期中复习-基础版(学生版)-上海市南洋模范中学2024-2024学年高中英语上外版必修第二册同步讲义

rules, they create it or introduce it in such a way that it is likely to last for a long time. 建立; 确立 例：

The UN has established detailed criteria for who should be allowed to vote. 联合国就谁应当被允许投票确立了详细标准。

【常用搭配】

establish oneself as… 确立了…的地位

13. concern /k?n?s??n/

1）. n. Concern is worry about a situation. 担忧 例：

The group has expressed concern about reports of political violence in Africa. 该集团已对有关非洲政治暴力的报道表示担忧。

2). vt. If something concerns you, it worries you. 使担忧 [no cont] 例：

The growing number of people seeking refuge in Thailand is beginning to concern Western aid agencies.

日益增多的到泰国寻求避难的人数开始让西方援助机构感到担忧。

3). vt. If you concern yourself with something, you give it attention because you think that it is important. 关心 例：

I didn't concern myself with politics. 我不关心政治。

14. adjust /??d??st/

1). When you adjust to a new situation, you get used to it by changing your behaviour or your ideas. 调整以适应 例：

We have been preparing our fighters to adjust themselves to civil society. 我们一直在让我们的战士们准备好自我调整以适应普通社会。

【固定搭配】 adjust… to… 调整…以适应…

15. threat/θr?t/

n. A threat to a person or thing is a danger that something bad might happen to them. A threat is also the cause of this danger. 威胁; 造成威胁的原因 例：

Some couples see single women as a threat to their relationships. 有些夫妇把单身女子看作是对他们夫妻关系的一种威胁。

2). n. A threat is a statement by someone that they will hurt you in some way, especially if you do not do what they want. 威胁的言论 例：

He may be forced to carry out his threat to resign.

他可能会迫不得已将自己扬言要辞职的威胁付诸实施。

【固定搭配】

under threat 受到威胁

16. attempt /??t?mpt/

1）. vt. If you attempt to do something, especially something difficult, you try to do it. 试图 (尤指做困难的事) 例：

The only time that we attempted to do something like that was in the city of Philadelphia. 我们惟一一次试图做那样的事是在费城。

2）. n. If you make an attempt to do something, you try to do it, often without success. (常指不成功的) 企图 例：

... deliberate attempt to destabilize the defence. …蓄意削弱防御的企图。

3). n An attempt on someone's life is an attempt to kill them. (杀人) 企图 例：

...an attempt on the life of the former Iranian prime minister. …刺杀伊朗前总理的企图。

17. approach /??pr??t?/

1). v. When you approach something, you get closer to it. 走近 例：

He didn't approach the front door at once. 他没有立即走近前门。

2). n. Approach is also a noun. 走近 例：

At their approach the little boy ran away and hid. 当他们走近时，那个小男孩跑开了并藏了起来。

3). vt. If you approach someone about something, you speak to them about it for the first time, often making an offer or request. 与…接洽 [no cont]

4). n. Approach is also a noun. 接洽

5). vt. When you approach a task, problem, or situation in a particular way, you deal with it or

think about it in that way. 处理

6). vi. As a future time or event approaches, it gradually gets nearer as time passes. 临近 例：

As autumn approached, the plants and colours in the garden changed. 秋天渐近，花园里的植物与色调发生了变化。 7).n Approach is also a noun. 临近 例：

...the festive spirit that permeated the house with the approach of Christmas. …随着圣诞节的临近而弥漫在这所房子里的节日气氛。

8).vt. As you approach a future time or event, time passes so that you get gradually nearer to it. 逐渐接近 (某时间或事件) 例：

There is a need for understanding and cooperation as we approach the summit. 在我们即将参加峰会之际需要理解与合作。

9).vt If something approaches a particular level or state, it almost reaches that level or state. 几乎达到 (某水平或状态) 例：

Oil prices have approached their highest level for almost ten years. 石油价格已几乎达到近十年来的最高水平。

10). n. An approach to a place is a road, path, or other route that leads to it. 路径 例：

