207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226
C. The Art of Television
D. Harmful Effects of Television Viewing
47. In Paragraph 1，the word “being” could best be replaced by ________.
A. place B. creature C. subsistence D. existence
48. An important discovery in early television was the electrical resistance of ________.
A. mosaics B. the human eye C. lenses D. the element selenium 49. In 1875, Carey suggested that the human eye envisioned a mosaic of selenium cells on which the picture to be transmitted would be focused by ________.
A. wire B. electric lights C. a lens system D. amplifiers
50. Following are the reasons why the first scheme for television was abandoned EXCEPT ________. A. he lacks an effective assistant
B. the necessary amplifiers were unavailable C. the proper lights were unavailable
D. the number of connecting wires is impractical
Passage Three
11
227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252
The greatest recent social changes have been in the lives of women. During the twentieth century there was a remarkable shortening of the proportion of a woman’s life spent in caring for children. A woman marrying at the end of the nineteenth century would probably have been in her middle twenties, and would be likely to have seven or eight children, of whom four or five lived till they were five years old.（83）By the time the youngest was fifteen, the mother would have been in her early fifties and would expect to live a further twenty years, during which custom, opportunity and health made it unusual for her to get paid work. Today women marry younger and have fewer children. Usually a woman’s youngest child will be fifteen when she is forty-five years and is likely to take paid work until retirement at sixty. Even while she has the care of children, her work is lightened by household appliances and convenience foods．
This important change in women's life pattern has only recently begun to have its full effect on women’s economic position. Even a few years ago most girls left school at the first opportunity, and most of them took a full-time job. However, when they married, they usually left work at once and never returned to it. Today the school-leaving age is sixteen, many girls stay at school after that age, and though women tend to marry younger, more married women stay at work at least until shortly before their first child is born. Very many more afterwards return to full-time or part-time work.（84）Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage, with the husband accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfactions of family life and with both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money, and running the home, according to the
12
253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275
abilities and interests of each of them.
51. For women at the beginning of the twentieth century, the amount of time spent taking care of children ________.
A. was shorter than in previous centuries B. was longer than in previous centuries C. was considered to be surprisingly long D. account for a great part of their lives
52. According to the passage, around the year 1900 most women married ________.
A. at about twenty-five B. in their early fifties
C. as soon as possible after they were fifteen D. at any age from fifteen to forty-five
53. When she was over fifty, the late nineteenth-century mother ________.
A. would be healthy enough to take up paid employment B. was usually expected to die fairly soon C. would expect to work until she died
D. was unlikely to find a job even if she wanted one
54. One reason why the woman of today may take a job is that she ________.
A. is younger when her children are old enough to look after themselves
13
276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299
B. does not like children herself
C. need not worry about food for her children
D. can retire from family responsibilities when she reaches sixty 55. According to the passage, it is now quite usual for women to ________.
A. stay at home after leaving school B. marry men younger than themselves C. start working again later in life D. marry while still at school
Passage Four
Icebergs are among nature’s most spectacular creations, and yet most people have never seen one. A vague air of mystery envelops them. They come into being—somewhere—in faraway, frigid waters, amid thunderous noise and splashing turbulence, which in most cases no one hears or sees. They exist only a short time and then slowly waste away just as unnoticed.
Objects of sheerest beauty, they have been called. Appearing in an endless variety of shapes, they may be dazzlingly white, or they may be glassy blue, green, or purple, tinted faintly or in darker hues. They are graceful, stately, inspiring in calm, sunlit seas.
But they are also called frightening and dangerous, and they are in the night, in the fog, and in storms. Even in clear weather one is wise to stay at a safe distance away from them. Most of their bulk is hidden below the visible top. Also, they may roll over unexpectedly, churning
14
300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321
the waters around them.
Icebergs are parts of glaciers that break off, drift into the water, float about a while, and finally melt. Icebergs afloat today are made of snowflakes that have fallen over long ages of time. They embody snows that drifted down hundreds, or many thousands, or in some cases maybe a million years ago. The snows fell in polar regions and on cold mountains, where they melted only a little or not at all, and so collected to great depths over the years and centuries．
As each year’s snow accumulation lay on the surface, evaporation and melting caused the snowflakes slowly fell on the top of the old, it too turned to icy grains. So blankets of snow and ice grains mounted layer upon layer and were of such great thickness that the weight of the upper layers compressed the lower ones. (85) With time and pressure from above, the many small ice grains joined and changed to larger crystals, and eventually the deeper crystals merged into a solid mass of ice.
56. The author states that icebergs are rarely seen because they are ________.
A. broken by waves soon after they are found B. hidden beneath the mountains
C. located in remote regions of the world D. enveloped in mystery
57. The word “dazzlingly” (Para. 2) probably means ________.
15
最新2013专升本考试样题及答案
