Module 3 Unit 2 语法专练
特殊疑问词引导的名词性从句
英语中所有用来构成特殊疑问句的特殊疑问词均可用来引导名词性从句，其选择取决于从句句意的需要。 It remained unknown who（谁） let out the news. I don’t know what（什么）I was thinking of. The problem is where（哪里） we should stay.
My question how（怎样）I shall get in touch with him has not been answered. 选择特殊疑问词需注意的情况： 1．要注意特殊疑问词在从句中所担当的句子成分：疑问代词可作主语、宾语和表语，而疑问副词（where, when, why, how）只能作状语。如：
I can’t imagine who did it. （作主语） I can’t imagine how he did it. （作状语） 2．Who在从句中既能作主语，也能作宾语，而whom只能作宾语。如： It hasn’t been decided who will manage the company. They haven’t decided whom they should help. 以关系词引导的名词性从句
用关系词引导的名词性从句又可称作名词性关系从句，因为它实际上是先行词与在其后的定语从句的结合。引导这种名词性从句的关系词有：what(=the thing that), whoever(=anyone who), whichever(=anyone/anything that), where(=the place where), when(=the time when)等。如：
What they need is a good rest. I can judge by what I know of him. Whoever did this job must be rewarded. Whichever he likes will be given to him. We shall not forget when the meeting will be held. She walked up to where he stood. 用关系词引导名词性从句时需要注意wh-ever与no matter wh-的区别。Wh-ever既可引导名词性从句，又可引导让步状语从句；而no matter wh-只能引导让步状语从句。如：
Whatever I said, he wouldn’t listen to me. =No matter what I said, he wouldn’t listen to me.（让步状语从句）
He would believe whatever I said. （引导宾语从句）
Whichever/No matter which you choose, the others will be offended.
Take whichever you like. 这里句中的whichever在不能用no matter what替换 用适当的连词填空：
1. ________ we need money is quite clear.
2. _________ the car can be used has not been known yet.
3. ________ we can’t understand is _________he didn’t join us in our discussion. 4. The fact ________ he is a model teacher is well-known.
5. They expressed the hope __________ they would come over to China again. t 6. Word came _________ his poem won the first prize.
7. Sometimes we are asked ________ we think the likely result of an accident will be. 8. China is not __________ she used to be. 9. Have you any idea ___________ she did it
10. That is _________ paper came into use in China.
11. It makes no difference _________ we will share the office with. 12. I remember _________ this used to be a quiet village.
13. The fact came up _________ specific sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 months
old.
14. There are signs __________ restaurants are becoming more popular with families. 15. I have made it clear ________ I will never go back there.
16. The people of the party were worried about Janet because no one knew ________ she had gone.
17. Some of the scientists held the point __________ the book said was right.
18. Whether ways will be found to stop pollution or not is just ________ worries the public. 19. I really wonder __________ he has posted me many packages since we worked together. 20. Although Ann is happy with her success she wonders ________ will happen to her private life.
It作形式主语常见句型
动词不定式，动名词或主语从句作主语时，通常把它们放在谓语动词前，而用it作形式主语，放到句首，常见句型有：
1. It + be + 形容词+主语从句，如：
It is uncertain whether he can come to Jenny’s birthday party or not.
2. It + be + 名词词组 + 主语从句，这类名词有：a fact, a pity, a shame, an honor，a question等，如：
It’s a pity that you missed the exciting football match. It remains a question whether he will come or not.
3. It + be + 过去分词 + 主语从句，这类过去分词有：announced, believed, expected, hoped, decided, reported, said, shown等， 如：
It is reported that 16 people were killed in the earthquake. It is not decided who will give the operation to the patient.
4. It + 不及物动词(seem, appear, happen等) + 主语从句, 这类不及物动词有：appear, happen, seem等，
It seemed that he didn’t tell the truth. It happened that I was out when he called.
5. It + be + 形容词 + for sb.+ 动词不定式
这类句型常用形容词easy, difficult, hard, important, possible，wise等作表语，有时候为了强调不定式动作的执行者，常在不定式前加for sb，如：
It’s necessary for the young to master two foreign language. It is unwise to give the children whatever they want.
这类形容词有：easy, difficult, hard, important, possible，wise
6. It + be + 形容词 + of sb. + 动词不定式，这类形容词常是表示心理品质,性格特征的形容词，如：kind, nice, stupid, clever, foolish, polite, impolite, silly, selfish等。某人和这些形容词可以构成主系表结构。如：
It’s very kind of you to help me with the work. =You are kind to help me. 7. It + be +名词词组 + 动词不定式，如： It is not a good habit to stay up too late.
8. It + be + 名词或形容词 + 动名词，这类名词和形容词常常是：good, no good, no use, a waste of, useless, senseless等，如：
It’s a waste of time talking to her any more. It is no use arguing about the matter with him.
9. It + take ( sb. )+ 时间（金钱）+ 动词不定式，如：
It took the workers almost three years to finish building the dam.
It will take a whole day to get to the top of the mountain on foot. 实战演练：
1. It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants. (NMET 1997) A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever
2. In fact is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match. (2001 上海)
A. this B. that C. there D. it
3. is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. (NMET1995) A. There B. This C. That D. It
4. Is necessary to take off our shoes when we enter the lab (MET88) A. everyone B. this C. her D. it
5. ________ will take you a lot of time to find him in the crowd. A. It B. I C. We D. They
6. It is no use his _________ there, the situation is hopeless now. A. to go B. to be going C. going D. having gone 7. It is never too late to learn, ________
A. is it B. isn’t it C. does it D. doesn’t it
8. ___________ is known to all that Shenzhou VI Launched Successfully. A. As B. What C. It D. That
9. _______ is reported in the newspaper, the Earthquake in east China's Jiangxi Province killed 13 people
A. It B. As C. That D. What
10. ___________ certain that his invention will make people’s life convenient. A. That’s B. This is C. It’s D. What’s
11. _________ that there is another football match on the air this evening. A. It says B. It was said C. It is said D. What was said
12. __________ that their daughter got an opportunity to study abroad.
A. It’s a exciting news B. This is an exciting news C. This is exiting news D. It’s exciting news
名词性从句综合检测
1. _______ makes his shop different is that it offers more personal services. A. What B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever 2. —It’s thirty years since we last met.
—But I still remember the story, believe it or not, _______ we got lost on a rainy night. A. which B. that C. what D. when 3. See the flags on top of the building That was _______ we did this morning. A. when B. which C. where D. What 4. —Could you do me a favor —It depends on _______ it is.
A. which B. whichever C. what D. whatever 5. These shoes look very good. I wonder _______.
A. how much cost they are B. how much do they cost C. how much they cost D. how much are they cost
6. Doris' success lies in the fact _______ she is co-operative and eager to learn from others.
牛津英语 模块三unit 2 grammar 学案
