标准
第九届初中生科普英语竞赛辅导材料
1． An Animal that Sees with Its Ears
echolocation [ek?u l?u’kei??n] n. 回声定位能力, 回声定位法 eyesight ['a?sa?t ] n. 视力 object ['?bd?ikt ] n. 物体
宾语从句 Scientists now know that bats ‘see’ by using what we call ‘echolocation’. 表语从句 Here is how it works.
It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth. It is almost impossible to trick them. use their eyesight to hunt for food certain bats: some bats make a sound send out sound waves
a fraction of a sound later: in a short time not only…but…
even though: even if 即使 without any trouble more importantly catch it in mid-air tell v. 判断
something good to e 2．Fish with flashlights?
现在完成时 have+过去分词 Have you ever heard of a fish with flashlight? 现在完成进行时 Have you ever been sitting at home when the electricity went off?
文案
标准
现在分词doing，具有形容词或副词的特点，可以做定语、状语、补语、表语。
如： There is a man standing there.（后置定语） Being ill today, I won‘t come.（原因状语） I see him standing there. （补语） He is speaking. （表语） （注意它和动名词做表语的区别，记住动名词是个名词性成分） the 比较级+the 比较级 越…就越….
The darker the surroundings, the brighter the glow appears to be. 定语从句
These bacteria produce certain chemicals that give off a faint glow.
Some of these fish have special ‘shutters’ over the pouches in which these bacteria live. Other scientists think that the fish use these ‘flashlights’ to attract smaller fish which they eat as food.
There may be other reasons for this special ‘flashlight’ that we have not yet discovered. Key structures and Phrases
被动语态 be+过去分词 Sometimes the fish do not want to be seen, so they simply close these shutters.
This keeps the glow from being seen.
(the electricity) go off ：go out / have a black out give off light
pretty scary: very scary search for: look for as…as…
to a depth of 到达…的深度 once 一旦
文案
标准
pitch-black adj.漆黑的, 墨黑的 have the ability to = be able to
keep … from doing sth. =stop …from doing sth. at other times = on other occasions allow sb. to do sth.
a colony of thousands of bacteria 聚集着成千上万的细菌 give off a faint glow= give off faint light 3 Penguins- perfect parents survive [ s?‘vaiv ] v. 生存,生还 amazing [?’meizi?] 惊人的，惊奇的 形容词最高级 the most amazing animals one of the coldest places on Earth
虚拟语气 If their eggs were left on the ice, they would freeze solid! 被动语态 be left
定语从句 They return to the icy shore where the mother lays one very large egg. make their home in the Antarctic 在南极安家 not only…but also =not only… but.. as well survive the bitter cold 在严寒的环境中生存 make perfect parents=be perfect parents spend…(in) doing sth. at the start of winter nothing but= only a fold of feathered skin
文案
标准
roll onto stay behind be full of feed with
care for = take care of = look after go back to the sea
take turns doing sth.轮流, 依次做某事 one parent, the other….. 一个，另一个 联系动词---stay+形容词 stay gone
表示状态和状态的持续,如: be(是), seem(似乎), look(看起来), appear(似乎), feel(觉得), sound(听起来), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), keep(保持), remain(保持), stand(站立), lie(躺), stay(停留)等。表示从一种状态转变为另一种状态,如:become(变成), go(变得), get(变得), turn(变成), grow(变成), fall(变成某种状态), come(成为), run(变成)等。 4 What?! A meat- eating plant?! herbivorous [h?:'biv?r?s ] a. 食草性的 carnivorous [kɑ:'niv?r?s ] a. 食肉性的 the pitcher plant ['pit?? ] 猪笼草 sundew ['s?n,du:] n. 毛膏菜
be composed of [k?m'p?uzd ] 由….组成 slippery ['slip?ri] a. 滑的
rim [rim ] n. （尤指圆形物的）边缘 prevent…from doing sth. 防止做某事 nectar ['nekt?] n. 花蜜
文案
标准
projection [pr?'d?ek??n] n. 突起，突状物 suffocate ['s?f?keit ] v. 使窒息 fearfully ['fi?f?li ] adv. 可怕地 定语从句
Those that eat plants; and those that eat meat.
People in Asia could tell you about the pitcher plant, which is shaded with bright red color and produces a honey-like juice that attracts insects.
The fluid then suffocate the insect, which gradually is digested by the plant. divide into 把…分成
believe it or not 信不信由你，不管你是否相信 for example：for instance 例如 tell sb. about sth.
is shaded with 掩映在….之中（被动语态） be composed of 由….构成 extremely slippery=very slippery lean over 弯下身子，俯身于…之上 lose one’s footing 失足 at the bottom of 在….的底部
drown the insect 将昆虫淹死 [draun]
digest.. as food for the plant 将它作为植物的美食消化掉 secrete a sticky substance [si’kri:t] 分泌一种粘稠的物质 prevent…from doing sth. 防止…做某事 struggle to free itself 挣扎着想飞走
文案
第九届初中生科普英语竞赛辅导材料
