these six time perspectives might coexist in a person. But they are biased in different situations. Either of them may rise to be the dominating one that influences us to make decisions. But we’re totally unaware.
Student A: But do those perspectives show bias in their influence on human life, for example, positive or negative
Professor Zimbardo: In a sense, that’s right. Any time perspective in excess has more negatives than positives, you know what those future-oriented people sacrifice for success. They sacrifice family time . they sacrifice friend time. They sacrifice fun time. And they sacrifice sleep. So it affects their health. And they live for work, achievement and control.
Student B: Yes. That’s ture. We just never realized that before. But professor, do you think time perspective is something inherent or something we learn Professor Zimbardo: People’s time perspectives result from the social environment and their life experiences, and they can be learned and be changed . That’s the last point I want to make today. one needs to develop the mental flexibility to shift time perspectives fluidly, depending on the demands of the situation; that’s what you’re got to learn to do. The optimal temporal mix is What you get from the past-positive gives you roots. What you get from the future is wings to soar to new destinations, new challenges. What you get from the present hedonism is energy, the energy to explore yourself, places, people, sensuality.
Further Listening Listening 1
Ex1: F F F F T T F T
Ex2: 1)friend 2) end 3) weeks 4)know 5)terrible 6)rang 7)younger 8)tired 9)game 10）make 11）show 12）thinking 13）distance 14）corner 15）telegram
16）deserve
Scripts:
Around the Corner
by Henson Towne Around the corner I have a friend, In this great city that has no end. Yet the days go by and weeks rush on, And before I know it, a year is gone. And I never see my old friend's face, For life is a swift and terrible race, He knows I like him just as well, As in the days when I rang his bell, And he rang mine.
But we were younger then, And now we are busy, tired men. Tired of playing a foolish game, Tired of trying to make a name. \Just to show that I'm thinking of him.\But tomorrow comes and tomorrow goes, And distance between us grows and grows. Around the corner! — yet miles away. \—Jim died today.\And that's what we get and deserve in the end. Around the corner , a vanished friend.
Listening 2
Ex1: 1)clocks 2) promptness efficiency 3) impatient 4) household appliances save time 5)control miss avoid Ex2: F T F F F Script:
Almost every American wears a watch, and in nearly every room in an American home, there's a clock. \on time.\\waste time.\\is money.\\waits for no one.\promptness and efficiency. Students and employees displease their teachers and bosses when they arrive late. This desire to get the most out of every minute often affects behavior, making Americans impatient when they have to wait. The pressure to make every moment count sometimes makes it difficult for Americans to relax and do nothing.
The desire to save time and handle work efficiently also leads Americans to buy many kinds of machines. These range from household appliances to equipment for the office such as calculators, photocopy machines and computers. One popular machine is the videocassette recorder, which gives Americans a new kind of control over time. Fans of professional football don't have to miss the Sunday afternoon game on TV because of a birthday party. They simply videotape it and watch the game in the evening. What's more, they can actual save time by fast-forwarding through all the sales ads and commercials shown during te game. So a game, seen later on, might only last hours.
Listening 3
Ex1: A B A B D
Ex2: 1)pessimistic 2)doubled 3)coal 4)chickens 5) artificial 6)well-designed
7)fresher 8)leading 9)unnecessary Script:
What will life be like 100 years from now Some experts are optimistic; others, far more pessimistic. They think that by then the population will have doubled. We will have run out of essential materials, like oil and coal. We may even have run out of water to drink. They believe that we will be living like chickens- living in little boxes, and eating artificial food.
But those who are more optimistic say that life in the future will be much better than it is today. We may be living in well-designed , systematic communities. We may be getting more sunlight, breathing fresher air, living in a better environment and leading far more pleasant lives than we are today.
Life will certainly have become far more mechanized by the year 2100. It may even have become too mechanized. Mechanization has already caused quite a few problems and will cause still more. For example, many jobs will have been “automated”. People will no longer be able to learn only one job in their lifetime. Many of the jobs that young people are doing today will have become unnecessary by the time they are 40. Questions:
1. What can definitely be said of life in the next century
2. What does \ 3. What will the influence of automation be upon people in terms of employment 4. Is there any possibility hat some jobs will disappear in decades from now Why or why not
5. What would the future job market look like
Listening 4
Ex1: F T T F F
Ex2: 1) Because they could have a large house and yard there 2) The cities have grown larger
3) During the last 10 or 15 years of the 20 century 4) Because they want to change them into apartment buildings 5) It saves people time for traveling back and forth Script:
Starting in the early 1900s, many Americans living and working in large cities moved to the suburbs. They wanted to live where they could have a large house and yard, instead of a small apartment with no yard. The problem that this has brought is that as the cities have grown larger, people must travel a long way to their place of work. Often the trip takes as much as two hours each way. Thus they have very little time to enjoy their houses and yards.
Therefore, during the last decades of the 20th century, some people became interested in moving back to the business areas of the cities. Many old buildings with businesses or factories on the first few floors have upper floors that are empty- Other old buildings are completely empty. Architects have been buying these buildings and changing them into attractive apartment buildings. Most have large comfortable rooms with big windows, which let in a lot of light. The apartments in these buildings are quickly bought by people who want to move back downtown. As one new apartment owner said, \sit in my car for over three hours a day. And there are nearby parks that I can visit now that I have more time.\
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新编大学英语(浙大第三版4)视听说教程unit8听力原文及答案
