上海交通大学附属中学2018学年度第二学期
高一英语期中试卷
第I卷
Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary (28’+10’+10”) Section A
Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.
1.________ has been done to develop the habit of reading aloud in the morning, his pronunciation remains a serious problem. A. In spite of that C. Although he 【答案】B
【详解】考查介词和连接代词。句意:尽管已经采取了措施来培养早晨大声朗读的习惯,但是他的发音仍然是个严重的问题。分析句子可知,despite为介词后接宾语从句作宾语,宾语从句中缺少主语,所以由连词代词what来充当宾语从句的主语。故选B项。
2.________ is the centre of our planetary system was a difficult concept to grasp in the Middle Ages.
A. It’s the sun and not the earth C. Being the sun and not the earth 【答案】D
【详解】考查主语从句。句意:太阳而不是地球是我们行星系统的中心,这在中世纪是一个很难理解的概念。分析句子可知,整个句子为主系表结构,was为系动词,它之前的都为主语,且主语由句子来充当,句子结构以及句意完整,所以连词代词为that。故选D项。 【点睛】当that用作连接词,引导名词性从句时,可引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句,that在从句中既不充当任何成分,也无实际意义,仅起着连接句子的作用。一般不可省略。
分析句子可知,整个句子为主系表结构,was为系动词,它之前的都为主语,且主语由句子来
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B. Despite what D. Though what
B. The sun and not the earth D. That the sun and not the earth
充当,句子结构以及句意完整,所以连词代词为that。故选D项。
3.It is far better for one to drink milk, ________ one gets health nutrients, than to drink coffee, ________ contains no nutrients at all. A. that… which C. which… that 【答案】D
【详解】考查介词+关系代词和关系代词。句意:对一个人来说,喝牛奶比喝咖啡要好得多,因为牛奶能给人带来健康的营养,而咖啡根本不含营养。分析句子可知, milk为先行词,在后面的非限制性定语从句作from的宾语。再分析句子, coffee为先行词,在后面的非限制性定语中作contain的主语。所以第一个空为from which, 第二个空为which。故选D项。 【点睛】定语从句中关系词的选择可考虑以下三点:
(1) 一看先行词的意义,即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom,指人时通常不用which等。
(2) 二看关系词的句法功能,即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分,是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose,有时也用which;作状语要用when, where, why。 (3) 三看定语从句的种类,即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。
分析句子可知, milk为先行词,在后面的非限制性定语从句作from的宾语。再分析句子, coffee为先行词,在后面的非限制性定语中作contain的主语。所以第一个空为from which, 第二个空为which。故选D项。
4.It is important that parents know of any situation ________ can be of great significance to their children’s behavior and school performance. A. which C. what 【答案】D
【详解】考查关系代词。句意:重要的是,家长应该知道任何对孩子的行为和在校表现有重
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B. which… which D. from which… which
B. where it D. that
大意义的情况。分析句子可知,situation为先行词,且被any修饰,在后面的限制性定语从句中作主语,所以关系代词只能为that。故选D项。 【点睛】定语从句只用that的情况
1. 当先行词是everything, anything, nothing (something 除外), all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时,或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等词修饰时。
2. 当先行词被序数词修饰时。 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。
4. 当先行词被the very, the only, the first / last等修饰时。 5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。 6. 当先行词为人与动物或人与物时。
分析句子可知,situation为先行词,且被any修饰,在后面的限制性定语从句中,作主语,所以关系代词只能为that。故选D项。
5.When they went into the shop and asked to look at the engagement rings, the shop assistant brought out a cheap one, ________ she has arranged with James. A. which was that C. which was what 【答案】C
【详解】考查关系代词和连接代词。句意:当他们走进商店,要求看一下订婚戒指时,服务员拿出一个便宜的,事先她与詹姆斯已经安排好的那个。分析句子可知,a cheap one为先行词,在后面的非限制性定语从句作主语,所以关系代词为which,定语从句为主系表结构,was为系动词,后接从句作表语,在表语从句中,arrange缺少宾语,所以由what来充当宾语。故选C项。
【点睛】what常用来引导名词性从句,即主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句和同位语从句.what在引导名词性从句时有两个重要的特点:
一是它在相应的名词性从句中一定有含义,常表示“什么”,“所…的”,“…的样子”等。 二是它在相应的名词性从句中一定做成分,而且常做主语,宾语或表语。
分析句子可知,a cheap one为先行词,在后面的非限制性定语从句作主语,所以关系代词为
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B. what was that D. that was that