用套语: 1.There was a great /slight increase /rise in…
2.The number /rate has nearly doubled, compared with that of last year. 3.The number is …times as much as that of…. 原因说明常用套语: 1.The reason for…is that…
2.The change results from the fact that…
3.There are several causes for this significant growth in…. To begin with .... In addition/ Furthermore/ Moreover,...
4. There are many factors that may account for...but the following are...
（三）得出结论 结尾常用套语
1. Personally/ as far as I’m concerned/ in short/ in brief/ in conclusion /in summary 2. It’s clear/evident from the chart that… / We can draw the conclusion that…
3. From what has been discussed above/Taking into account all these factors, we can draw the conclusion that…
4. There is no doubt that special attention must be paid to the problem of... 5. It is high time that we put an end to the tendency of...
图表作文常用单词、词组和句型总结： 1）表示数据变化的单词或词组 rapid/ rapidly 迅速的，飞快的， dramatic/ dramatically 急剧的 sharp /sharply 明显的，急剧的 significant/ significantly 重大的 sradual/ gradually 渐进的，逐渐的 steady / steadily 稳固的 stable / stably 稳定的 slow /slowly 缓慢的 slight / slightly 略微的 2）在描述中常用到的词汇
significant changes 图中一些较大变化 noticeable trend 明显趋势 distribute 分配
in terms of/ regarding/ with regard to/ as far as sth is concerned 关于，就...而言 3) 描述增减变化常用的句型
Compared with … is still increased by … The number of … grew/rose from … to …
An increase is shown in …; then came a sharp increase of …
高考图表作文专项讲解及练习(有答案)
