一模前完形填空专题练05
题组一 Why Study History?
People live in the present. They plan for the 36 . History, however, is the study of the past. Given all the 37 and pressures that come from living in the present and 38 what is yet to come, why bother with what has happened? Given all the available branches of knowledge, why insist—as most 39 systems do—on history? And why urge many students to study even more history than they are 40 to?
Any subject of study needs 41 : supporters must explain why it is worth 42 . Like most widely accepted 43 , history attracts people who simply 44 the information and modes of thought involved. But for people who are less interested in the subject and more 45 about why they should bother with it, a clearer explanation of its purpose is required.
46 do not perform heart transplants, improve highway design, or arrest criminals. In a society that quite correctly expects education to serve 47 purposes, history’ s functions can seem more difficult to 48 than those of engineering or medicine. History is in fact very useful, actually 49 , but the products of historical study are often less 50 and immediate than those of other subjects.
History helps us understand people, societies and how they 51 ．For example, how can we
52 past wars and future threats without using historical materials? Unfortunately, major aspects of the society’ s operation cannot be set up as precise experiments. 53 , history must serve, however imperfectly, as our 54 , helping us understand who we are and why we do what we do. This, fundamentally, is why we cannot 55 history.
【语篇简析】本文是一篇议论文。很多人有这样的疑惑：我们所有的需求和压力都来自活在当下，以及对
未来的预期，为什么还要在已经发生的事情上花费时间呢？虽然历史研究的成果往往不如其他学科那样立竿见影，但是，历史学科实际上是非常重要的，它能帮助我们了解我们是谁和我们为什么要做我们所做的事情。
36. A. process 【答案】C
【解析】根据该句中的“plan for”，并结合常识可知，人们为未来做计划。C. future“未来”，符合语境。A.
process过程；B. consequence结果；D. environment环境。
37. A. causes
B. demands
C. alternatives
D. orders
B. consequence
C. future
D. environment
【答案】B
【解析】根据该句中的“and pressures that come from living in the present”并结合选项可知，空处与名词
“pressures”对应，表示“来自活在当下的需求和压力”。B. demands “需求”，符合语境。 A. causes原因；C. alternatives选择；D. orders次序。
38. A. avoiding 【答案】D
【解析】根据上文的“They plan for the ______. ”以及该句中的“______ what is yet to come”，并结合语境可
知，此处是说对未来的预期。D. anticipating“预期”，符合语境。A. avoiding避免；B. fearing恐惧，害怕；C. celebrating庆祝。
39. A. financial 【答案】C
【解析】根据下文中的“urge many students to study even more history”可知，我们总是敦促学生学习更多历
史知识；结合该句中的“Given all the available branches of knowledge, why insist—as most ______ systems do—on history?”可知，考虑到所有可用的知识分支，为什么大多数教育体系坚持教授历史？C. educational “教育的”，符合语境。A. financial财政的；B. social社会的；D. political政治的。
40. A. required 【答案】A
【解析】根据该句“And why urge many students to study even more history than they are ______ to?”，并结合
常识可知，此处表示为什么要敦促许多学生学习比他们被要求学习的还要多的历史呢？ A. required意为“要求”，符合语境。B. invited邀请；C. forced强迫；D. permitted允许。
41. A. innovation 【答案】C
【解析】根据该句“Any subject of study needs ______: supporters must explain why it is worth ______. ”，并
结合常识可知，任何学科的研究都需要正当的理由(justification)，支持者必须解释其值得关注(attention)的原因，符合语境。A. innovation创新；B. exploration探索；D. revolution革命。
42. A. assessment 【答案】B
【解析】参见上题解析。B. attention意为“关注”，符合语境。A. assessment评估；C. expectation期望；
D. mention提及。
B. attention
C. expectation
D. mention
B. exploration
C. justification
D. revolution
B. invited
C. forced
D. permitted
B. social
C. educational
D. political
B. fearing
C. celebrating
D. anticipating
43. A. subjects 【答案】A
B. concepts C. topics D. concerns
【解析】根据该段第一句中的“subject”，并结合语境可知，该处指“大多数被普遍接受的学科”。A. subjects
意为“学科”，符合语境。B. concepts概念；C. topics话题；D. concerns关注，忧虑。
44. A. provide 【答案】D
【解析】根据该句中的“history attracts people who simply ______ the information and modes of thought
involved”并结合语境可知，历史吸引了喜欢这些信息以及相关的思维方式的人。D. like意为“喜欢”，符合语境。A. provide提供；B. receive接受；C. share分享。
45. A. doubtful 【答案】A
【解析】根据该句中的“why they should bother with it”可知，此处表示对要花费时间学历史有疑问；结合
全句内容可知，对于那些对这门学科不太感兴趣，而且对要花费时间学这门学科有疑问的人来说，需要更清楚地向他们解释学这门学科的目的。A. doubtful意为“怀疑的”，符合语境。B. worried担心的；C. thoughtful思考的，深思的；D. certain肯定的。
46. A. Supporters 【答案】B
【解析】根据上文可知，历史学科吸引了喜欢历史信息和相关思维方式的人；而对于对历史学科不太感
兴趣的人来说，则需要更清楚地向他们解释学习这一学科的目的；并结合语境可知，该处说明历史学家的特点，并引出对上述问题的解释。B. Historians“历史学家”，符合语境。A. Supporters支持者；C. Audiences观众；D. Teachers老师。
47. A. public 【答案】D
【解析】根据该句中的“In a society that quite correctly expects education to serve ______ purposes”，并结合