The path serves as an approach to the boathouse. 这条小路是通向那个船库的一条路径。

11).n. Your approach to a task, problem, or situation is the way you deal with it or think about it. 方式 例：

We will be exploring different approaches to gathering information. 我们将探索收集信息的不同方法。

18. release/r??li?s/

1). vt. If a person or animal is released from somewhere where they have been locked up or cared for, they are set free or allowed to go. 放走 [usu passive]

2). n. When someone is released, you refer to their release. 释放 [with supp] 例：

He called for the immediate release of all political prisoners. 他要求立即释放所有的政治犯。

3). vt. If someone or something releases you from a duty, task, or feeling, they free you from it. 解除 [正式]

4). n. Release is also a noun. 解除 [also 'a' N, oft N 'from' N] 例：

Our therapeutic style offers release from stored tensions, traumas, and grief. 我们的治疗方式意在解除蓄积的压力、创伤和悲痛。

5).vt. To release feelings or abilities means to allow them to be expressed. 释放 例：

Becoming your own person releases your creativity. 保持你自己的本色可以释放出你的创造力。

6).n. Release is also a noun. 释放 例：

She felt the sudden sweet release of her own tears. 她感到自己的眼泪突然而甜蜜地流出来。

7). vt. If someone in authority releases something such as a document or information, they make it available. 发放 例：

They're not releasing any more details yet. 他们还不准备发放更多详情。

8).n. A new release is a new CD, DVD, or movie that has just become available for people to buy or see. 发行物 例：

Of the new releases that are out there now, which do you think are really good? 现在外面新的发行物中，你觉得哪些真正好呢？

19. recall 动词读作r??k??l。名词读作?ri?k??l。

1). v. When you recall something, you remember it and tell others about it. 记起; 回忆道 例：

Henderson recalled that he first met Pollard during a business trip to Washington. 亨德森记起他是在一次去华盛顿出差的途中第一次与波拉德结识的。

2). n. Recall is the ability to remember something that has happened in the past or the act of remembering it. 记忆力; 回忆

3). vt. If you are recalled to your home, country, or the place where you work, you are ordered to return there. 召回 (某人) 例：

The U. S. envoy was recalled to Washington. 该美国特使被召回了华盛顿。

4). n. Recall is also a noun. 召回 例：

The recall of Ambassador Alan Green is a public signal of America's concern. 艾伦·格林大使的召回是美国关注此事的公开信号。

5). vt. If a company recalls a product, it asks the stores or the people who have bought that product to return it because there is something wrong with it. 召回 (产品) 例：

The company said it was recalling one of its drugs and had stopped selling two others. 该公司说它正在召回它的一种药品，而且已经停售了另外两种药品。

20. emerge /??m??d?/

1). v. To emerge means to come out from an enclosed or dark space such as a room or a vehicle, or from a position where you could not be seen. (从视线以外的地方) 出现; 出来 例：

Richard was waiting outside the door as she emerged. 当她出现的时候，理查德正等候在门外。 例：

She then emerged from the courthouse to thank her supporters. 于是她从法院大楼出来向支持者们表示感谢。

2). vi. If you emerge from a difficult or bad experience, you come to the end of it. 摆脱 例：

There is growing evidence that the economy is at last emerging from recession. 有越来越多的迹象表明经济将最终摆脱萧条。

3). v. If a fact or result emerges from a period of thought, discussion, or investigation, it becomes known as a result of it. 显露 (事实、结果) 例：

...the growing corruption that has emerged in the past few years. …过去几年中暴露出来的日趋严重的腐败。 例：

It soon emerged that neither the July nor August mortgage payment had been collected. 很快显示的是7月和8月的抵押款都没有被收取。

4). v. If someone or something emerges as a particular thing, they become recognized as that thing. 立足成为 [journalism] 例：

Vietnam has emerged as the world's third-biggest rice exporter. 越南已立足成为世界第三大稻米出口国。

5). v. When something such as an organization or an industry emerges, it comes into existence. 兴起