Unit 4 Global warming
阅读理解组块专练——练速度
(限时：30分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
In many parts of Africa, communities have electricity service that sometimes does not operate.And many rural (农村的) settlements are cut off from electricity producing centers.Therefore, off-grid (离网) solar power is becoming available to many communities.Off-grid solar energy is energy that is captured from the sun without being connected to a main electricity center.The International Energy Agency says more than 600 million people in Africa have no way to get electricity.New technology, however, could help solve this problem.
Lumos Global is among the companies offering solar energy services in Nigeria.The company's Chief Operating Officer, Nir Marom, says, “You need to put the system on the roof, and put the indoor unit in the home.There is a cable (电缆) to connect them.You don't need to be an electrician or anything like this.The sun charges the electricity, but you need to provide the credit to power the system up, and you do this using your mobile phone.” The price of off-grid solar energy systems has decreased sharply.Today, people can rent solar equipment for less than 50 cents a day.And they can pay for the electricity as they need it.
Senegal opened one of Africa's largest solar factories last year.The company paid for the construction of the solar factory in Senegal.A manager says a solar farm in Senegal can produce twice the amount of electricity that a farm of the same size in Britain or in northern France could produce.The International Energy Agency predicts that almost a billion people in sub-Saharan Africa will have on-grid electricity by 2040.But the agency says 50 million people will still be off-grid.Investors believe solar power could serve those people while also helping to reduce gases linked to climate change.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在非洲的许多地方，社区配有电力服务，不过有时候无法运行。并且，发电中心切断了许多村落的电力。幸运的是，新技术——离网太阳能可以解决这一问题。 1．Why is the off-grid solar power popular in Africa? A．Many people have difficulty in getting electricity. B．There is no electricity producing centers.
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C．It's a fashion among the communities. D．It's convenient to put the energy into use.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第一段可知，在非洲很多地方人们都无法用上电，这使得off-grid solar power在非洲得以流行起来。
2．What does Nir Marom say about the off-grid solar energy system? A．It's complex to change sunlight into energy. B．It's simple to put the equipment in place. C．It's beyond the reach of ordinary people. D．It's free for people to use the system.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据文中第二段Nir Marom所说“You don't need to be an electrician or anything like this.”可知，安装太阳能设备非常简单。
3．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．The solar energy system in Africa develops faster than that in Europe. B．Half of the people in Africa have no access to electricity. C．The usage of solar power is good for the environment. D．All the people in Africa can use electricity by 2040.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，太阳能的使用不仅可以满足人们需要，还可以减少与气候变化有关的温室气体的排放。即太阳能的使用对环境有益。
4．What may be the best title for the text? A．This is the best way to get electricity B．Africa is facing severe energy shortages C．Solar electricity production grows in Africa
D．Off-grid solar energy is better than on-grid solar energy
解析：选C 标题归纳题。纵观全文，文章主要介绍了太阳能发电在非洲非常流行。
B
Arctic sea ice is melting faster than expected, and that means big changes in Earth's climate system.
That warning comes from the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). Its scientists are calling for the establishment of an Arctic observatory to help deal with possible dangerous changes resulting from the melting ice.
The WMO believes changes in the Arctic area are likely evidence of a coming disaster. It noted that temperatures around the world continue to rise. The next year is predicted to be the hottest year since modern record-keeping began 150 years ago.
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The Arctic is warming at least two times as fast as the world average, the WMO said. The highest Arctic sea levels in March were said to be the lowest on record.
Petteri Taalas is the WMO's Secretary-General. He said that the changes in the climate were having a serious result. For example, he said, the tree line in mountain areas is moving upward. “There are also some species of animals who have difficulties in coping with these changes，” Taalas said. These include polar bears, Arctic seals, and even some birds. He said the changing climate will also have an effect on fisheries. Taalas also warned that the melting of the Arctic's frozen permafrost could release large amounts of greenhouse gases. Those gases are the ones that speed up the rise of temperatures.
But the melting of the Arctic sea ice is also opening up new transportation, travel and exploration possibilities. Taalas said that less ice could cut the time it takes for ships to sail between Europe and East Asia.
Opening the Arctic would also increase the risk of accidents in hazardous waters and oil spills. The cold, undeveloped environment is more difficult to clean up than other areas.
Taalas called for the establishment of an Arctic observatory to study, predict and react to climate change. He said this would keep transportation in Arctic waters safe.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了北极冰川加速融化及其带来的影响和应对措施。 5．What's the advantage of the melting Arctic sea ice according to the passage? A．It prevents the greenhouse gases producing. B．It will make summer not as hot as before. C．An Arctic observatory needs to be set up. D．It broadens traffic and science research.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第六段第一句“But the melting of the Arctic sea ice is also opening up new transportation, travel and exploration possibilities.”可知，北极冰川的融化扩大了交通和科学研究的领域。故选D。
6．What does the underlined word “hazardous” in Paragraph 7 mean? A．Deep and freezing. C．Smooth and balanced.
B．Involving risk or danger. D．Safe and slow.
解析：选B 词义猜测题。画线词所在句中的“hazardous waters and oil spills”和下句中的“The cold, undeveloped environment”应属同一类环境。hazardous与“寒冷和未开发的”相对应，应意为“危险的”。故选B。
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(浙江专版)2020版高考英语一轮复习Unit4Globalwarming高考拆组训练新人教版选修6