该段尾句中的“History is in fact very useful”和常识可知，社会期望教育有作用。D. useful意为“有用的”，符合语境。A. public公共的；B. multiple多种多样的；C. different不同的。
48. A. define 【答案】A
【解析】根据该句中的“history’ s functions can seem more difficult to ______ than those of engineering or
medicine”，并结合常识可知，历史学科的功能似乎比工程或医学学科的功能更难定义。A. define
B. expect
C. satisfy
D. ignore
B. multiple
C. different
D. useful
B. Historians
C. Audiences
D. Teachers
B. worried
C. thoughtful
D. certain
B. receive
C. share
D. like
意为“给下定义”，符合语境。B. expect预期；C. satisfy使满足/满意；D. ignore忽视。
49. A. optional 【答案】D
【解析】根据该句中的“History is in fact very useful，actually ______”，并结合语境可知，空处和“very useful”
对应，说明历史事实上是非常有用的，实际上是非常重要的。D. essential意为“极其重要的”，符合语境。A. optional可选择的；B. attractive吸引人的；C. accessible可进入的。
50. A. valuable 【答案】D
【解析】根据该句中的“but the products of historical study are often less ______ and immediate than those of
other subjects”可知，历史研究的成果往往不如其他学科的成果有明显的和即时的效果。D. obvious意为“明显的”，符合语境。A. valuable有价值的；B. interesting有趣的；C. instructive有教育意义的。
51. A. imagine 【答案】B
【解析】根据下文所举的例子，并结合该句“History helps us understand people, societies and how they
______.”可知，历史帮助我们了解人、社会以及他们是如何表现的。B. behave意为“表现”，符合语境。A. imagine想象；C. fight战斗；D. fade褪色。
52. A. prevent 【答案】C
【解析】根据下文“Unfortunately, major aspects of the society’ s operation cannot be set up as precise
experiments”；并结合该句中的“how can we ______ past wars and future threats without using historical materials”可知，如果不使用历史资料，我们如何评估过去的战争和未来的威胁呢？C. evaluate意为“评估”，符合语境。A. prevent阻止； B. remember记得； D. declare宣告。
53. A. Consequently 【答案】A
【解析】根据上文可知，社会运转的重要方面不能作为精确的实验来设置，并结合该句可知，因此，历
史必须作为我们的实验室(laboratory)，帮助我们了解我们是谁和我们为什么要做我们所做的事情。A. Consequently意为“因此”，符合语境。B. Alternatively (引出第二种选择或可能的建议)要不，或者；C. Fortunately幸运地； D. Admittedly公认地。
54. A. library
B. laboratory
C. clinic
D. museum
B. Alternatively
C. Fortunately
D. Admittedly
B. remember
C. evaluate
D. declare
B. behave
C. fight
D. fade
B. interesting
C. instructive
D. obvious
B. attractive
C. accessible
D. essential
【答案】B
【解析】参见上题解析。B. laboratory意为“实验室”，符合语境。A. library图书馆； C. clinic诊所；D. museum
博物馆。
55. A. make up for 【答案】D
【解析】根据上文可知，历史帮助我们了解我们是谁和我们为什么要做我们所做的事情；据此可知，此处
是说我们不能远离历史。D. stay away from意为“远离”，符合语境。A. make up for弥补；B. give in to屈服”；C. get close to接近。
题组二
Even if you’ ve never been to Phoenix in Arizona, you probably know this about the place: its terrible 36 . From June to September, the temperature can easily climb up to an unbearable point. But that doesn’ t 37 hikers from attempting the 1.3-mile hard walk to the top of the city’ s famous Camelback Mountain. Signs 38 that the trail is extremely difficult. If you continue, a posted checklist suggests at least a liter of water per person. And 39 you’ re still not stopped, another 40 farther up declares: “If you’ re halfway through your water, turn around!”
41 many people hardly pay any attention to the warnings. Fortunately, Scott Cullymore does. When he’ s not 42 his carpet-cleaning company nearby, the 53-year-old Cullymore can be found hiking up and down Camelback a couple of times a day, 43 cold bottles of water to 44 hikers. He has helped so many hikers that he has 45 a heavenly nickname: the Water Angel. “I’ d like a more manly name, but, you know,” he joked. Cullymore was on Camelback Mountain one day in 2015 46 a British tourist died after being lost for nearly six hours in the hot July. That experience 47 him to start helping people 48 caught by the unforgiving version of Mother Nature. “They lack deep understanding of the mountain, and they feel too 49 of what they can do, and so they get themselves in trouble,” he told the Arizona Republic. If a hiker has a flushed face and is not sweating anymore, Cullymore says that he 50 his backpack, pulls out a frosty bottle, and hands it to the person. “It’ s 51 that we’ re safe in the middle of the city. You can die up here, and no one would know.” One hiker who enjoyed the 52 of offered water agrees. “You think you know the hot weather, but then you get out here in the desert and it 53 you like a blanket. You have no way to get out,” said Austin Hill, who was hiking with a high school friend. They were 54 , he said, pointing to Cullymore. “We ran into this Good Samaritan(乐善好施者) here.” And with that, the Water Angel goes 55 another hiker in trouble.
B. give in to
C. get close to
D. stay away from
一模前完形填空专题练05(解析版)
